* Mitochondrial Eve, the matrilineal most recent common ancestor of modern humans

After analysing genealogy trees constructed using 133 types of mtDNA, researchers concluded that all were descended from a female African progenitor, dubbed Mitochondrial Eve.

While earliest known fossils of anatomically modern humans date from around 195, 000 years ago, the matrilinear most recent common ancestor shared by all living humans ( dubbed Mitochondrial Eve ), is dated to about 120-150 thousand years ago.

* Mitochondrial Eve

Mitochondrial Eve ( mt-mrca ) is the name given by researchers to the woman who, by matrilineal reckoning, is the most recent common ancestor ( mrca ) for all living humans.

The time she lived is calculated scientifically, based on the molecular clock technique of correlating elapsed time with observed genetic drift, see Mitochondrial Eve.

* Mitochondrial Eve, the oldest female ancestor of all humans alive.

In the field of human genetics, Mitochondrial Eve refers to the matrilineal most recent common ancestor ( MRCA ) of modern humans.

Mitochondrial Eve is the female counterpart of Y-chromosomal Adam, the patrilineal most recent common ancestor, although they lived thousands of years apart.

But none of the female contemporaries of the " Mitochondrial Eve " has descendants living now in an unbroken female line.

Mitochondrial Eve is estimated to have lived around 200, 000 years ago, most likely in East Africa, when Homo sapiens sapiens ( anatomically modern humans ) were developing as a population distinct from other human sub-species.

Mitochondrial Eve lived later than Homo heidelbergensis and the emergence of Homo neanderthalensis, but earlier than the out of Africa migration.

Through Genetic drift | random drift or selection the female-lineage will trace back to a single female, such as Mitochondrial Eve.

This leads to the construction of a DNA family tree where the branches are in biological terms clades, and the common ancestors such as Mitochondrial Eve sit at branching points in this tree.

The mitochondrial clade which Mitochondrial Eve defines is the species Homo sapiens sapiens itself, or at least the current population or " chronospecies " as it exists today.

The variation of mitochondrial DNA between different people can be used to estimate the time back to a common ancestor, such as Mitochondrial Eve.

Mitochondrial Eve is the most recent common matrilineal ancestor for all modern humans.

The date when Mitochondrial Eve lived is estimated by determining the MRCA of a sample of mtDNA lineages.

Mitochondrial Eve is the most recent common matrilineal ancestor, not the most recent common ancestor ( MRCA ).

This is far more recent than Mitochondrial Eve.

*" Y-chromosomal Adam ", the most recent male-line common ancestor of all living men, was much more recent than Mitochondrial Eve, but is also likely to have been long before the Identical ancestors point.

* Mitochondrial Eve, the most recent female-line common ancestor of all living people.

Initially there was a lot of resistance against the Mitochondrial Eve hypothesis.

Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup Y is otherwise found mainly among Nivkhs, and with lower frequency among Tungusic peoples, Koreans, Mongols ( including Kalmyks and Buryats ), Chinese, Japanese, Central Asians, South Siberian Turkic peoples ( e. g. Tuvans, Todjins, Soyots ), Koryaks, Alyutors, Itelmens, Taiwanese aborigines, Filipinos, Indonesians, and Malaysians.

MAC, also called " Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization Pore " is regulated by various proteins, such as those encoded by the mammalian Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptopic genes, the homologs of the ced-9 gene found in C. elegans.

Mitochondrial ATP production is also vital for cell division in addition to other basic functions in the cell including the regulation of cell volume, solute concentration, and cellular architecture.

Mitochondrial DNA extracted from eastern North American wolves killed in the 1800s is not of gray wolf origin.

* In River Out of Eden, Richard Dawkins discusses human ancestry in the context of a river of genes and shows that Mitochondrial Eve is one of the many common ancestors we can trace back to via different gene pathways.

* Krishna Kunchithapadam, " What, if anything, is a Mitochondrial Eve?

Mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA or mDNA ) is the DNA located in organelles called mitochondria, structures within eukaryotic cells that convert the chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ).

The concept of the Mitochondrial Eve is based on the same type of analysis, attempting to discover the origin of humanity by tracking the lineage back in time.

Mitochondrial DNA is inherited almost exclusively through the female line ; all children inherit it only from their mothers.

Mitochondrial hexokinase is highly elevated in rapidly-growing malignant tumor cells, with levels up to 200 times higher than normal tissues.

Mitochondrial DNA, however, is strictly inherited from the mother and each mitochondrial organelle typically contains multiple mtDNA copies ( see Heteroplasmy ).

Mitochondrial disease may become clinically apparent once the number of affected mitochondria reaches a certain level ; this phenomenon is called " threshold expression ".

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes.

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes.

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes.

* Mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel, the cytochrome c release pore of apoptotic mitochondria

Mitochondrial DNA was discovered in the 1960s by Margit M. K. Nass and Sylvan Nass by electron microscopy as DNase-sensitive thread inside mitochondria, and by Ellen Haslbrunner, Hans Tuppy and Gottfried Schatz by biochemical assays on highly purified mitochondrial fractions.

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell.

Mitochondrial diseases are often caused by genetics or mutations to the mitochondrial DNA that affect mitochondria function.

Mitochondrial diseases take on unique characteristics both because of the way the diseases are often inherited and because mitochondria are so critical to cell function.

Mitochondrial diseases as a rule are worse when the defective mitochondria are present in the muscles, cerebrum, or nerves, because these cells use more energy than most other cells in the body.

* Mitochondrial permeability transition, a loss of impermeability of the membranes of mitochondria that occurs under some pathological conditions such as traumatic brain injury

* Mitochondrial permeability transition, a loss of impermeability of the membranes of mitochondria that occurs under some pathological conditions such as traumatic brain injury

Mitochondrial ferritin was recently identified as a protein precursor, and is classified as a metal-binding protein that is located within the mitochondria.

In 1999, his book The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging was published, in which he writes that obviating damage to mitochondrial DNA might by itself extend lifespan significantly, though he said it was more likely that cumulative damage to mitochondria is a significant cause of senescence, but not the single dominant cause.

Mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) is located inside mitochondria organelles, exists in multiple copies, and is also tightly associated with a number of proteins to form a complex known as the nucleoid.

* Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter, a crucial calcium channel newly discovered in a human cell's mitochondria

* Mitochondrial DNA — useful in organisation of nucleoid of mitochondria

* ( G71. 3 ) Mitochondrial myopathies, which are due to defects in mitochondria, which provide a critical source of energy for muscle