Molecular clouds may collide with each other, or a nearby supernova explosion can be a trigger, sending shocked matter into the cloud at very high speeds.

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

* Center for Responsible Nanotechnology ( see especially " Molecular Manufacturing Concepts ")

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

Molecular set theory was introduced by Anthony Bartholomay, and its applications were developed in mathematical biology and especially in Mathematical Medicine.

* Joint Committee on Atomic and Molecular Physical Data ( another well-known standard, especially for spectroscopic data )

Molecular sieves are often utilized in the petroleum industry, especially for the purification of gas streams and in the chemistry laboratory for separating compounds and drying reaction starting materials.

Rawlings began initiatives in certain areas of science and engineering that he considered especially important to the future ( such as bioinformatics, computational biology, computer and information sciences, genomics, and materials science ), and began plans for Weill Hall, a large new life sciences building which houses the Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology.

* ( 2006 ): Molecular phylogeny of the extinct giant deer, Megaloceros giganteus.

Molecular absorption, in contrast, is much broader, so that it is more likely that some molecular absorption band will overlap with an atomic line.

She is the head of a research group, which is located in the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and working on a wide range of biological disciplines encompassing molecular biology, biochemistry, cellular immunology and intracellular neurophysiology.

* Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the process of replication, transcription and translation of the genetic material.

** Molecular dynamics, the study of motion on the molecular level

Molecular chemistry deals with the laws governing the interaction between molecules that results in the formation and breakage of chemical bonds, while molecular physics deals with the laws governing their structure and properties.

Molecular orbitals are usually constructed by combining atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule, or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms.

Molecular surgical tools, guided by molecular computers and injected into the blood stream could find and destroy cancer cells or invading bacteria, unclog arteries, or provide oxygen when the circulation is impaired.

Drexler argues that we may need to wait until our conventional nanotechnology improves before solving these issues: " Molecular manufacturing will result from a series of advances in molecular machine systems, much as the first Moon landing resulted from a series of advances in liquid-fuel rocket systems.

* The primary technical reference work on this topic is Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, an in-depth, physics-based analysis of a particular class of potential nanomachines and molecular manufacturing systems, with extensive analyses of their feasibility and performance.

Molecular mass is sometimes called molecular weight.

Molecular nanotechnology is a speculative subfield of nanotechnology regarding the possibility of engineering molecular assemblers, machines which could re-order matter at a molecular or atomic scale.

Molecular phylogenetics has also been used to estimate the dates when species diverged, but there is controversy about the reliability of the molecular clock on which such estimates depend.

Molecular genetic testing by linkage analysis or direct mutation screening is available clinically ; however, genetic heterogeneity is a significant complication to molecular genetic testing.

Molecular spectra can be obtained due to electron spin states ( electron paramagnetic resonance ), molecular rotations, molecular vibration and electronic states.

* Chemistry: Molecular theory — Kinetic theory of gases — Molecular orbital theory — Valence bond theory — Transition state theory — RRKM theory — Chemical graph theory — Flory-Huggins solution theory — Marcus theory — Lewis theory ( successor to Brønsted – Lowry acid – base theory ) — HSAB theory — Debye – Hückel theory — Thermodynamic theory of polymer elasticity — Reptation theory — Polymer field theory — Møller – Plesset perturbation theory — Density Functional Theory — Frontier molecular orbital theory — Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory — Baeyer strain theory — Quantum theory of atoms in molecules — Collision theory — Ligand field theory ( successor to Crystal field theory ) — Variational Transition State Theory — Benson group increment theory — Specific ion interaction theory

; Molecular modelling: Methods for modelling molecular structures without necessarily referring to quantum mechanics.

* Molecular physics: The discipline of the electrons surrounding the molecular nuclei and of movement of the nuclei.

* Molecular replacement – if a related structure is known, it can be used as a search model in molecular replacement to determine the orientation and position of the molecules within the unit cell.

Molecular electronics, sometimes called moletronics, involves the study and application of molecular building blocks for the fabrication of electronic components.

Molecular electronics comprises two related but separate subdisciplines: molecular materials for electronics utilizes the properties of the molecules to affect the bulk properties of a material, while molecular scale electronics focuses on single-molecule applications.

GMCs are so large that " local " ones can cover a significant fraction of a constellation ; thus they are often referred to by the name of that constellation, e. g. the Orion Molecular Cloud ( OMC ) or the Taurus Molecular Cloud ( TMC ).

Other fields where chemical degrees are useful include Astrochemistry ( and Cosmochemistry ), Atmospheric chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemo-informatics, Electrochemistry, Environmental science, Forensic science, Geochemistry, Green chemistry, History of chemistry, Materials science, Medical science, Molecular Biology, Molecular genetics, Nanotechnology, Nuclear chemistry, Oenology, Organometallic chemistry, Petrochemistry, Pharmacology, Photochemistry, Phytochemistry, Polymer chemistry, Supramolecular chemistry and Surface chemistry.

*" Microscope Objectives: Numerical Aperture and Resolution " by Mortimer Abramowitz and Michael W. Davidson, Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer ( website ), Florida State University, April 22, 2004.

* Center for Molecular Medicine ( CMM ), a research institute in Sweden

* Alexander Rosenberg ( 2006 ), Darwinian Reductionism or How to Stop Worrying and Love Molecular Biology.

Other research centres in or near Grenoble include the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ( ESRF ), the Institut Laue-Langevin ( ILL ), the European Molecular Biology Laboratory ( EMBL ), and one of the Commissariat à l ' Énergie Atomique ( Nuclear Energy Commission )( CEA ) main research facilities.

* Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., Walter, P., ( 2002 ), Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fourth Edition, ( 428-429 ) Garland Science, 0-8153-4072-9 ( Web Edition, Free access )

Molecular analysis suggests that the hexapods diverged from their sister group, the Anostraca ( fairy shrimps ), at around the start of the Silurian period-coinciding with the appearance of vascular plants on land.

“ Hybrid PNA / DNA Nanosystems .” In 1st International Conference on Nanoscale / Molecular Mechanics ( N-M2-I ), Outrigger Wailea Resort, Maui, Hawaii.

Israel has joined the European Union's Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development ( FP ) in 1994, and is a member of the European Organization for Nuclear Research ( CERN ), the European Molecular Biology Organization ( EMBO ) and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory ( EMBL ).

NCBI provides Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, the Molecular Modeling Database ( 3D protein structures ), dbSNP ( a database of single-nucleotide polymorphisms ), the Unique Human Gene Sequence Collection, a map of the human genome, a taxonomy browser, and coordinates with the National Cancer Institute to provide the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project.

Some notable examples are Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology ( ISMB ), European Conference on Computational Biology ( ECCB ) and Research in Computational Molecular Biology ( RECOMB ).

In 2005 and 2007 studies, a geneticist with the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation showed " with 99. 9 percent accuracy " that five of these individuals were in fact not Smith descendants: Mosiah Hancock ( son of Clarissa Reed Hancock ), Oliver Buell ( son of Prescindia Huntington Buell ), Moroni Llewellyn Pratt ( son of Mary Ann Frost Pratt ), Zebulon Jacobs ( son of Zina Diantha Huntington Jacobs Smith ), and Orrison Smith ( son of Fanny Alger ).

( Wind energy ), Power Technologies Inc. ( Schenectady, USA, energy industry software and training ), CTI Molecular Imaging ( Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems ), Myrio ( IPTV systems ), Shaw Power Technologoes International Ltd ( UK / USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from Shaw Group ), and Transmitton ( Ashby de la Zouch UK, rail and other industry control and asset management ).