The field was pioneered by staff of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of American Ethnology, men such as John Wesley Powell and Frank Hamilton Cushing.

This was based on a design pioneered at IBM Research ( the IBM 801 ).

The concept of an armored SPAAG was pioneered by Hungary during World War II Hungary by producing the 40M Nimrod based on the Luftvärnskanonvagn L-62 Anti II license acquired from Sweden.

Electrothermal AAS ( ET AAS ) using graphite tube atomizers was pioneered by Boris V. L ’ vov at the Saint Petersburg Polytechnical Institute, Russia, since the late 1950s, and further investigated by Hans Massmann at the Institute of Spectrochemistry and Applied Spectroscopy ( ISAS ) in Dortmund, Germany.

The research with high-resolution ( HR ) CS AAS was pioneered by the groups of O ’ Haver and Harnly in the USA, who also developed the ( up until now ) only simultaneous multi-element spectrometer for this technique.

Capp was also involved with the Sister Kenny Foundation, which pioneered new treatments for polio in the 1940s.

Nevertheless, it was the French mathematician Pierre-Simon Laplace, who pioneered and popularised what is now called Bayesian probability.

Some have stated that the secret of concrete was lost for 13 centuries until 1756, when the British engineer John Smeaton pioneered the use of hydraulic lime in concrete, using pebbles and powdered brick as aggregate.

Caving was pioneered by Édouard-Alfred Martel ( 1859 – 1938 ) who first achieved the descent and exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, France as early as 1889 and the first complete descent of a 110 metre wet vertical shaft at Gaping Gill, in Yorkshire, England in 1895.

The technology of manipulating electron beams pioneered in these early tubes was applied practically in the design of vacuum tubes, particularly in the invention of the cathode ray tube by Ferdinand Braun in 1897. and is today employed in sophisticated devices such as electron microscopes, electron beam lithography, and particle accelerators.

He was sure no one could play that articulately with just the thumb and index finger ( which was exactly how Travis played ) and he assumed it required the thumb and two fingers — and that was the style he pioneered and mastered.

Chic's was formed by Nile Rodgers a self described " street hippie " from late 1960s New York and Martin Dow DJ at from Key West, Florida who pioneered the NYC sound across that state.

The use of a sequence of experiments, where the design of each may depend on the results of previous experiments, including the possible decision to stop experimenting, is within the scope of Sequential analysis, a field that was pioneered by Abraham Wald in the context of sequential tests of statistical hypotheses.

Before the advent of government-funded public schools, the primary mode of education for those of the lower classes was the charity school, pioneered during the 19th century by Protestant organizations and adapted for use by the Roman Catholic Church and governmental bodies.

Its most infamous proponent and practitioner was, however, Adolf Hitler who praised and incorporated eugenic ideas in Mein Kampf and emulated Eugenic legislation for the sterilization of " defectives " that had been pioneered in the United States.

His musical fantasy One from the Heart, although it pioneered the use of video-editing techniques which are standard practice in the film industry today, ended with a disastrous box-office gross of $ 636, 796 against a US $ 26 million budget, far from enough to recoup the costs incurred in the production of the movie, and he was forced to sell his 23-acre Zoetrope Studio in 1983.

The use of metal aircraft structures was pioneered before World War I by Breguet but would find its biggest proponent with Anthony Fokker who used chrome-molybdenum steel tubing for the fuselage structure of all his fighter designs, while the innovative German engineer Hugo Junkers developed two all-metal, single-seat fighter monoplane designs with cantilever wings: the strictly experimental Junkers J 2 private-venture aircraft, made with steel, and some forty examples of the Junkers D. I, made with corrugated duralumin, all based on his experience in creating the pioneering Junkers J 1 all-metal airframe technology demonstration aircraft of late 1915.

Hayek's greatest intellectual debt was to Carl Menger, who pioneered an approach to social explanation similar to that developed in Britain by Bernard Mandeville and the Scottish moral philosophers in the Scottish Enlightenment.

The Georgi – Glashow model was preceded by the Semisimple Lie algebra Pati – Salam model by Abdus Salam and Jogesh Pati, who pioneered the idea to unify gauge interactions.

Its nascent form was pioneered in the late 1980s in the music of hardcore punk band Infest, who mixed youth crew hardcore elements with noisier, sludgier qualities of Lärm and Siege.

In iodine-131 ( radioiodine ) radioisotope therapy, which was first pioneered by Dr. Saul Hertz, radioactive iodine-131 is given orally ( either by pill or liquid ) on a one-time basis, to severely restrict, or altogether destroy the function of a hyperactive thyroid gland.

Hermann Ebbinghaus ( January 24, 1850 — February 26, 1909 ) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory, and is known for his discovery of the forgetting curve and the spacing effect.

Flotation, an important mineral separation process, was pioneered in Broken Hill and numerous efforts were being made in various locations around the world to refine this process.

Her face was very thin, and burned by the sun until much of the skin was dead and peeling, the new skin under it red and angry.

Gavin's stallion was in the barn and he tightened the cinches over the saddle blanket, working by touch in the darkness, comforting the animal with easy words.

It was pierced by a wagon gate built of two wings.

In the brief moment I had to talk to them before I took my post on the ring of defenses, I indicated I was sickened by the methods men employed to live and trade on the river.

His face was split by a vermilion streak, his eyes were pools of white ; ;

It was pitiful to see the thin ranks of warriors, old and young, wheeling and twisting their ponies frantically from side to side only to be tumbled bleeding from their saddles by the relentless slam, slam of the cruelly efficient Hawkinses.

He grabbed her by the shoulders and went down on one knee, taking her weight so that some of the wind was driven out of him.

There was an artificial lake just out of sight in the first stand of trees, fed by a half dozen springs that popped out of the ground above the hillside orchard.

only the counter at one end was lighted by a long fluorescent tube suspended directly above it.

He had looked over my forms and was impressed by what he had seen there ; ;

The office was of logs, four rooms, each heated by an iron stove.

The building was dwarfed by the scene outside.

It was partially cemented by ages and pressure, yet it crumpled before the onslaught of the powerful streams, the force of a thousand fire hoses, and with the gold it held washed down through the long sluices.

Even Hague was repelled by the machinelike deadliness that was Kodyke.

When they reached their neighbor's house, Pamela said a few polite words to Grace and kissed Melissa lightly on the forehead, the impulse prompted by a stray thought -- of the type to which she was frequently subject these days -- that they might never see one another again.

She was sure she would reach the pool by climbing, and she clung to that belief despite the increasing number of obstacles.

It was secured by an oversized padlock.

The rustling problem was by no means solved.

Jess's coarse features twisted in a surprised grin which was smashed out of shape by Curt's fist.

Russ ran through the bills and named an amount it was highly unlikely any cowpuncher would come by honestly.

The truth was, the puncher was both bewildered and dismayed by his own mixed luck.

When it was followed by a second, whining even closer, Cobb swerved sharply aside into a depression.