With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

These authors, the former a medieval historian and the latter an early modernist, quickly became associated with the distinctive Annales approach, which combined geography, history, and the sociological approaches of the Année Sociologique ( many members of which were their colleagues at Strasbourg ) to produce an approach which rejected the predominant emphasis on politics, diplomacy and war of many 19th and early 20th-century historians as spearheaded by historians whom Febvre called Les Sorbonnistes.

No larger settlements, however, have been found to have existed in this remote rural area, located at least 15 km from the nearest road even in Roman times, up to the early medieval period when the place is mentioned as a king's mansion for the first time, not long before Charlemagne became ruler of the Germanic Franks.

This is the reason that Alfred divided his code into precisely 120 chapters: 120 was the age at which Moses died and, in the number-symbolism of early medieval biblical exegetes, 120 stood for law.

Saint Thomas Aquinas's aesthetic is probably the most famous and influential theory among medieval authors, having been the subject of much scrutiny in the wake of the neo-Scholastic revival of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and even having received the approbation of the celebrated Modernist writer, James Joyce.

Well known armour types in European history include the lorica hamata, lorica squamata, and the lorica segmentata of the Roman legions, the mail hauberk of the early medieval age, and the full steel plate harness worn by later medieval and renaissance knights, and breast and back plates worn by heavy cavalry in several European countries until the first year of World War I ( 1914 – 15 ).

In early medieval times, Argovia or Argowe was a disputed border region between the duchies of Alamannia and Burgundy.

Studies in early and medieval Irish archaeology, history and literature in honour of Francis J. Byrne, ed.

The Battle of Bouvines, which took place on 27 July 1214, was a medieval battle ending the twelve year old Angevin-Flanders War that was fundamental in the early development of France in the Middle Ages by confirming the French crown's sovereignty over the Angevin lands of Brittany and Normandy.

The medieval European Knights Templar ran an early prototype of a central banking system, as their promises to pay were widely respected, and many regard their activities as having laid the basis for the modern banking system.

Like The Black Diamonds, it uses a medieval, Arabian Nights – like setting, and the Arabian Nights, like the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm and the works of Edgar Allan Poe, are known to have strongly influenced Smith's early writing, as did William Beckford's Vathek.

Columbanus ( 540 – 23 November 615 ;, meaning " the white dove ") was an Irish missionary notable for founding a number of monasteries on the European continent from around 590 in the Frankish and Lombard kingdoms, most notably Luxeuil ( in present-day France ) and Bobbio ( Italy ), and stands as an exemplar of Irish missionary activity in early medieval Europe.

Other historians claim instead that the Carolingian byrnie was nothing more than a coat of mail, but longer and perhaps heavier than traditional early medieval mail.

Wansdyke, an early medieval defensive linear earthwork, runs from south of Bristol to near Marlborough, Wiltshire, passing not far from Bath.

Medieval military doctrine employed them as part of a combined-arms force along with various kinds of foot troops ; however medieval chroniclers tended to pay undue attention to the knights at the expense of the rank and file, which led early students of military history to suppose that this heavy cavalry was the only force that mattered on medieval European battlefields, which was not the case.

Ironically, the rise of infantry in the early 16th century coincided with the " golden age " of heavy cavalry ; a French or Spanish army at the beginning of the century could have up to half its numbers made up of various kinds of light and heavy cavalry, whereas in earlier medieval and later 17th century armies the proportion of cavalry was seldom more than a quarter.

It was immediately steeped in medieval nominalism and early Protestantism.

The crossbow is portrayed as a hunting weapon on four Pictish stones from early medieval Scotland ( 6th to 9th centuries ): St. Vigeans no.

In Scotland, their medieval and post-medieval use is also documented into the early 18th century.

What is striking about these early cases is that unlike modern courts, the medieval English courts never questioned the right of the actual plaintiffs to sue on behalf of a group or a few representatives to defend an entire group.

Considerable fragments of two other works, On Providence and Divine Manifestations, are preserved in the early medieval encyclopedia, the Suda.

There are 83 known manuscripts of the work from the late medieval and early Renaissance period, more than any other vernacular literary text with the exception of The Prick of Conscience.

The works of Petrarch first displayed the new interest in the intellectual values of the Classical world in the early 14th century and the romance of this era as rediscovered in the Renaissance period can be seen expressed by Boccaccio.

After the Communists took control in the 1940s Polish scholars were safer working on the Middle Ages and the early modern era rather than contemporary history.

The reciprocal influence between the French school and Polish historiography was particularly evident in studies on the Middle Ages and the early modern era studied by Braudel.

The Lesbian or Aeolic school of poetry " reached in the songs of Sappho and Alcaeus that high point of brilliancy to which it never after-wards approached " and it was assumed by later Greek critics and during the early centuries of the Christian era that the two poets were in fact lovers, a theme which became a favourite subject in art ( as in the urn pictured above ).

: The publisher of this book states, " The standard Jewish view is that prophecy ended with the ancient prophets, somewhere early in the Second Temple era.

After showing its first growth since the communist era in 2000, Bulgaria ’ s industrial sector has grown slowly but steadily in the early 2000s ( decade ).

In the very early part of the 20th century, known as the " dead-ball era ", baseball rules and equipment favored the " inside game " and the game was played more violently and aggressively than it is today.

Originally combined with the Book of Nehemiah in a single book of Ezra-Nehemiah, the two became separated in the early centuries of the Christian era.

It may come from a custom in the late Roman / early Christian era, wherein metal boxes placed outside churches were used to collect special offerings tied to the Feast of Saint Stephen, which in the Western Church falls on the same day as Boxing Day.

These early experimental designs later gave rise to the era of specialized supercomputers like those made by Cray Inc.

The use of data coding for data compression predates the computer era ; an early example is the telegraph Morse code where more-frequently used characters have shorter representations.

Breton artist Alan Stivell was one of the earliest musicians to use the word Celtic and Keltia in his marketing materials, starting in the early 1960's as part of the worldwide folk music revival of that era with the term quickly catching on with other artists worldwide.

Although Latin Jazz is most popularly associated with artists from the Caribbean ( particularly Cuba ) and Brazil, young Mexican Americans have played a role in its development over the years, going back to the 1930s and early 1940s, the era of the zoot suit, when young Mexican American musicians in Los Angeles and San Jose began to experiment with banda, a Jazz-like Mexican music that has grown recently in popularity among Mexican Americans such as Jenni Rivera.

Australia-New Guinea, having split from Gondwana during the early Cretaceous, drifted north and, eventually, collided with South-east Asia ; Antarctica moved into its current position over the South Pole ; the Atlantic Ocean widened and, later in the era, South America became attached to North America.

New Confucianism is an intellectual movement of Confucianism that began in the early 20th century in Republican China, and revived in post-Mao era contemporary China.

The history of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is typically divided into three broad time periods: ( 1 ) the early history during the lifetime of Joseph Smith, Jr. which is in common with all Latter Day Saint movement churches, ( 2 ) a " pioneer era " under the leadership of Brigham Young and his 19th century successors, and ( 3 ) a modern era beginning around the turn of the 20th century as Utah achieved statehood.

The history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ) is typically divided into three broad time periods: ( 1 ) the early history during the lifetime of Joseph Smith, Jr. which is in common with all Latter Day Saint movement churches, ( 2 ) a " pioneer era " under the leadership of Brigham Young and his 19th Century successors, and ( 3 ) a modern era beginning around the turn of the 20th century as the practice of polygamy was discontinued.

During the early computer era, Chinese characters were categorized by their radicals or Pinyin ( or romanization ), but results weren't completely satisfactory.

The Cubs posted a winning record ( 83 – 78 ) for the third consecutive season, the first time the club had done so since 1972, and a new era of ownership under the Ricketts ' family was approved by MLB owners in early October.

After the passing of Chiang Kai-Shek, the next president, Chiang's son, Chiang Ching-kuo, and Chiang Ching-kuo's successor, Lee Teng-hui a native Taiwanese, would, in the 1980s and 1990s, increase native Taiwanese representation in the government and loosen the many authoritarian controls of the early era of ROC control in Taiwan.

The series ' art direction centers on American music and counterculture, especially the beat and jazz movements of the 1940s – 1960s and the early rock and roll era of the 1950s – 1970s, which the original soundtrack by Yoko Kanno and the Seatbelts defines.

Industrial Cape Breton has historically been a region of labour activism, electing Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( and later NDP ) MPs, and even produced many early members of the Communist Party of Canada in the pre-World War II era.

The Law on Cooperatives enacted in May 1988 was perhaps the most radical of the economic reforms during the early part of the Gorbachev era.