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Philosophers and science

Category: Philosophers of science

Philosophers identify independent, logical reasoning as a precondition to most western science, engineering, economic and political theory.

Category: Philosophers of science

Philosophers such as Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach, along with other members of the Vienna Circle, claimed that the truths of logic and mathematics were tautologies, and those of science were verifiable empirical claims.

Category: Philosophers of science

Philosophers of science, such as Paul Feyerabend, argued that a distinction between science and nonscience is neither possible nor desirable.

Philosophers and historians of science, including Kuhn himself, ultimately accepted a modified version of Kuhn's model, which synthesizes his original view with the gradualist model that preceded it.

Category: Philosophers of science

Philosophers of science began to pay increasing attention to developments in biology, from the rise of the Modern synthesis in the 1930s and 1940s to the discovery of the structure of Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) in 1953 to more recent advances in genetic engineering.

Philosophers such as Pierre Duhem and Gaston Bachelard also wrote their works with this world-historical approach to science.

Category: Philosophers of science

* Dining Philosophers ( computer science )

Philosophers are less concerned with establishing fixed, controlled vocabularies than are researchers in computer science, while computer scientists are less involved in discussions of first principles, such as debating whether there are such things as fixed essences or whether entities must be ontologically more primary than processes.

Category: Philosophers of science

Philosophers and then

Philosophers offer definitions and explanations in solution to problems ; they argue for those solutions ; and then other philosophers provide counter arguments, expecting to eventually come up with better solutions.

Ibn Tufail wrote the first fictional Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan ( Philosophus Autodidactus ) as a response to al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus.

Ibn Tufail wrote the first fictional Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan ( Philosophus Autodidactus ) as a response to al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a fictional novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus.

The classical 12th century Islamic philosopher, Abubacer ( Ibn Tufail ), wrote a fictional Arabic narrative Philosophus Autodidactus as a response to al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then the 13th century Islamic theologian-philosopher Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a fictional narrative Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Abubacer's Philosophus Autodidactus.

Philosophers and began

Philosophers commonly referred to as Post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze ( all of whom began their careers within a Structuralist framework ), Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-François Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, Hélène Cixous, Luce Irigaray and, sometimes, the American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals they influenced ( e. g. Judith Butler, Jonathan Crary, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Hayden White ).

Wright confirmed to be starring in The Philosophers, an American production which began filming July 2011 in Jakarta, Indonesia.

In the spring term of 1993 he conducted the first Russia Symposium from which others sponsored by the Society of Christian Philosophers ( SCP ) have followed, and he began the China Symposia in the fall term of 1994 from which SCP symposia have followed every year since ( except 2003 ).

Philosophers and physicians more and more began to reject swaddling in the 18th century.

Philosophers in moral theory and rhetoric had taken defeasibility largely for granted when American epistemologists rediscovered Wittgenstein's thinking on the subject: John Ladd, Roderick Chisholm, Roderick Firth, Ernest Sosa, Robert Nozick, and John L. Pollock all began writing with new conviction about how appearance as red was only a defeasible reason for believing something to be red.

Philosophers and attention

Philosophers of various stripes paid more attention to literature than their predecessors did.

Philosophers and biology

Philosophers and scientists can work together at the borders between biology, social science and the humanities.

Philosophers of biology argue about whether biological species, like the Bald Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ), are natural kinds ; even such familiar species as bird, cat, and dog cannot be established as natural types, since any plausible definitions of those species leaves the classification of some animals ambiguous.

Category: Philosophers of biology

Philosophers and from

History and Definitions from Leading Philosophers

The only surviving complete works by Epicurus are three letters, which are to be found in book X of Diogenes Laertius ' Lives of Eminent Philosophers, and two groups of quotes: the Principal Doctrines, reported as well in Diogenes ' book X, and the Vatican Sayings, preserved in a manuscript from the Vatican Library.

* A History of Philosophy: Volume V: Modern Philosophy: The British Philosophers from Hobbes to Hume.

Philosophers across many traditions, from Stoicism to Buddhism, have suggested that a spiritual practice is essential for personal well being.

Philosophers know all too well, from dealing with for example the problem of substance and the problem of universals, that general " What is " questions ( ti esti questions ) give an overly simple appearance to what is in fact a very complex affair.

Philosophers distinguished veins from arteries, but thought the pulse was a property of arteries themselves.

Most of the details known about his life come from the anecdotes preserved by Diogenes Laërtius in his Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers.

Philosophers of the Enlightenment worked to insulate human free will from reductionism.

* Guthrie, W. K. C. ( 1968 ) The Greek Philosophers from Thales to Aristotle.

Idle is an accomplished songwriter, having composed and performed many of the Pythons ' most famous comic pieces, including " Eric the Half-a-Bee ", " The Philosophers ' Song ", " Galaxy Song ", " Penis Song ( Not the Noel Coward Song )" and, probably his most recognised hit, " Always Look on the Bright Side of Life ", which was written for the closing scene of the Monty Python film Life of Brian, and sung from the crosses during the mass crucifixion.

Philosophers and social psychologists have noted that pride is a complex secondary emotion which requires the development of a sense of self and the mastery of relevant conceptual distinctions ( e. g., that pride is distinct from happiness and joy ) through language-based interaction with others.

* Diogenes Laërtius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, translated by Charles Duke Yonge ( 1853 ) ( Uses a different method of enumerating the sections from the modern editions.

Category: Philosophers from Nishapur

Philosophers have tended to be more abstract in their analysis, and much of the work examining the viability of the belief concept stems from philosophical analysis.

* Directly linked to the Shield Hall, the Philosophers ’ Room takes its name from the twelve pictures of ancient philosophers which were set up here in the 18th century, to be later replaced with allegorical works and portraits of Doges.

In notes dating from 1525 to 1543 he identifies twelve paintings and one drawing as by Giorgione, of which five of the paintings are identified virtually unanimously with surviving works by art historians: The Tempest, The Three Philosophers, Sleeping Venus, Boy with an Arrow, and Shepherd with a Flute ( not all accept the last as by Giorgione however ).

* English translation of the Lives of the Philosophers and Sophists from the Tertullian Project.

Philosophers and scientists such as Victor Reppert, William Hasker and Alvin Plantinga have developed an argument for dualism dubbed the " Argument from Reason " and credit C. S.

Philosophers of mathematics sometimes assert that mathematicians choose axioms " arbitrarily ", but the truth is that although they may appear arbitrary when viewed only from the point of view of the canons of deductive logic, that is merely a limitation on the purposes that deductive logic serves.

* Molefi Kete Asante, professor, author: Afrocentricity: The theory of Social Change ; The Afrocentric Idea ; The Egyptian Philosophers: Ancient African Voices from Imhotep to Akhenaten

None of Diogenes ’ many writings has survived, but details of his life come in the form of anecdotes ( chreia ), especially from Diogenes Laërtius, in his book Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers.

After both of them had returned to England, one of the first, if not the first, books printed in England was Rivers ' translation from French of the Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers, printed by Caxton at Westminster in 1477.

According to Baird's Manual, nine undergraduates at Union College in Schenectady, New York — John Hart Hunter, John McGeoch, Isaac W. Jackson, Thomas Hun, Orlando Meads, James Proudfit, and Joseph Anthony Constant of the class of 1826, and Arthur Burtis and Joseph Law of the Class of 1827 — established the Society on November 26, 1825 from an informal group calling itself The Philosophers, which was established by Hunter, Jackson, and Hun in 1823.

Philosophers whose inspiration is more ontological, e. g. Heidegger, emphasize the uncovering of Being from the perspective of the experiencing human being, and how the world is revealed to this experiencing entity within a realm of things.

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