A law promulgated in 1981 requires that every citizen over the age of 11 plant at least one tree per year.

Two of them were hanged ( as per the then still extant sodomy laws promulgated by Henry VIII in 1534 ) and six were pilloried for this offence.

The Corsican language has been influenced by the languages of the major powers taking an interest in Corsican affairs ; earlier by those of the Medieval Italian powers: Tuscany ( 828 – 1077 ), Pisa ( 1077 – 1282 ) and Genoa ( 1282 – 1768 ), more recently by France ( 1768 – present ), which, since 1789, has promulgated the official Parisian French.

The hamlet remained unpopulated during most of the 14th and 15th centuries until the influx of refugees from Albania ( i. e. from Scutari and Corona ) and several groups taking advantage of tax exemptions promulgated in those years.

Connotation 1 distinguishes the authority that promulgated a law.

For example, most areas of law in most Anglo-American jurisdictions include " statutory law " enacted by a legislature, " regulatory law " promulgated by executive branch agencies pursuant to delegation of rule-making authority from the legislature, and common law or " case law ", i. e., decisions issued by courts ( or quasi-judicial tribunals within agencies ).

This first connotation can be further differentiated into ( a ) pure common law arising from the traditional and inherent authority of courts to define what the law is, even in absence of an underlying statute, e. g., most criminal law and procedural law before the 20th century, and even today, most of contract law and the law of torts, and ( b ) court decisions that interpret and decide the fine boundaries and distinctions in law promulgated by other bodies.

In time, a rule, known as stare decisis ( also commonly known as precedent ) developed, whereby a judge would be bound to follow the decision of an earlier judge ; he was required to adopt the earlier judge's interpretation of the law and apply the same principles promulgated by that earlier judge if the two cases had similar facts to one another.

The canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches, which had developed some different disciplines and practices, underwent its own process of codification, resulting in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

This law, which was promulgated on the same day as the Meiji Constitution, enjoyed co-equal status with that constitution.

Nor did its Germanic traditions offer any code of civil law required of urbanised society, such as Justinian I caused to be assembled and promulgated in the Byzantine Empire.

The majority selected self-government and Niue's written constitution was promulgated as supreme law.

Norman Doe notes that St. Germain's view " is essentially Thomist ," quoting Thomas Aquinas's definition of law as " an ordinance of reason made for the common good by him who has charge of the community, and promulgated.

Still giving public support to the federation, Ahmad ibn Ali nonetheless promulgated a provisional constitution in April 1970, which declared Qatar an independent, Arab, Islamic state with the sharia ( Islamic law ) as its basic law.

Statutory law or statute law is written law ( as opposed to oral or customary law ) set down by a legislature ( as opposed to regulatory law promulgated by the executive branch or common law of the judiciary in a typical democracy / republic ) or by a legislator ( in the case of an absolute monarchy ).

The Secretary promulgated the Constitution of American Samoa which was approved by a Constitutional Convention of the people of American Samoa and a majority of the voters of American Samoa voting at the 1966 election, and came into effect in 1967.

At the Anabaptist Council of Venice 1550, the early Italian instigators of the Radical Reformation committed to the views of Miguel Servet ( d. 1553 ), and these were promulgated by Giorgio Biandrata and others into Poland and Transylvania.

The Land Act was promulgated in 1913 forcing many non-whites from their farms into the cities and towns to work, and to restrict their movement within South Africa.

In January 1962, the cabinet finally approved the text of the new constitution, promulgated by President Ayub Khan on March 1, 1962 and finally came into effect on June 8, 1962.

The doctrine then found its way into the doctrine of servitus camerae imperialis, or servitude immediately subject to the Emperor's authority, promulgated by Frederick II.

The Tsar promulgated a new code of laws ( Sudebnik of 1550 ), established the first Russian feudal representative body ( Zemsky Sobor ) and introduced local self-management into the rural regions.

The treaty of union was incorporated into the first Soviet constitution, which was promulgated in 1924.

A reorganization, ordered by Pope Pius X, was incorporated into the Code of Canon Law ( promulgated 1917 ).

The Citizenship ( Amendment ) Ordinance 2005 was promulgated by the President of India and came into force on 28 June 2005.

In the 1980s, as part of economic reform, the commercial banking functions of the PBC were split off into four independent but state-owned banks and in 1983, the State Council promulgated that the PBC would function as the central bank of China.

In many cases, the system of rights promulgated by one group has come into sharp and bitter conflict with that of other groups.

On 23 May 1949, the German Basic Law was promulgated and came into force a day later.

Under the latest revision of Pakistan's administrative structure, promulgated in 2001, Quetta was restructured as a City District, and divided into two towns Each town in turn consists of a group of union councils ( U. C .' s ).

Translations into the vernacular languages have appeared ; the English translation was promulgated in 2010 and was used progressively from September 2011.

Pope Paul VI promulgated the revised rite of Mass with his Apostolic Constitution Missale Romanum of 3 April 1969, setting the first Sunday of Advent at the end of that year as the date on which it would enter into force.

By ancient custom an Act did not come into force until it had been promulgated at an open-air sitting of Tynwald, usually held on Tynwald Hill at St John's on St John's Day ( 24 June ) but since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1753 on 5 July ( or on the following Monday if 5 July is a Saturday or Sunday ).

An emergency procedure enabling an Act to come into force on Royal Assent being announced at an ordinary sitting of Tynwald, subject to its being promulgated within 12 months, was introduced in 1916 ; since 1988 this has been the normal procedure, and an Act ceases to have effect unless promulgated within 18 months after Royal Assent is announced in Tynwald.

* In the Isle of Man, by ancient custom an Act of Tynwald, the legislature of the island, did not come into force until it had been " promulgated " at an open-air sitting of Tynwald, usually held on Tynwald Hill at St John's on St John's Day ( 24 June ) but since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1753 on 5 July ( or on the following Monday if 5 July is a Saturday or Sunday ).

An emergency procedure enabling an Act to come into force on Royal Assent being announced at an ordinary sitting of Tynwald, subject to its being promulgated within 12 months, was introduced in 1916 ; since 1976 this has been the ' default ' procedure, and since 1988 an Act ceases to have effect unless promulgated within 18 months after Royal Assent is announced in Tynwald.

Unable to resolve the impasse, the KMT-drafted Constitution was adopted by the National Assembly on December 25, 1946, promulgated by the National Government on January 1, 1947, and went into effect on December 25, 1947.

* 1974-A new Instrument of Government is promulgated, making Sweden a constitutional monarchy, with parliamentarism officially inscribed into the Constitution.

Dominican laity are governed by their own rule, the Rule of the Lay Fraternities of St. Dominic, promulgated by the Master in 1987.

The canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches, which had developed some different disciplines and practices, underwent its own process of codification, resulting in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

In 1852, Peru promulgated its own civil code ( based on a project of 1847 ), which was not a simple copy or imitation of the French one, but presented a more original text based on the Castillan law ( of Roman origin ) that was previously in force on the Peruvian territory.

The modern image of clans, each with their " own " tartan and specific land, was promulgated by the Scottish author Sir Walter Scott and others.

In 1969 Sandton was promulgated as a municipality in its own right, but lost its status as an independent town after the re-organisation of South African local governments.

Shen Buhai promulgated his own concept of wu wei, which caused some scholars to link him with Taoism.

As such, many of the Vetus Latina " versions " were generally not promulgated in their own right as translations of the Bible to be used in the whole Church ; rather, many of the texts that form part of the Vetus Latina were prepared on an ad hoc basis for the local use of Christian communities, to illuminate another Christian discourse or sermon, or as the Latin half of a diglot manuscript ( e. g. Codex Bezae ).

The Road Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China () is a law which was passed by the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 28, 2003, promulgated by Decree No. 8 of the President of the PRC Hu Jintao, and took effect on May 1, 2004 on all parts of mainland China ( but not in Hong Kong and Macau which have their own judicial systems.

When the Anglican and Lutheran churches implemented their own calendar and lectionary reforms in 1976, they adopted the same shortened definition of the Easter season as the Roman Catholic Church had promulgated six years earlier.

Also important on its own, although found in the Livre au Roi, Philip, and John, is the Assise sur la ligece, a law promulgated by Amalric I of Jerusalem in the 1170s, which effectively made every lord in the kingdom a direct vassal of the king and gave equal voting rights to rear-vassals as much as the greater barons.

Vestiges was published in New York, and in response the April 1845 issue of the North American Review published a long review, the start of which was scathing about its reliance on speculative scientific theories: " The writer has taken up almost every questionable fact and startling hypothesis, that have been promulgated by proficients and pretenders in science during the present century ... The nebular hypothesis ... spontaneous generation ... the Macleay system, dogs playing dominoes, negroes born of white parents, materialism, phrenology ,-he adopts them all, and makes them play an important part in his own magnificent theory, to the exclusion, to a great degree, of the well-accredited facts and established doctrines of science.

The National Agrarian University is governed by the University Act No. 23733, promulgated on December 9, 1983, which maintains the academic separtments, restored the faculty system and frees each university to organize and establish its own academic system, according to their characteristics and needs.

When the Ervigian code was promulgated in November 681, Erwig had added six more of his own new laws and three laws of Wamba, as well as revised eighty laws of Recceswinth.