Naturalistic dualism comes from Australian Philosopher, David Chalmers ( born 1966 ) who argues there is an explanatory gap between objective and subjective experience that cannot be bridged by reductionism because consciousness is, at least, logically autonomous of the physical properties upon which it supervenes.

Philosopher David L. Norton identified himself an " ethical individualist ," and, like Rand, saw a harmony between an individual's fidelity to his own self-actualization, or " personal destiny ," and the achievement of society's well being.

In the essay " Henry David Thoreau, Philosopher " Roderick Nash writes: " Thoreau left Concord in 1846 for the first of three trips to northern Maine.

Henry David Thoreau, Philosopher

Philosopher David Hume presented grounds to doubt deduction by questioning induction.

* David Nieto Sephardic Rabbi and Philosopher

Known by many as " The Occasional Philosopher ," a term coined by David Hume.

Philosopher David Hume and psychologist Jonathan Haidt both claim that morality is based more on perceptions than on logical reasoning.

Philosopher David Buller agrees with the general argument that the human mind has evolved over time but disagree with the specific claims evolutionary psychologists make.

* David Blitz – Philosopher

* Philosopher David Benatar, noted antinatalist and professor in the Department of Philosophy

Philosopher David Ingram argues that " affirming ' black pride ' is not equivalent to affirming ' white pride ,' since the former — unlike the latter — is a defensive strategy aimed at rectifying a negative stereotype ".

Philosopher and ecologist David Abram articulates and elaborates a form of hylozoism grounded in the phenomenology of sensory experience.

* Dante the Philosopher, translated by David Moore ( London: Sheed and Ward, 1952 )

* Mayer, David R. “ Akegarasu and Emerson: Kindred Spirits of Toshio Mori ’ s “ The Seventh Street Philosopher .” Amerasia Journal, 1990 ; 16. 2: 1-10.

*" A Philosopher Gone Wild ," in David D. Karnos and Robert G. Shoemaker, eds., Falling in Love with Wisdom: American Philosophers Talk About Their Calling ( New York: Oxford University Press, 1993 ).

* Alexander on Information Philosopher

* Daniel Dennett on Information Philosopher

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery ( ca.

* Karl Popper on Information Philosopher

* Mortimer Adler on Information Philosopher

Philosopher Jacques Derrida wrote on Voice.

* Information Philosopher on Schrödinger's cat More diagrams and an information creation explanation.

After the burning of the Tuileries Palace on May 23, 1871, Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche himself meditated about the " fight against culture ", wondering what could justify culture if it were to be destroyed in such a " senseless " manner ( the arguments are: culture is justified by works of art and scientific achievements ; exploitation is necessary to those achievements, leading to the creation of exploited people who then fight against culture.

Philosopher Elliott Sober states that not even reason itself can be justified on any reasonable grounds, and that we must start with first principles of some kind ( otherwise an infinite regress occurs ).

Philosopher Thomas Baldwin argues that Sartre's argument is based on a misunderstanding of Freud.

Philosopher Jürgen Habermas has described Foucault as a " crypto-normativist ", covertly reliant on the very Enlightenment principles he attempts to deconstruct.

* Determinism on Information Philosopher

* Philosopher. org-' Tips on Starting your own Socrates Cafe ', Christopher Phillips, Cecilia Phillips

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery ( ca.

Joseph Wright's picture " A Philosopher giving a Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun " ( ca.

Unlike many commentators on Euclid before and after him ( including of course Saccheri ), Khayyám was not trying to prove the parallel postulate as such but to derive it from an equivalent postulate he formulated from " the principles of the Philosopher " ( Aristotle ):

Berland, " The True Epicurean Philosopher: Some Influences on Frances Brooke's History of Emily Montague ," Dalhousie Review 66 ( 1986 ): 286-300.

Rogers-isms: the Cowboy Philosopher on the Peace Conference, ( 1919 ).

* Dialogue between a Christian Philosopher and a Chinese Philosopher on the Existence and Nature of God, tr.

Philosopher Thomas Baldwin argues that Sartre's argument is based on a misunderstanding of Freud.

Philosopher Stephen Pepper also distinguished between theories and models, and said in 1948 that general models and theories are predicated on a " root " metaphor that constrains how scientists theorize and model a phenomenon and thus arrive at testable hypotheses.

* On the True Philosopher and the True Philosophy — Essays on Swedenborg, ed.

But the Character and Philosopher is what he seems to pretend to, and to be a good deal conceited of: the Others are put on to comply with Les Manieres du Monde, but that you are to suppose his real characteristic ; and I can't but fancy he is a great Pretender in All kinds of Science, as well as that he really has acquired an uncommon Share in some '.

* Philosopher Samuel Clarke attacks the views of Henry Dodwell on the immortality of the soul.

* Philosopher Ken Wilber has written extensively on this, calling the omniscient view ( or subject – object distinction ) the fundamental modernist paradigm, and cataloging its effects on society, and in the way many subjects have been compressed into a " flat " view by this perspective

Philosopher Michael Sandel's book “ Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do ?” and Harry Frankfurt's " On Bullshit ” hold the uncommon distinction of having been written by professional philosophers but directed at and ultimately popular among a broader audience of non-philosophers.