Pentecost then discusses the location of this campaign, and mentions the " hill of Megiddo " and other geographic locations such as " the valley of Jehoshaphat " and " the valley of the passengers ", " Lord coming from Edom or Idumea, south of Jerusalem, when He returns from the judgment "; and Jerusalem itself.

In response to a call for aid from Alexius, the First Crusade assembled at Constantinople in 1096, but declining to put itself under Byzantine command set out for Jerusalem on its own account.

The document presents itself as written by James: " I, James, wrote this history in Jerusalem.

Jews were banned from living in Jerusalem itself ( a ban that persisted until the Arab conquest ) and the Roman province, until then known as Iudaea Province, was renamed Palaestina, no other revolt led to a province being renamed.

The crusaders arrived at Jerusalem in June 1099 ; a few of the neighbouring towns ( Ramla, Lydda, Bethlehem, and others ) were taken first, and Jerusalem itself was captured on July 15.

Heraclius offered the " keys of the Holy Sepulchre, those of the Tower of David and the banner of the Kingdom of Jerusalem ", but not the crown itself, to both Philip II of France and Henry II of England ; the latter, as a grandson of Fulk, was a first cousin of the royal family of Jerusalem, and had promised to go on crusade after the murder of Thomas Becket.

In the cities, Muslims and Eastern Christians were free, although no Muslims were permitted to live in Jerusalem itself.

In Jerusalem itself the greatest architectural endeavour was the expansion of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in western Gothic style.

" One notable contrast with the speeches recorded by Robert the Monk, Guibert of Nogent and Baldric of Dol is the lesser emphasis on Jerusalem itself, which Urban only once mentions as his own focus of concern: in the letter to the Flemish he writes, " they Turks have seized the Holy City of Christ, embellished by his passion and resurrection, and blasphemy to say — have sold her and her churches into abominable slavery.

Urban II refers to liberating the church as a whole or the eastern churches generally rather than to reconquering Jerusalem itself.

The term " Zionism " itself is derived from the word Zion (), referring to Jerusalem.

The Haute Cour decided that Baldwin would rule the north of the kingdom and Melisende the richer Judea and Samaria, and Jerusalem itself.

Interestingly the commentary in the translation of Abdullah Y. Ali-which is the most widespread English translation of the Qur ' an-indicate that this group in fact were the Arabs and not Jews: " The Qibla of Jerusalem might itself have seemed strange to the Arabs, and the change from it to the Ka ' ba might have seemed strange after they had become used to the other.

A regiment from each brigade was to leave the attack column and extend the breach by rushing perpendicular to the crater, while the remaining regiments were to rush through, seizing the Jerusalem Plank Road just beyond, followed by the churchyard and, if possible, Petersburg itself.

In the mid-1230s, Frederick's viceroy was forced to leave Acre, and in 1244, following a siege, Jerusalem itself was lost again to a new Muslim offensive.

At the end of the 1948 Arab – Israeli War, the hotel found itself overlooking " no-man ’ s land " on the armistice line that divided Jerusalem into Israeli and Jordanian territory.

Ayyubid Sultan Saladin had conquered most of the Frankish Kingdom of Jerusalem, including the ancient city itself, in 1187.

The 4th century apocryphal text that is called the Acts of Pilate presents itself in a preface ( missing in some MSS ) as derived from the official acts preserved in the praetorium at Jerusalem.

Jerusalem has been divided to form other towns in the county: in 1803, the Town of Benton was taken from Jerusalem, and itself later divided to make other towns.

Each Jewish community would associate itself with one of the three yeshivot ; Jews living around the Mediterranean typically followed the yeshiva in Jerusalem, while those living in the Arabian Peninsula and modern-day Iraq and Iran typically followed one of the two yeshivot in Baghdad.

But there was a contrast even more decisive than a hunger for fact between the Trial in Jerusalem and those in Moscow and New York.

If anti-Semitism was on trial in Jerusalem, why was it not identified, and with enough emphasis to capture the notice of the world press, in its connection with the activities of Eichmann's Department of Jewish Affairs, as exemplified by the betrayal and murder of Jews by non-police and non-party anti-Semites in Germany, as well as in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary??

Ward had originally written the music, Materna, for the hymn O Mother dear, Jerusalem in 1882, though it was not first published until 1892.

It was originally one of between 50 to 70 verses of a song titled " Jerusalem, My Happy Home " that first appeared in a 1790 book called A Collection of Sacred Ballads:

After this deed he fled to Talmai, the king of Geshur () ( see also or ), his maternal grandfather, and it was not until three years later that he was fully reinstated in his father's favour and finally returned to Jerusalem.

Another monument near Jerusalem ( not the modern " Absalom Tomb "-" Yad Avshalom " which is of later origin ) was erected by Absalom in his lifetime to perpetuate his name ():

He certainly corresponded with Elias III, the Patriarch of Jerusalem, and possibly sent a mission to India in honour of Saint Thomas the Apostle, whose tomb was believed to lie in that country.

Alypius was afterwards commissioned to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem as part of Julian's systematic attempt to reverse the Christianization of the Roman Empire by restoring pagan and, in this case, Jewish practices.

Amalric I of Jerusalem ( also Amaury or Aimery ) ( 1136 – 11 July 1174 ) was King of Jerusalem 1163 – 1174, and Count of Jaffa and Ascalon before his accession.

Amalric was the second son of Melisende of Jerusalem and Fulk of Jerusalem, and succeeded his older brother Baldwin III.

He was the father of three future rulers of Jerusalem, Sibylla, Baldwin IV, and Isabella I.

Amalric, who had been given the County of Jaffa as an apanage when he reached the age of majority in 1151, remained loyal to Melisende in Jerusalem, and when Baldwin invaded the south, Amalric was besieged in the Tower of David with his mother.

Jerusalem thus turned its attention to Egypt, where the Fatimid dynasty was suffering from a series of young caliphs and civil wars.

Now Jerusalem was surrounded by hostile enemies.

Saladin's rise to Sultan was an unexpected reprieve for Jerusalem, as Nur ad-Din was now preoccupied with reining in his powerful vassal.

On the way back after giving up the siege he fell ill from dysentery, which was ameliorated by doctors but turned into a fever in Jerusalem.

" He is considered the last of the " early " kings of Jerusalem, after whom there was no king able to save Jerusalem from its eventual collapse.

Amalric II of Jerusalem or Amalric I of Cyprus, born Amalric of Lusignan ( 1145 – 1 April 1205 ), King of Jerusalem 1197 – 1205, was an older brother of Guy of Lusignan.

Agnes, daughter of Joscelin II of Edessa, had lived in Jerusalem since the western regions of the former crusader County of Edessa were lost in 1150.

Jerusalem also lost influence to Byzantium in northern Syria when the Empire imposed its suzerainty over the Principality of Antioch.

The Fatimids, under the nominal rule of caliph al-Musta ' li but actually controlled by vizier al-Afdal Shahanshah, had lost Jerusalem to the Seljuqs in 1073 ; they recaptured it in 1098 from the Artuqids, a smaller Turkish tribe associated with the Seljuqs, just before the arrival of the crusaders.

Upon the death of the pro-western Emperor Manuel in 1180, the Kingdom of Jerusalem lost its most powerful ally.

Jakob Bernays suggested that he based his narrative of the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus on the account given by Tacitus in his Histories, a portion of which has been lost.

Because Judaism forbids pronouncing the name outside the Temple in Jerusalem, the correct pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton may have been lost, as the original Hebrew texts only included consonants.

Under the peace treaty, the Byzantines regained all their lost territories, their captured soldiers, a war indemnity, and of great spiritual significance, the True Cross and other relics that were lost in Jerusalem in 614.

In the space of three days, 80, 000 are lost in Jerusalem, 40, 000 meeting a violent death, and the same number being sold into slavery.

After 1499, the de jure rights of Jerusalem and Cyprus were lost to the Savoy family.

In June 1967, as a result of what later became known as the Six-Day War Jordan lost control of the West Bank and east Jerusalem and saw its military shattered.

Tudor Parfitt, Professor of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London, has theorised that it was the Ark of the Covenant, lost from Jerusalem after the destruction by the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar in 587 BC.

* Allegedly a war cry of the Crusaders, described as an acronym for Hierosolyma est perdita ( Latin for " Jerusalem is lost ")

The Fatimids, under the nominal rule of caliph al-Musta ' li but actually controlled by vizier al-Afdal Shahanshah, had lost Jerusalem to the Seljuqs in 1073 ( although some older accounts say 1076 ); they recaptured it in 1098 from the Artuqids, a smaller Turkish tribe associated with the Seljuqs, just before the arrival of the crusaders.

According to an Armenian source, he had lost an eye on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem before the First Crusade, but this statement probably refers to the fact that he was one-eyed ( monoculus ).

Although he successfully captured Hisn al-Akrad, a fortress that would later become the important Krak des Chevaliers, his insistence on taking Tripoli delayed the march to Jerusalem, and he lost much of the support he had gained after Antioch.

The Byzantines had lost Jerusalem to the Seljuk Turks through warfare, and they were eager to seek western military support to reclaim that territory.

During this period his kingdom of Jerusalem, ruled by his father as regent through proxies, was racked by the War of the Lombards until Conrad declared his majority and his father's regency lost its validity.

" Hannah Arendt in her study of the " trial " of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem, notes that the accused, as with almost all his fellow Germans, had lost track of his conscience to the point where they hardly remembered it ; this wasn't caused by familiarity with atrocities or by psychologically redirecting any resultant natural pity to themselves for having to bear such an unpleasant duty, so much as by the fact that anyone whose conscience did develop doubts could see no one who shared them: " Eichmann did not need to close his ears to the voice of conscience ... not because he had none, but because his conscience spoke with a " respectable voice ", with the voice of the respectable society around him ".

In reality, after the Christians lost control of Jerusalem in 1244, it was not under Christian control again until 1917, when the British took it from the Ottomans.

Jerusalem lost in 1187 ; seat of the Patriarch moved to Acre.

Still living under the accusations of his brother's assassination, the guilt of which may have been determined by trial by combat, which he lost, he went to Jerusalem, either on pilgrimage, as a penance, or as part of the First Crusade, and perished there between 1097 and 1099.

… he argues that since Shoshenq ’ s topographical list is incomplete, Jerusalem ( and presumably every other important fortified town in Judah ) may have been lost in a lacuna.