Molecular diffusion, often called simply diffusion, is the thermal motion of all ( liquid or gas ) particles at temperatures above absolute zero.

* Molecular diffusion of gases

Molecular diffusion from a microscopic and macroscopic point of view.

** Molecular diffusivity ( often called " diffusion coefficient ")

Molecular diffusion | Diffusion is an example of the law of large numbers, applied to chemistry.

Molecular diffusion will slowly evolve the parcel properties.

* Molecular diffusion

# REDIRECT Molecular diffusion

* Molecular diffusion, spontaneous dispersion of mass ( distinct from migration, caused by an external force )

* Molecular diffusion

Molecular diffusion controls mixing of soluble organic compounds into groundwater and transport of oxygen from underlying groundwater or the capillary fringe of the groundwater surface to micro-organisms capable of catabolizing dissolved organic compounds remaining in the effluent plume.

* Molecular diffusion

Molecular diffusion in tissues is not free, but reflects interactions with many obstacles, such as macromolecules, fibers, membranes, etc.

Molecular absorption, in contrast, is much broader, so that it is more likely that some molecular absorption band will overlap with an atomic line.

She is the head of a research group, which is located in the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and working on a wide range of biological disciplines encompassing molecular biology, biochemistry, cellular immunology and intracellular neurophysiology.

* Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the process of replication, transcription and translation of the genetic material.

Molecular distillation is vacuum distillation below the pressure of 0. 01 torr.

Molecular distillation is used industrially for purification of oils.

Molecular evidence suggests that between 8 and 4 million years ago, first the gorillas, and then the chimpanzees ( genus Pan ) split off from the line leading to the humans ; human DNA is approximately 98. 4 % identical to that of chimpanzees when comparing single nucleotide polymorphisms ( see human evolutionary genetics ).

Molecular oxygen ( O < sub > 2 </ sub >) is an extremely efficient quencher of fluorescence just because of its unusual triplet ground state.

Molecular orbitals ( MOs ) represent regions in a molecule where an electron is likely to be found.

For instance, polyethylene ( PE ) is a cheap, low friction polymer commonly used to make disposable shopping bags and trash bags, and is considered a commodity plastic, whereas medium-density polyethylene ( MDPE ) is used for underground gas and water pipes, and another variety called Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene UHMWPE is an engineering plastic which is used extensively as the glide rails for industrial equipment and the low-friction socket in implanted hip joints.

Molecular nanotechnology ( MNT ) is a technology based on the ability to build structures to complex, atomic specifications by means of mechanosynthesis.

Molecular surgical tools, guided by molecular computers and injected into the blood stream could find and destroy cancer cells or invading bacteria, unclog arteries, or provide oxygen when the circulation is impaired.

Molecular nanotechnology is one of the technologies that some analysts believe could lead to a Technological Singularity.

* The primary technical reference work on this topic is Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, an in-depth, physics-based analysis of a particular class of potential nanomachines and molecular manufacturing systems, with extensive analyses of their feasibility and performance.

Nanosystems is closely based on Drexler's MIT doctoral dissertation, " Molecular Machinery and Manufacturing with Applications to Computation ".

Molecular mass is sometimes called molecular weight.

Molecular hydrogen is difficult to detect by infrared and radio observations, so the molecule most often used to determine the presence of H < sub > 2 </ sub > is CO ( carbon monoxide ).

Molecular excitons typically have characteristic lifetimes on the order of nanoseconds, after which the ground electronic state is restored and the molecule undergoes photon or phonon emission.

Atomic models will consist of a single nucleus that may be surrounded by one or more bound electrons, whilst molecular models are typically concerned with Molecular Hydrogen and it's Molecular hydrogen ion.

Molecular biophysics typically addresses biological questions similar to those in biochemistry and molecular biology, but more quantitatively.

Molecular models typically describe atoms ( nucleus and electrons collectively ) as point charges with an associated mass.

Molecular inks are typically composed of small molecules that are coated onto a DPN tip and are delivered to the surface through a water meniscus.

PAO systems were described in BC Crandall's Nanotechnology: Molecular Speculations on Global Abundance in the Brian Wowk article " Phased-Array Optics.

In 1994, his paper Molecular Computation of Solutions To Combinatorial Problems described the experimental use of DNA as a computational system.

Molecular analyses indicated that the 18S rDNA sequences of these sacs were indistinguishable from those of PKX, and the PKX organism was scientifically described as Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae Canning, Curry, Feist, Longshaw & Okamura 1999, which has been assigned to a new class, the Malacosporea within the phylum Myxozoa.

Molecular covalent bonds can be described as polar or nonpolar.

" Molecular biologists, using phylogenetics, can compare protein amino acid or nucleotide sequence homology ( i. e., similarity ) to infer taxonomy and evolutionary distances among organisms, but with limited statistical confidence.

In 1992, Drexler published Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, a detailed proposal for synthesizing stiff covalent structures using a table-top factory.

Molecular studies have been made on dugong populations using mitochondrial DNA.

Molecular studies of these viruses can now be achieved using genetic approaches to mutate the BAC while it resides in bacteria.

A., S. Chao, and S. Liu, 2007: Molecular breeding using a major QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat.

Molecular diagnostics using the mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) cytochrome b gene can differentiate A. m. scutellata from other A. mellifera lineages, though mtDNA only allows one to detect an Africanized colony that has an Africanized queen, and not colonies where a European queen has mated with Africanized drones.

Molecular clock users have developed workaround solutions using a number of statistical approaches including maximum likelihood techniques and later Bayesian modeling.

NAMD ( Not ( just ) Another Molecular Dynamics program ) is a free-of-charge molecular dynamics simulation package written using the Charm ++ parallel programming model, noted for its parallel efficiency and often used to simulate large systems ( millions of atoms ).

It was developed in Slater's Solid State and Molecular Theory Group ( SSMTG ) at MIT using the resources of the Cooperative Computing Laboratory.

Molecular geometry can be roughly represented using a structural formula.

* “ Ready, aim, fire !” At the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology in Potsdam-Golm plant cells are ‘ bombarded ’ using a particle gun

* A simulation using the Molecular Workbench software

The central theme of the Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases ( CMMID ) is “ Animal Model of Diseases .” The faculty specializes in using various animal models that include not only traditional laboratory animal models ( mice and rats ), but also non-traditional ( chickens, pigs, dogs, fish, crab, equine ) animal models.

With higher performance processors and tools to rapidly create the volumetric tessellations, real-time finite element systems began to be used in games, beginning with Star Wars: The Force Unleashed that used Digital Molecular Matter for the deformation and destruction effects of wood, steel, flesh and pants using an algorithm developed by Dr. James O ' Brien as a part of his PhD thesis.

Computer software for performing likelihood tests of pedigree relationship using genetic markers Molecular Ecology 8: 1231-1234.

* A simulation using the Molecular Workbench software

* Molecular graphics images were produced using the UCSF Chimera package from the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco ( supported by NIH P41 RR-01081 ).