IRV is known by different names in different countries.

If used for a single winner election CPO-STV becomes the same as Condorcet's method, in the same way that traditional STV becomes Instant Run-off Voting ( IRV ).

Because the two round system and the exhaustive ballot involve separate rounds of voting, voters can use the results of one round to decide how they will vote in the next, whereas this is not possible under IRV.

Because it is necessary only to vote once, IRV, like the two round system, is used for large-scale elections in many places.

In the 2009 Minneapolis IRV election, the single IRV round cost $ 365, 000 more ( adjusted for inflation ) than the two rounds ( 2005 primary and general election ) that IRV was supposed to replace.

Combined with the fact that there is no single election system for the national presidential election and therefore no single method for IRV, there would be no way to guarantee that a national IRV election would save money – in fact it might cost even more.

Using an example that applies to instant-runoff voting ( IRV ) and to the Two-round system, it is shown, that these voting systems violate the mono-raise criterion.

The 47-member South Australian House of Assembly is elected under the preferential Instant-runoff voting ( IRV ) system.

To head off a repeat of this result, the HRP spearheaded a petition campaign to place the Instant-runoff voting ( IRV ) system on the city ballot in spring of 1974.

The IRV system survived a court challenge by Republicans, but Ann Arbor voters repealed the system in an April 1976 special election.

The IRV system was not again used in a United States election until San Francisco began using a similar system in 2004.

Due to the incompatibility of the various national variants, an International Reference Version ( IRV ) of ISO / IEC 646 was introduced, in an attempt to at least restrict the replaced set to the same characters in all variants.

Although instant runoff voting ( IRV ) uses ranked ballots, secondary preferences are considered in the same sequence as in multiple rounds of voting, so this method does not reduce the vote-splitting effect ( compared to runoff voting ).

Current usage within the Metropolitan Police Service uses the term " panda car " to refer specifically to a marked car driven by a basic driver ( i. e., one constrained to drive within normal traffic rules, and who may not use the vehicle's siren ), as opposed to an IRV —" immediate response vehicle "— which could be exactly the same vehicle but driven by a response driver ( i. e., one trained and permitted to disregard certain traffic laws and use the siren, as one would normally expect from police vehicles ).

Instant-runoff voting ( IRV ), like the exhaustive ballot, involves multiple reiterative counts in which the candidate with fewest votes is eliminated each time.

Many students ' unions in Britain and Ireland use a similar ballot option called re-open nominations ( RON ) in IRV ( also known as the alternative vote ) and single transferable vote ( STV ) elections.

Unlike the Borda count, IRV uses a process of elimination to assign each voter's ballot to their first choice among a dwindling list of remaining candidates until one candidate receives an outright majority of ballots.

Supporters of IRV have claimed that IRV can save money in reduced costs, but this has not always been the case.

The difference is that RON is a vote against all candidates in FPTP ( first-past-the-post ) and all subsequent candidates in an IRV or STV election.

Instant-runoff voting ( IRV ) is a method ( like Borda count ) which requires each voter to rank the candidates.

All Condorcet methods, Bucklin voting, and IRV fail.

The callsign attached to the vehicle for the duration of the shift should normally make it clear whether it is functioning as a panda or IRV at the time.

In April 1975, during the first ( and only ) Ann Arbor mayoral race using IRV, the Republican incumbent James E. Stephenson received 49 % of the first-choice ballots, leading his Democratic challenger Al Wheeler, who received 40 %, and the HRP candidate Carol Ernst with 11 %.

* Director or Member of the Board of Directors – high-level official with a fiduciary responsibility of overseeing the operation of a corporation and elects or removes officers of a corporation ; nominally, Directors, other than the Chairman are usually not considered to be employees of the company per se, although they may receive compensation, often including benefits ; in publicly held companies.

EB often elects a different winner from runoff voting.

The national conference of each country elects its own highest official ( often called the bishop ).

The national conference of each country elects its own highest official ( often called the bishop ).

The Sixth Form elects a group of 16 girls, including Head Girl and two Deputy Head Girls, who organise social events, often in conjunction with Nottingham High School.

For the convenience of administration, the Aka people elects a chief, who often acts the role of the village headman.

Verin can change his form at will, and often elects a black-skinned mirror image of himself, known as Ztefano.

The answers they give can often pave the way to performance increases and, quite often, are necessary for completing entry blanks for different events.

Different parts of these cells sometimes absorb or reflect different wavelengths so that it is often possible to see internal portions of cells in a different color.

But in any event, full credit should be given to the Cost Section for its express and overt recognition of a vital distinction too often ignored in utility-cost analyses: namely, that between a cost allocation designed to reflect the actual behavior of costs in response to changes in rates of output of different classes of utility service ; ;

`` You often hear people talk about team spirit and that sort of thing '', Benington said in a conversation after the ceremonies, `` but what this team had was a little different.

Biological anthropologists are interested in both human variation and in the possibility of human universals ( behaviors, ideas or concepts shared by virtually all human cultures ) They use many different methods of study, but modern population genetics, participant observation and other techniques often take anthropologists " into the field ," which means traveling to a community in its own setting, to do something called " fieldwork.

In the former, the encounter with multiple, distinct cultures, often very different in organization and language from those of Europe, has led to a continuing emphasis on cross-cultural comparison and a receptiveness to certain kinds of cultural relativism.

A statistically significant effect in ANOVA is often followed up with one or more different follow-up tests.

Authors who use this formulation often speak of the choice function on A, but be advised that this is a slightly different notion of choice function.

Many peasant parties were also nationalist parties, because peasants often worked their land for the benefit of landlords of different ethnicity.

When looking at variations it needs to be kept in mind that different groups of people do not always sign one way and not the other, rather they prefer and use a particular form of a sign more often.

" Alternate History " looks at " what if " scenarios from some of history's most pivotal turning points and presents a completely different version, sometimes based on science and fact, but often based on conjecture.

Braudel developed the idea, often associated with Annalistes, of different modes of historical time: l ' histoire quasi immobile ( motionless history ) of historical geography, the history of social, political and economic structures ( la longue durée ), and the history of men and events, in the context of their structures.

Thus, boundaries between CAM and mainstream medicine, as well as among different CAM systems, are often blurred and are constantly changing.

Each issue is a collection of contributions from different authors, often featuring game design discussions, rules variants, write-ups of game sessions, reviews, and comments on others contributions.

The creature is often described as a flying biped with hooves, but there are many different variations.

There are several varieties of caapi, often known as different " colors ", with varying effects, potencies, and uses.

One of the most common criticisms of the movement, which does not necessarily come from its opponents, is simply that the anti-globalization movement lacks coherent goals, and that the views of different protesters are often in opposition to each other.

Aromatic compounds are often drawn as cyclic alkenes, but their structure and properties are different and they are not considered to be alkenes.

Spin is often depicted as a particle literally spinning around an axis, but this is a misleading and inaccurate picture: Spin is an intrinsic property of a particle, fundamentally different from orbital angular momentum.

The effects of the isolated development of archaeoastronomy in different places can still often be seen in research today.

The shape and size of the brains of different species vary greatly, and identifying common features is often difficult.

Campaign buses are often specially decorated for a political campaign or other social awareness information campaign, designed to bring a specific message to different areas, and / or used to transport campaign personnel to local areas / meetings.

He has often produced " De Palma " films one after the other before going on to direct a different genre, but would always return to his familiar territory.