Physicists and acoustic engineers tend to discuss sound pressure levels in terms of frequencies, partly because this is how our ears interpret sound.

Physicists have also developed other MRI-based techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( for measuring some key metabolites such as N-acetylaspartate and lactate within the living brain ) and diffusion tensor imaging ( for mapping white matter tracts within the living brain ).

Physicists working on the project adopted the name " barn " for a unit equal to 10 < sup >− 24 </ sup > square centimetres, about the size of a uranium nucleus.

* Arfken, George B. and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th edition ( Harcourt: San Diego, 2005 ).

An Advanced Treatment for Chemists and Physicists, North-Holland, Amsterdam.

Physicists struggled with this problem, which later became known as the ultraviolet catastrophe, unsuccessfully for many years.

Physicists began to understand the concept of a black hole, and to identify quasars as one of these objects ' astrophysical manifestations.

Biographies of Famous Electrochemists and Physicists Contributed to Understanding of Electricity.

Physicists assumed, morever, that like mechanical waves, light waves required a medium for propagation, and thus required Huygens's idea of an aether " gas " permeating all space.

Physicists also call one-dimensional orthogonal projectors pure states and other density operators mixed states.

Physicists Gustave le Bon and P. Audollet and spiritualist

Physicists can measure when they can find the operations by which they may meet the necessary criteria ; psychologists have but to do the same.

Physicists often use the way each interpretation deals with Schrödinger's cat as a way of illustrating and comparing the particular features, strengths, and weaknesses of each interpretation.

Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call " vacuum " or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space.

) Physicists have not found any natural process which would be predicted to form a wormhole naturally in the context of general relativity, although the quantum foam hypothesis is sometimes used to suggest that tiny wormholes might appear and disappear spontaneously at the Planck scale, and stable versions of such wormholes have been suggested as dark matter candidates.

Physicists were initially uncertain of the nature of X-rays, although it was soon suspected ( correctly ) that they were waves of electromagnetic radiation, in other words, another form of light.

* Physicists develop M-theory.

Physicists have long been aware that there are solutions to the theory of general relativity which contain closed timelike curves, or CTCs — see for example the Gödel metric.

Physicists showed in the 1920s that in gas at extremely low densities, electrons can populate excited metastable energy levels in atoms and ions which at higher densities are rapidly de-excited by collisions.

Physicists have testified at United States Congressional hearings, however, that weapons with yields of 10 kilotons ( 42 TJ ) or less can produce a very large EMP.

Physicists who study the electrical properties of matter at the microscopic level use a closely related and more general vector equation, sometimes also referred to as Ohm's law, having variables that are closely related to the V, I, and R scalar variables of Ohm's law, but which are each functions of position within the conductor.

Physicists from across Europe ( and sometimes further abroad ) often visited the Institute to confer with Bohr on new theories and discoveries.

Physicists coordinate the beams so that they collide at the centers of two 5, 000-ton detectors DØ and CDF inside the Tevatron tunnel at energies of 1. 96 TeV, revealing the structure of matter at the smallest scale.

Physicists would contribute by assessing the changes in light transmission in the receiving waters.

This and other limitations of the unit lead many computer engineers to define MIPS as Meaningless Indicator of Processor Speed.

" Some structural engineers define a highrise as any vertical construction for which wind is a more significant load factor than earthquake or weight.

* Most building engineers, inspectors, architects and similar professions define a high-rise as a building that is at least 75 feet ( 23 m ) tall.

Technical writers more commonly collaborate with subject matter experts ( SMEs ), such as engineers, medical professionals, or other types of clients to define and then create content ( documentation ) that meets the user's needs.

However, on January 21, 2006, the President of Syria Bashar al-Assad stated in a speech before the convention of the Arab Lawyers Union in Damascus and translated into English by SANA, the official state news agency of Syria that there are two legal requirements for demarcating the border: first, the complaint must be registered with the UN ; and second, engineers must precisely define the border.

Automotive engineers define understeer and oversteer based on changes in steering angle associated with changes in lateral acceleration over a sequence of steady-state circular turning tests.

This has led to a confusion in terminology in that tunnelling engineers use " NATM " to mean different things: some define it as a special technique, but others as a sort of philosophy.

Rather than purchase off-the-shelf components, loudspeaker design engineers often define desired performance and work backwards to a set of parameters and manufacture a driver with said characteristics or order it from a driver manufacturer.

" Jaguar engineers were involved from the very beginning of the V6 diesel programme within the main project team of Ford Motor Company and PSA Peugeot-Citroen to help define the base engine specification and technologies necessary to deliver the high standards of power, refinement and drivability expected of a Jaguar ," says the joint press release.

Needing a better way to define smoother passages of music, WET engineers developed the Oarsman nozzle, a robotic water jet that can be moved 120 degrees from side to side, to front and back, grouped with a pod of lights that follow the water stream.

For some dedicated server providers, fully managed is defined as having a web based control panel while other providers define it as having dedicated system engineers readily available to handle all server and network related functions of the dedicated server provider.

From an initial design point of view, engineers often use a quantity termed the specific speed to identify the most suitable pump type for a particular combination of flow rate and head.

Site engineers work alongside architects and construction managers, supervisors, planners, quantity surveyors, the general workforce, as well as subcontractors.

This increased competition, and a core reduction in quantity demand is in parallel with a possible shift in the demand for construction engineers due to the automation of many engineering tasks, overall resulting in reduced prospects for construction engineers.

To this end, a vast quantity of bridging material was collected, along with 2, 300 vehicles to carry it and 9, 000 engineers to assemble it.

Surveyors work closely with architects, planners, quantity surveyors, engineers, homeowners and tenants groups.

The subsequent enquiry found that the failure arose because engineers had specified the supply of a quantity of flat steel plate.

To quantify the ease with which a particular medium conducts, engineers employ the thermal conductivity, also known as the conductivity constant or conduction coefficient, k. In thermal conductivity k is defined as " the quantity of heat, Q, transmitted in time ( t ) through a thickness ( L ), in a direction normal to a surface of area ( A ), due to a temperature difference ( ΔT ) [...].

The design usually consists of drawings and specifications, usually prepared by a design team including surveyors, civil engineers, cost engineers ( or quantity surveyors ), mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, structural engineers, fire protection engineers, planning consultants, architectural consultants, and archaeological consultants.

In the construction industry, they work closely with architects, civil engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, quantity surveyors, and construction managers.

Arup became structural engineers for the project, and Davis Langdon & Everest ( now Davis Langdon ) quantity surveyors.

Buro Happold ( engineers and transport consultants ), Charcoalblue ( theatre consultants ), Mace ( construction managers ), Acoustic Dimensions ( acoustic consultants ), Drivers Jonas Deloitte ( project management and strategic planning advisors ) and Gardiner and Theobald ( quantity surveyors and planning supervisors ).

With the exception of the study by van Schijndel et al., which was purely theoretical, the measurements carried out for the other studies were used to provide design charts enabling engineers to estimate the quantity of air transferred by a door in function of the revolution rate and temperature contrast.

In the 1960s and 1970s the multidisciplinary approach was successfully employed in the UK by architects, engineers and quantity surveyors working together on major public sector construction projects and, together with planners, sociologists, geographers and economists, on overseas regional and urban planning projects.