In 1451 Berlin became the royal residence of the Brandenburg electors, and Berlin had to give up its status as a free Hanseatic city.

The city was later renamed Nova Roma by Constantine the Great, but popularly called Constantinople and briefly became the imperial residence of the classical Roman Empire.

The palace of Blachernae in the north-west of the city became the main Imperial residence, with the old Great Palace on the shores of the Bosporus going into decline.

* Dachau Palace: a medieval castle which became the favourite residence of the Bavarian dukes in the 16th century.

Indira moved into Nehru's official residence to attend to him and became his constant companion in his travels across India and the world.

Later she became a local teacher in Louisiana and took up residence, with her children, at the home of a wealthy plantation owner.

When in 1276 they became the souvereign of the town also, they moved their residence there, while the administration of the diocese was done from nearby Köslin ( Koszalin ).

Its location below Augustus ' residence is thought to be significant ; Octavian, before he became Augustus, had considered taking the name Romulus to indicate that he intended to found Rome anew.

) In 1240, Munich was transferred to Otto II Wittelsbach and in 1255, when the Duchy of Bavaria was split in two, Munich became the ducal residence of Upper Bavaria.

In 1623 during the Thirty Years ' War Munich became electoral residence when Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria was invested with the electoral dignity but in 1632 the city was occupied by Gustav II Adolph of Sweden.

Their cultural heritage was acquired and developed in medieval Bulgaria, where after 885 the region of Ohrid became a significant ecclesiastical center with the nomination of the Saint Clement of Ohrid for " first archbishop in Bulgarian language " with residence in this region.

To increase his power, Nobunaga persuaded Oda Nobumitsu, a younger brother of Nobuhide, to join his side and, with Nobumitsu's help, slew Nobutomo in Kiyosu Castle, which later became Nobunaga's place of residence for over ten years.

Constantine presented the pope with the Lateran Palace which became the papal residence and seat of Christian governance.

In 1839, Texas became the first nation in the world to enact a homestead exemption under which a person's primary residence could not be seized by creditors.

In his final years, the castle became Richard's favourite residence, and writs and charters were written at Château Gaillard bearing " apud Bellum Castrum de Rupe " ( at the Fair Castle of the Rock ).

During these years, Paris increasingly became the writer's main residence.

On Saturday, November 1, 1800, John Adams became the first president to take residence in the building.

Having changed residence frequently with his family as a child, Gibson became a shy, ungainly teenager who often read science fiction.

First mentioned as the " Citadel of București " in 1459, it became a residence of the Wallachian prince Vlad III the Impaler.

From 1555 to 1798 the castle became residence to the bailiffs and then to the prefects sent by Fribourg.

Thus, the mountains that were believed to be the residence of spirits in pre-Buddhist times became the sites of Buddhist temples.

The Alhambra became palace, citadel and fortress, and was the residence of the Nasrid sultans and their senior officials, including servants of the court and elite soldiers ( 13th-14th centuries ).

He took up residence in San Francisco, California, where his act became well-known to Hollywood stars.

When Rome was united to the Kingdom of Italy, the Quirinale became the residence of the kings until 1946.

By Otto's marriage to Eilika, daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony, the Ascanians became heirs to half of the property of the House of Billung, former dukes of Saxony.

Restored twice with the support of both Emperor and Pope, the Medici in 1537 became hereditary dukes of Florence, and in 1569 Grand Dukes of Tuscany, ruling for two centuries.

At this time, many local dukes saw it as a chance to oppose the hegemony of Emperor Charles V. The empire then became fatally divided along religious lines, with the north, the east, and many of the major cities — Strasbourg, Frankfurt and Nuremberg — becoming Protestant while the southern and western regions largely remained Catholic.

The Electors of Regensburg ( who had succeeded to the Mainz vote ), Würzburg ( who had succeeded to the Salzburg vote ), and Baden ( a new electorate ) became grand dukes.

After Boleslaw's death, the Duchy of Pomerania regained independence, before the dukes became vassals of Denmark and the Holy Roman Empire in the late 12th century.

In 1345, the bishops became Imperial immediate dukes in their secular reign.

The Zähringer dynasty ended with the death of Berchtold V in 1218, and their cities subsequently became reichsfrei ( essentially a city-state within the Holy Roman Empire ), while the dukes of Kyburg competed with the house of Habsburg over control of the rural regions of the former Zähringer territory.

The dukes of Saxony became kings ( Henry I, the Fowler, 919 ) and later the first emperors ( Henry's son, Otto I, the Great ) of Germany during the 10th century, but they lost this position in 1024.

The Conradines became dukes of Franconia, while the Babenbergs lost their influence in Franconia.

Both Schleswig and Holstein were therefore administered from Copenhagen, even after the Empire's dissolution, when the Danish kings as dukes of Holstein became monarchs of the German Confederation in 1815.

In 1721, when the Great Northern War ended, the dukes of Gottorf lost their power and their land became Danish crown land.

In 1260, it became the residence of the dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg, and in 1293 the settlement was granted a town charter.

In the 10th century Rouen became the capital of the Duchy of Normandy and residence of the dukes, until William the Conqueror established his castle at Caen.

With the death of Ottokar the first line of rulers of Styria became extinct ; the region fell successively to the Babenberg family, rulers of Austria, as stipulated in the Georgenberg Pact ; after their extinction to the control of Hungary ( 1254 – 60 ); to King Ottokar of Bohemia ; in 1276 to the Habsburgs, who provided it with Habsburgs for Styrian dukes during the years 1379-1439 and 1564-1619.

In 1514, Charles of Egmond, duke of Guelders, took it from the dukes of Burgundy ; in 1543, it fell to the emperor Charles V. As capital of the so-called " Kwartier van Veluwe " it joined the Union of Utrecht in 1579 and became part of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces of the Netherlands in 1585.

All five of Edward III's surviving sons eventually became dukes.

As the titles from the HRE were taken over after its dissolution, or in Italy after their territories became independent of the Empire, both countries also had a share of fully sovereign dukes.

During the rule of the Árpád dinasty dukes held territorial powers, some of them even minted coins, but later this title became more often nominal.

The dukes of Burgundy systematically became the lord of different provinces.

* Visconti, the leading noble family that became ruling dukes of Milan, apparently taking its surname from a returning crusader Ottone who was created Visconte of Milan

When the Danes had to surrender the Pomeranian lands south of the Ryck after losing the Battle of Bornhöved in 1227, the town became of particular interest to the Pomeranian dukes.

In 1793 the bathing resort of Heiligendamm ( today a borough of Bad Doberan ) was established, and the region became a summer residence for the dukes of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

The Varangian dynasty of Ruriks became dukes in the neighboring Duchy of Kiev.