The history of Organum would not be complete without two of its greatest innovators, Leonin and Perotin.

Perotin " is the best composer of Discantus ," according to Anonymous IV, an English student, writing ca. 1275, who has provided at least a few morsels of factual information on Paris Organum and its composers.

* Articles Anonymous theoretical writings, Organum, Leonin, Perotin, The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed.

The earliest motets are the Notre Dame motets, written by composers such as Leonin and Perotin during the 13th century.

c. 1200 ), also called Perotin the Great, was a European composer, believed to be French, who lived around the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century.

Von Leonin zu Perotin: Der musikalische Paradigmenwechsel in Paris um 1210.

program notes to The Hilliard Ensemble: Perotin.

* Perotin.

" The innovations of Leonin and Perotin mark the development of the rhythmic modes.

While it is well known that Leonin composed a great deal of organum, it was the innovations of Perotin, who spent much of his time revising the organum purum of Leonin, that caused generations of organum and motet composers to exploit the principles of the rhythmic modes.

The motet that became the main ' object ' of compositional creativity in the fourteenth century is rooted in the lifetime of Perotin and his works.

The presence of Leonin and Perotin at the Notre Dame School made Paris the center of the musical world in the 12th century.

Perotin even went as far as composing two four-part organa ( quadrupla ), Viderunt omnes and Sederunt principes which were performed in Notre Dame in 1198 on New Year's Day and in 1199 on the feast of St. Stephen ( a decree of Odon de Sully, Bishop of Paris, exists which stipulates the performance of ' organa tripla vel quadrupla ') Apart from organa, Perotin extended the form of the Aquitanian Versus which was henceforth called conductus.

Perotin set several texts by Philippe le Chancelier, while some texts refer to contemporary events.

Again according to Anonymous IV, Perotin wrote a number of replacement clausulae from organa dupla by Leonin.

As the tenor in Leonin's organa dupla in discant sections proceeds always in the 5th mode ( all longs in a rhythmic group ordine ), Perotin, who was a generation removed from Leonin, saw fit to improve them by introducing different modes for the tenor and new melodic lines for the dupla, increasing the rhythmic organization and diversity of the section.

In monophonic song, be it chant or a conductus simplex by Perotin, there is no need to vary from the classical standards for declamation that were a rooted tradition at the time, going back to St. Augustine, De Musica.

An example of a Notre Dame motet is Salve, salus hominum / O radians stella / nostrum by Perotin, composed between 1180 and 1238.

In one of the very few letters in which he ever complained of Meynell, Thompson told Patmore of his distress at having had to leave London before this new friendship had developed further: ``

and ( C ) to finance, for not more than three years beyond the end of said period, such activities as are required to correlate, coordinate, and round out the results of studies and research undertaken pursuant to this Act: Provided, That funds available in any one year for research and development may, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State to assure that such activities are consistent with the foreign policy objectives of the United States, be expended in cooperation with public or private agencies in foreign countries in the development of processes useful to the program in the United States: And provided further, That every such contract or agreement made with any public or private agency in a foreign country shall contain provisions effective to insure that the results or information developed in connection therewith shall be available without cost to the United States for the use of the United States throughout the world and for the use of the general public within the United States.

By the time of the Ynglinga Saga, Snorri had developed his concept of Asgard further, although the differences might be accounted for by his sources.

These three propositions were further developed by his followers, who maintained that God revealed Himself in a threefold revelation, the first in the Biblical patriarch Abraham, marking the epoch of the Father ; the second in Jesus Christ, who began the epoch of the Son ; and the third in Amalric and his disciples, who inaugurated the era of the Holy Ghost.

Abadan is thought to have been further developed into a major port city under the Abbasids ' rule.

As a framework for his coherent duality theory he also introduced derived categories, which were further developed by Verdier.

Written in 1991, this latter opus of about 2000 pages further developed the homotopical ideas begun in Pursuing Stacks.

Bohr later developed the idea further, in 1951 publishing a paper which comprehensively treated the relationship between oscillations of the surface of the nucleus and the movement of the individual nucleons.

Apollonius in the Conics further developed a method that is so similar to analytic geometry that his work is sometimes thought to have anticipated the work of Descartes — by some 1800 years.

He further developed relations between the abscissas and the corresponding ordinates that are equivalent to rhetorical equations of curves.

By the 16th century, a cappella polyphony had further developed, but gradually, the cantata began to take the place of a cappella forms.

This topic was further developed in the 1930s by Alonso Church and Alan Turing, who on the one hand gave two independent but equivalent definitions of computability, and on the other gave concrete examples for undecidable questions.

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Later, an AMOS compiler was developed that further increased speed.

During this time he further developed and rehearsed his ideas and trained his soldiers, culminating in Exercise Tiger in May 1942, a combined forces exercise involving 100, 000 troops.

Bulgarian, along with the closely related Macedonian language ( collectively forming the East South Slavic languages ), has several characteristics that set it apart from all other Slavic languages: changes include the elimination of case declension, the development of a suffixed definite article ( see Balkan language area ) and the lack of a verb infinitive ; but it retains and has further developed the Proto-Slavic verb system.

The spermatophytes further developed into gymnosperms, plants that produce seeds not enclosed in an ovary.

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During and after the First World War, these concepts were further developed by generals, such as Oskar von Hutier and the Reichswehr.

A team of biologists convened by the World Wide Fund for Nature ( WWF ) developed an ecological land classification system that identified fourteen biomes, called major habitat types, and further divided the world's land area into 867 terrestrial ecoregions.

In the 20th century, the ideas of Laplace were further developed in two different directions, giving rise to objective and subjective currents in Bayesian practice.

By the 1961 Formula One season, the Lotus and Ferrari teams had developed the mid-engined approach further than Cooper.

The use of pathos was developed further with The Bank, released four films and four months later, as Chaplin chose to have a sad ending.

These tunes were then developed further in a close collaboration between the composer ( s ) and Chaplin.

Much of Chinese culture, literature and philosophy further developed during the Zhou Dynasty ( 1045 – 256 BC ).