Instead, radical psychologists examined the role of society in causing and treating problems and looked towards social change as an alternative to therapy to treat mental illness and as a means of preventing psychopathology.

Instead of treating every user as client and server, some users were now treated as ultrapeers, routing search requests and responses for users connected to them.

Instead of treating his sons equally in status and land, he elevated his first-born son Lothair above his younger brothers and gave him the largest part of the Empire as his share.

The competitive Rose was sour after the game, blasting Garber and the Braves for treating the situation " like it was the ninth inning of the 7th game of the World Series " Instead of being insulted, Garber took the comment as a compliment: " I said to myself, ' Well, thanks Pete.

Instead of treating each continent separately he begins at the Straits of Gibraltar, and describes the countries adjoining the south coast of the Mediterranean ; then he moves round by Syria and Asia Minor to the Black Sea, and so returns to Spain along the north shore of the Euxine, Propontis, etc.

Instead of treating language as a collection of static lexical items and grammar rules that are learned and then used according to fixed rules, the dynamical systems view defines the lexicon as regions of state space within a dynamical system.

Instead of treating the remaining solution with lime, carbon dioxide and ammonia are pumped into the solution, then sodium chloride is added until the solution saturates at 40 ° C.

Instead of rejecting macro-measurements and macro-models of the economy, they embraced the techniques of treating the entire economy as having a supply and demand equilibrium.

" Instead of treating the characters as deities, they are allocated the roles of being historical heroes who sometimes have supernatural or superhuman powers, for instance, in the Irish sources the gods are claimed to be an ancient tribe of humans known as the Tuatha Dé Danann.

Instead of treating her medically, officials were said to have drugged her into unconsciousness with sedatives for three days to keep her quiet and then transferred her to a psychiatric hospital, Asghar Psychiatric Hospital, in Karachi.

Instead of treating the Medes as a beaten foe and a subject nation, he had himself installed as king of Media and governed Media and Persia as a dual monarchy, each part of which enjoyed equal rights.

Instead, he insisted on treating the German soldiers as prisoners of war.

Instead, all of the total costs are treated as variable costs, although these costs are divided into costs that are deemed to be functions of different variables.

Instead, these substances are discussed in terms of formula units or unit cells as the smallest repeating structure within the substance.

Instead of focusing merely on the individual objects ( e. g., groups ) possessing a given structure, category theory emphasizes the morphisms – the structure-preserving mappings – between these objects ; by studying these morphisms, we are able to learn more about the structure of the objects.

Instead, these efforts, it is argued, were made in order to advance Western development and reinforce Western hegemony.

Instead, European sets contain seven additional dominoes, with six of these representing the values that result from throwing a single die with the other half of the tile left blank, and the seventh domino representing the blank-blank ( 0 – 0 ) combination.

Instead, these parsers just provide to the application the parsed FPI and / or URI associated to the notations found in the parsed SGML or XML document, and with a facility for a dictionary containing all notation names declared in the DTD ; these validating parsers will also check the uniqueness of notation name declarations, and will report a validation error if some notation names are used anywhere in the DTD or in the document body but not declared:

Instead, these depictions gave recognizable forms to the abstract deities by using symbolic imagery to indicate each god's role in nature.

Instead of directly modifying an FFT algorithm for these cases, DCTs / DSTs can also be computed via FFTs of real data combined with O ( N ) pre / post processing.

Instead, these verses specifically refer to an act of anal sex between two male Jews.

Instead of having meta-consciousness, these humans were constituted by what Jaynes calls the " bicameral mind ".

Instead, it is advisable to refer solely to the model number as these are the same for all markets.

Instead they may analyze these phones as belonging to a single archiphoneme, written something like | N |, and state the underlying representations of limp, lint, link to be.

Instead, party members answerable to or controlled by the party held these posts, often as honorific posts as a reward for their long years of service to the party.

Instead, he uses these free limbs to either grab one of the ring ropes ( the bottom one is the most common, as it is nearest the wrestlers ) or drape his foot across, or underneath one.

Instead, these updates can be estimated by sampling methods, without ever having to calculate form factors explicitly.

Instead, it maintained a system of taxation on the production that took place in the territories that they controlled, in exchange for protecting the growers and establishing law and order in these regions by implementing its own rules and regulations.

Instead of precedents and codes, sharia relies on jurists ' manuals and collections of non-binding legal opinions, or hadith, ( ulama, particularly a mufti ); these can be made binding for a particular case at the discretion of a judge.

Instead, Deism holds that religious beliefs must be founded on human reason and observed features of the natural world, and that these sources reveal the existence of a supreme being as creator.

Instead of the frequency, these forks are labeled with the calibration speed and radar band ( e. g. X-Band or K-Band ) for which they are calibrated.

Instead, these private line circuits were connected to network hubs and repeaters configured to provide point to point or point to multipoint service.

Instead they relied on the network of ground stations, also called Command Points to communicate with the spacecraft ; all of these Command Points were located within the Soviet Union.

Instead these devices have a relatively large sensor area at each sample point in order to obtain sufficient amount of light.

Instead, these often have an antipassive voice.

Instead, the strings are arranged in pairs, and the jacks are in the larger gaps between the pairs.

Instead of altering the pitch of the strings in the normal manner ( by pressing the string against frets ), a slide is placed upon the string to vary its vibrating length, and pitch.

Instead, the mouth is surrounded by cilia that pull strings of mucus-containing food particles towards a series of grooves around the mouth.

Instead of one hand fretting and the other hand plucking, both hands sound notes by striking the strings against the fingerboard just behind the appropriate frets for the desired notes.

Instead of five hair strings there were now twelve metal strings arranged in four groups of three.

Instead, they used strings, keyboards and electronics, including primitive synthesizers, and various audio processors, including the ring modulator.

Instead, piano makers take advantage of the fact that a heavy string vibrates more slowly than a light string of identical length and tension ; thus, the bass strings on the piano are much thicker than the others.

Instead of having the strings hit by the fingers or a pick, they are moved by the electromagnetic field created by the device, producing a sound reminiscent of using a bow on the strings.

Instead of the standard EADGBE tuning, the six guitar strings are tuned, from low to high, D2 A2 D3 G3 A3 D4.

Instead, Hackett and Howe's guitars were outfitted with Roland guitar synthesizer pickups, which used the vibrations of the strings to create MIDI signals which could be used to trigger and operate rack synthesizers.

Instead of using tines or strings, stage pianos reproduce sound electronically by the use of sampled or digitally modelled sounds.

Instead of the inversion of the theme we expect in the second phrase of A, the strings take over and offer an entirely different melody, but with essentially the same contour as the inversion.

Instead of being equipped with full strings, there was only a small part of the guitar with exposed nylon strings or one metal string on the body.