While it is well known that Leonin composed a great deal of organum, it was the innovations of Perotin, who spent much of his time revising the organum purum of Leonin, that caused generations of organum and motet composers to exploit the principles of the rhythmic modes.

The motet that became the main ' object ' of compositional creativity in the fourteenth century is rooted in the lifetime of Perotin and his works.

In monophonic song, be it chant or a conductus simplex by Perotin, there is no need to vary from the classical standards for declamation that were a rooted tradition at the time, going back to St. Augustine, De Musica.

An example of a Notre Dame motet is Salve, salus hominum / O radians stella / nostrum by Perotin, composed between 1180 and 1238.

c. 1200 ), also called Perotin the Great, was a European composer, believed to be French, who lived around the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century.

Again according to Anonymous IV, Perotin wrote a number of replacement clausulae from organa dupla by Leonin.

* Articles Anonymous theoretical writings, Organum, Leonin, Perotin, The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed.

Von Leonin zu Perotin: Der musikalische Paradigmenwechsel in Paris um 1210.

program notes to The Hilliard Ensemble: Perotin.

* Perotin.

The history of Organum would not be complete without two of its greatest innovators, Leonin and Perotin.

" The innovations of Leonin and Perotin mark the development of the rhythmic modes.

The presence of Leonin and Perotin at the Notre Dame School made Paris the center of the musical world in the 12th century.

Perotin further developed discantus in three part Organum ( Organum Triplum ) where both organal voices are in discantus.

Perotin even went as far as composing two four-part organa ( quadrupla ), Viderunt omnes and Sederunt principes which were performed in Notre Dame in 1198 on New Year's Day and in 1199 on the feast of St. Stephen ( a decree of Odon de Sully, Bishop of Paris, exists which stipulates the performance of ' organa tripla vel quadrupla ') Apart from organa, Perotin extended the form of the Aquitanian Versus which was henceforth called conductus.

Perotin set several texts by Philippe le Chancelier, while some texts refer to contemporary events.

As the tenor in Leonin's organa dupla in discant sections proceeds always in the 5th mode ( all longs in a rhythmic group ordine ), Perotin, who was a generation removed from Leonin, saw fit to improve them by introducing different modes for the tenor and new melodic lines for the dupla, increasing the rhythmic organization and diversity of the section.

The earliest motets are the Notre Dame motets, written by composers such as Leonin and Perotin during the 13th century.

( The best evidence is that he received a monthly wage of about $125, very good money in an era when top hands worked for $30 and found.

This is puzzling to an outsider conscious of the classic tradition of liberalism, because it is clear that these Democrats who are left-of-center are at opposite poles from the liberal Jefferson, who held that the best government was the least government.

Most of them sincerely believe that the Anglo-Saxon is the best race in the world and that it should remain pure.

The best gifts of the novelist will be wasted on the reader who is insulated against any surprises the novelist may have in store for him.

And the best way to conceal and disguise the elements of an incest story is not to set out to write an incest story.

There is probably some significance in the fact that two of the best incest stories I have encountered in recent years are burlesques of the incest myth.

All we want from Dr. Huxley's statement is the feeling that this is an open world, in the view of the best scientific opinion, with practically no directional commitments as to what may happen next, and no important confinements with respect to what may be possible.

Here, on a desk, is a stack of pamphlets representing the efforts of some of the best men of the day to penetrate these questions.

She was exposing herself to temptation which it is best to avoid where it can consistently be done.

Hammarskjold's supposed desire to seek outside legal advice in the guise of Ernest Gross is illusion, at best.

Though versatile and capable of turning out a ballad lyric with the best of them, Mercer's forte is a highly polished quasi-folk wit.

A truism is that the time to prepare for the worst is when times are best.

If it is not one of his best books, it can only be considered unsatisfactory when compared with his own Garibaldi.

Of the three volumes, Blenheim is easily the best.

Next best to destroying an army is to deprive it of its freedom of action.

His credulity is perhaps best illustrated in his introduction to The Emancipation Of Massachusetts, which purports to examine the trials of Moses and to draw a parallel between the leader of the Israelite exodus from Egypt and the leadership of the Puritan clergy in colonial New England.

Easily the best known of these three novels is The Space Merchants, a good example of a science-fiction dystopia which extrapolates much more than the impact of science on human life, though its most important warning is in this area, namely as to the use to which discoveries in the behavioral sciences may be put.

If it proclaims that the best is yet to be, it always arouses, at least in the young, either a suspicious question or perhaps the exclamation of the Negro youth who saw on a tombstone the inscription, `` I am not dead but sleeping ''.

We saw Giuseppe Berto at a party once in a while, tall, lean, nervous and handsome, and, in our opinion, the best novelist of them all except Pavese, and Pavese is dead.

Considering what is being done compared to what needs to be done, it behooves the hospital management to do some mighty careful planning toward making the best possible use of the increase granted.

Probably the best answer to this kind of entering wedge is congressional action requiring the Federal Communications Commission to ban such advertising through its licensing power.

Since it is not far from Viareggio, he will visit Puccini's house, as he never fails to do, to pay his respects to the memory of the composer of La Boheme, which he considers one of Puccini's masterpieces.

Arlen is one of the few ( possibly the only ) composer Mercer has been able to work with so closely, for they held their meetings in Arlen's study.

He is probably our most original composer ; ;

But now, under the guidance of the contemporary composer Marc Schlek, Jr., a major revival is under way.

The title refers to the nickname given his wife by the composer, who is also a member of the National Film Board of Canada.

Like Mr. Loesser, Jerry Herman is both composer and lyriist for Milk And Honey ( R. C. A. Victor LOC 1065 ; ;

An American in Paris is a symphonic tone poem by the American composer George Gershwin, written in 1928.

Gershwin collaborated on the original program notes with the critic and composer Deems Taylor, noting that: " My purpose here is to portray the impression of an American visitor in Paris as he strolls about the city and listens to various street noises and absorbs the French atmosphere.

Possibly the most notable current version of " America the Beautiful " is the setting for band and symphonic orchestra by the late arranger / conductor / composer Carmen Dragon.

A notable exception is the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich, whose symphonies use the theme of angst in post-World War II compositions depicting Russian strife during the war.

The first known instance of Newton's lines joined to music was in A Companion to the Countess of Huntingdon's Hymns ( London, 1808 ), where it is set to the tune " Hephzibah " by English composer John Jenkins Husband.

* 1888 – An audio recording of English composer Arthur Sullivan's " The Lost Chord ", one of the first recordings of music ever made, is played during a press conference introducing Thomas Edison's phonograph in London, England.

Best known in his time as a publisher, he is most familiar today as the composer of the waltz on which Ludwig van Beethoven wrote his set of thirty-three Diabelli Variations.

Berg is remembered as one of the most important composers of the 20th century and to date is the most widely performed opera composer among the Second Viennese School.

Amr Abdul-Basset Abdul-Azeez Diab (; born 11 October 1961 ) is an Egyptian singer and composer of geel music ; he is the contemporary face of Egyptian el-geel pop music, according to World Music.

Göran Bror Benny Andersson () ( born 16 December 1946 ), known professionally as Benny Andersson, is a Swedish musician, composer, former member of the Swedish musical group ABBA ( 1972 – 1983 ), and co-composer of the musicals Chess, Kristina från Duvemåla, and Mamma Mia !.

He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century and is regarded, along with Liszt, as Hungary's greatest composer ( Gillies 2001 ).

* The third of composer Karl Amadeus Hartmann's 1929 – 30 composition Wachsfigurenkabinett: Fünf kleine Opern ( Waxworks: Five Little Operas ) is entitled ' Chaplin-Ford-Trot ', and features the character of Charlie Chaplin ( in a speaking rather than operatic role ).

Ludwig van Beethoven is also sometimes regarded either as a Romantic composer or a composer who was part of the transition to the Romantic.

One composer who was influential in spreading the more serious style that Mozart and Haydn had formed is Muzio Clementi, a gifted virtuoso pianist who tied with Mozart in a musical " duel " before the emperor in which they each improvised and performed their compositions.

The film is also notable for its memorable theme by Greek composer Vangelis, who won an Academy Award for Best Original Score.