Therefore, Pope Gregory IX requested him to give up this practice.

On 20 August 1233, Andrew had a meeting with the legate of Pope Gregory IX in the woods of Bereg, and they made an agreement which ensured the privileges of the clergy.

These preaching friars, with the authorization of Gregory IX, adopted ( with some modifications, e. g. the substitution of the " Gallican " for the " Roman " version of the Psalter ) the Breviary hitherto used exclusively by the Roman court, and with it gradually swept out of Europe all the earlier partial books ( Legendaries, Responsories ), & c., and to some extent the local Breviaries, like that of Sarum.

In this sense the word baccalarius or baccalaureus first appears at the University of Paris in the 13th century, in the system of degrees established under the auspices of Pope Gregory IX, as applied to scholars still in statu pupillari.

Pope Gregory IX is credited with promulgating the first official collection of canons called the Decretalia Gregorii Noni or Liber Extra ( 1234 ).

Bishop Christian continued his mission in Sambia ( Samland ), where from 1233 to 1239 he was held captive by pagan Prussians, and freed in trade for five other hostages who then in turn were released for a ransom of 800 Marks, granted to him by Pope Gregory IX.

The order was appointed by Pope Gregory IX the duty to carry out the Inquisition.

A depiction of Pope Gregory IX excommunicating.

On July 16, 1228, he was pronounced a saint by Pope Gregory IX.

* a gloss called ( Novella sive commentarius in decretales epistolas Gregorii IX ) on the Liber Extra ( 1234 ), compiled under the direction of Pope Gregory IX ( see Decretals )

In 1239, Pope Gregory IX excommunicated Fredrick again, and in 1245 he was condemned as a heretic by a church council.

But after continually delaying his departure for the Holy Land, including suffering an outbreak of disease in his fleet, he was excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX in 1227.

Neither side could make any headway, and in 1234 Gregory IX excommunicated John and his supporters.

Plans for a new crusade to be led by Frederick came to nothing, and Frederick himself was excommunicated by Gregory IX again in 1239.

Pope Gregory IX asked the Brothers to defend Finland from the Novgorodian attacks in his letter of November 24, 1232 ;

Louis also ordered, at the urging of Pope Gregory IX, the burning in Paris in 1243 of some 12, 000 manuscript copies of the Talmud and other Jewish books.

In the 1230s, Pope Gregory IX responded to the failures of the episcopal inquisition with a series of papal bulls which became the papal inquisition.

Baldouin became the popes's delegate in Courland and bishop of Semigallia ; however, the Germans complained about him to the Roman Curia, and in 1234 Pope Gregory IX removed Baldouin as his delegate.

The Teutonic Order's attempts to conquer Orthodox Russia ( particularly the Republics of Pskov and Novgorod ), an enterprise endorsed by Pope Gregory IX, can also be considered as a part of the Northern Crusades.

Born as Rinaldo di Jenne in Jenne ( now in the Province of Rome ), he was, on his mother's side, a member of the family de ' Conti di Segni, the counts of Segni, like Pope Innocent III and Pope Gregory IX.

His uncle Gregory IX made him cardinal deacon and Protector of the Order of Franciscans in 1227, Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church from 1227 until 1231 and Bishop of Ostia in 1231 ( or 1232 ).

Cardinals Ugolino of Ostia ( afterwards Pope Gregory IX ) and Guido of Praeneste were empowered to appoint the new Pope.

It was left to his successor, Pope Gregory IX, to insist upon their accomplishment.

In May 1045, Benedict IX resigned his office to pursue marriage, selling his office to his godfather, the pious priest John Gratian, who named himself Gregory VI.

* Lampe, Gregory P. Frederick Douglass: Freedom's Voice.

* 1941 – Frederick D. Gregory, NASA astronaut

Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal on 18 September 1227 with the cure of San Marco, and in 1228 – 29 sent him as legate in Lombardy and Tuscany, where the cities and communes had generally remained true to the Hohenstaufen emperor, Frederick II.

One group of cardinals, which included Sinibaldo de ' Fieschi ( soon to be Pope Innocent IV ) backed a candidate from the inner circle of Pope Gregory IX expected to pursue the hard line with Frederick II.

Gregory IX began his pontificate by suspending the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, then lying sick at Otranto, for dilatoriness in carrying out the promised Sixth Crusade.

Frederick II went to the Holy Land and skirmished with the Saracens to fulfill his vow, but was soon back in Italy, where Gregory IX had taken advantage of his absence by invading his territories.

Gregory IX denounced Frederick II as a heretic and summoned a council at Rome to give point to his anathema.

Gregory had been demanding the return of portions of the Papal States taken over by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II when he died.

* 1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades.

* 1228-1230-First clash between Gregory IX and Frederick II.

* June 28 – The Sixth Crusade is launched from Brindisi by Emperor Frederick II, after delays due to sickness and an excommunication from Pope Gregory IX.

* March 20 – Pope Gregory IX excommunicates Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.

His later years were spent in strife with his son Frederick, and he died in 1230 at San Germano, now renamed Cassino, whither he had gone to arrange the peace between the emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX.

Syndy M. Conger, Frederick S. Frank, and Gregory O ' Dea.

Syndy M. Conger, Frederick S. Frank, and Gregory O ' Dea.

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, had involved himself broadly in the Fifth Crusade, sending troops from Germany, but he failed to accompany the army directly, despite the encouragement of Honorius III and later Gregory IX, as he needed to consolidate his position in Germany and Italy before embarking on a crusade.

In 1227, after Gregory IX became pope, Frederick and his army set sail from Brindisi, Italy, for Acre ( then the capital of the truncated Kingdom of Jerusalem ), but an epidemic forced Frederick to return to Italy.

Gregory took this opportunity to excommunicate Frederick for breaking his crusader vow, though this was just an excuse, as Frederick had for years been trying to consolidate imperial power in Italy at the expense of the papacy.