In July 1916, “ former LC staff member Elizabeth West, director of the Carnegie Library of San Antonio, Texas, suggested to Putnam that the Library of Congress cooperate with other libraries to send books to American soldiers .”

Later Putnam suggested that while Gödel's theorems cannot be applied to humans, since they make mistakes and are therefore inconsistent, it may be applied to the human faculty of science or mathematics in general.

Social capital is defined by Robert D. Putnam as " the collective value of all social networks and species ( who people know ) and the inclinations that arise from these works to do things for each other ( norms of reciprocity ).

However, as Putnam notes in Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community ( 2000 ), social capital has been falling in the United States.

This results in a decline in " social capital ", described by Putnam as " the collective value of all ' social networks ' and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other ".

According to Putnam and his followers, social capital is a key component to building and maintaining democracy.

Robert Putnam has used the concept in a much more positive light: though he was at first careful to argue that social capital was a neutral term, stating “ whether or not shared are praiseworthy is, of course, entirely another matter ”, his work on American society tends to frame social capital as a producer of " civic engagement " and also a broad societal measure of communal health.

Robert D. Putnam, in his book Bowling Alone makes the argument that social capital is linked to the recent decline in American political participation.

According to Robert Putnam, social capital " refers to the collective value of all ' social networks ' and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other.

" According to Putnam and his followers, social capital is a key component to building and maintaining democracy.

Putnam says that social capital is declining in the United States.

Putnam believes that social capital can be measured by the amount of trust and " reciprocity " in a community or between individuals.

Fukuyama believes that bridging social capital ( a term coined by Putnam in Bowling Alone ), is essential for a strong social capital because a broader radius of trust will enable connections across borders of all sorts and serve as a basis for organizations.

" Writing before the proliferation of the internet, Putnam claims to have found an overall decline in social capital ( really civic engagement ) in America over the past fifty years, a trend that may have significant implications for American society.

Putnam speaks of two main components of the concept: bonding social capital and bridging social capital, the creation of which Putnam credits to Ross Gittel and Avis Vidal.

Typical examples are that criminal gangs create bonding social capital, while choirs and bowling clubs ( hence the title, as Putnam lamented their decline ) create bridging social capital.

Bridging social capital is argued to have a host of other benefits for societies, governments, individuals, and communities ; Putnam likes to note that joining an organization cuts in half an individual's chance of dying within the next year.

Putnam ( 2000 ) mentions in his book Bowling Alone, " Child development is powerfully shaped by social capital " and continues " presence of social capital has been linked to various positive outcomes, particularly in education ".

The biggest advocate for seeing social capital as a geographical subject was American economist and political scientist, Robert Putnam.

* Samuel Putnam publishes his new translation of Don Quixote, the first in what we would consider modern English.

Although Putnam ’ s administration would need time in order to collect, organize, and disseminate all of the material within the Library of Congress ’ collection, the task was completed with enormous success.

But with so much invested in buildings, little money remained for books or administration … Putnam took the matter up directly with the War Department and obtained assurances that the government would provide utilities.

It was clear Putnam was not willing to withdraw completely from the world of librarianship, stating “ I would willingly surrender the administration, if that course would serve the interest of the library and I could feel assured as to my successor .” Putnam provided the suggestion of “ Librarian Emeritus ” be developed as his new official title, with an honorarium of one-half of his original salary.

Hilary Putnam has argued that any theory of mathematical realism would include quasi-empirical methods.

On April 4, 1966, Putnam announced there would be a name-the-team contest.

Earhart and Putnam would not move in immediately, however, as they decided to very considerably remodel and enlarge the existing small structure to meet their needs thus delaying their occupation of their new home for some months.

An addition that would later form part of the city of Warr Acres, Putnam City was developed by state lawmaker Israel Putnam in 1909.

A truly international culture of mathematics would, Putnam and others ( 1983 )

All of these albums would combine pop, bar-band rock, country, folk, and reggae influences with the professional production of Norbert Putnam.

In the first chapter of his book, Putnam claims that the thought experiment is inconsistent on the grounds that a brain born in a vat could not have the sort of history and interaction with the world that would allow its thoughts or words to be about the vat that it is in.

In 2010 The Florida Independent reported that Putnam had earmarked $ 100, 000 for an abscission chemical used in citrus harvesting that The Florida Independent said would benefit his family's citrus business.

This distinction would hold until Putnam left the House in 2011.

In February 2009, Putnam declared himself a candidate for Florida Commissioner of Agriculture in the 2010 election and that he would complete his 5th term in Congress.

At the meeting, Putnam relayed his desire to come to the Library for work and that his office would be down the hall from MacLeish ’ s.

Anticipating that the British would next attack New York, General George Washington moved his army there to assist General Putnam in the defensive preparations, a task complicated by the large number of potential landing sites for a British force.

Following appearances in a few other bands, including ( recently reformed ) George H. Brown ( a blues rock act whose song " Foreplay with a Tree Shredder " would later be recorded by Anal Cunt for the album Top 40 Hits ), From Sloth to Anger, and Post Mortem, Seth Putnam and Tim Morse decided to reform Anal Cunt on March 1, 1991, exactly 3 years after they had initially formed.

Indeed, this was a friendship that would continue, as Putnam and Martin would join forces later in Adolf Satan and acoustic black metal band Impaled Northern Moonforest.

Critics such as sociologist Claude Fischer argue that ( a ) Putnam concentrates on organizational forms of social capital, and pays much less attention to networks of interpersonal social capital ; ( b ) neglects the emergence of new forms of supportive organizations on and off the Internet ; and ( c ) the 1960s are a misleading baseline because the era had an unusually high number of traditional organizations.

Putnam now serves as head of media & investor relations for LRAD Corporation.

Later work by Putnam also suggests that social capital, and the associated growth of public trust are inhibited by immigration and rising racial diversity in communities.

People in diverse communities " don ’ t trust the local mayor, they don ’ t trust the local paper, they don ’ t trust other people and they don ’ t trust institutions ," writes Putnam.

More than 50 % of all the population of Livingston County is located in the southeastern communities of Brighton Township, Genoa Township, Hamburg Township, Green Oak Township, the Village of Pinckney, Putnam Township and the City of Brighton.

Greencastle and the surrounding Putnam County communities are home to 17 historical sites according to the National Register of Historical Places.

It flows generally northwest, in a winding course on the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau, through Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam and Mason Counties, past the cities of Charleston and St. Albans and numerous smaller communities.

Since the publication of Bowling Alone, Putnam has worked on efforts to revive American social capital, notably through the Saguaro Seminar, a series of meetings among academics, civil society leaders, commentators, and politicians to discuss strategies to re-connect Americans with their communities.

In recent years, Putnam has been engaged in a comprehensive study of the relationship between trust within communities and their ethnic diversity.

It also includes the southern and eastern tips of Bradford County, the west edge of northern Putnam County, the northeast and north central parts of Pasco county, and the Steinhatchee and Tennile communities in extreme southern Taylor County.

* Nipmuck District serves the following communities: Ashford, Brooklyn, Canterbury, Chaplin, Columbia, Coventry, Danielson, Eastford, Hampton, Killingly, Lebanon, Mansfield, Moosup, Plainfield, Pomfret, Putnam, Quinebaug, Scotland, Stafford, Stafford Springs, Sterling, Storrs, Thompson, Willimantic, Willington, Windham and Woodstock