Quantum fluctuations in the microscopic inflationary region, magnified to cosmic size, become the seeds for the growth of structure in the universe ( see galaxy formation and evolution and structure formation ).

: For the alternative non-standard theory see: Quantum evolution ( alternative ).

Quantum evolution is a component of George Gaylord Simpson's multi-tempoed theory of evolutionary change, proposed to explain the rapid emergence of higher taxonomic groups.

Quantum evolution differed from these styles of change in that it involved a drastic shift in the adaptive zones of certain classes of animals.

The phase transitions leading to the production of cosmic strings are likely to have occurred during the earliest moments of the universe's evolution, just after cosmological inflation, and are a fairly generic prediction in both Quantum field theory and String theory models of the Early universe.

Quantum determinism means that given a present wave function, its future changes are uniquely determined by the evolution operator.

Quantum evolution built upon Sewall Wright's theory of random genetic drift.

Figure 3: Quantum flip-flop: Time evolution of combined ground and 1st excited state Wigner function for the simple harmonic oscillator.

* Quantum evolution

PETSCII was also supported by the nationwide online service Quantum Link.

Holly was depicted in the Quantum Leap episode entitled " How the Tess Was Won " although his identity isn't revealed until the very end of the episode.

The idea of MWI originated in Everett's Princeton Ph. D. thesis " The Theory of the Universal Wavefunction ", developed under his thesis advisor John Archibald Wheeler, a shorter summary of which was published in 1957 entitled " Relative State Formulation of Quantum Mechanics " ( Wheeler contributed the title " relative state "; Everett originally called his approach the " Correlation Interpretation ", where " correlation " refers to quantum entanglement ).

Quantum mechanics was developed with the aim of describing atoms and explaining the observed spectral lines in a measurement apparatus.

This has been demonstrated in the famous Lamb-Retherford experiment and was the starting point for the development of the theory of Quantum electrodynamics ( which is able to deal with these vacuum fluctuations and employs the famous Feynman diagrams for approximations using perturbation theory ).

He was a founding member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science.

One of the first start-ups to design MIPS processors was Quantum Effect Devices ( see next section ).

Physicist Lee Smolin writes in Three Roads to Quantum Gravity that topos theory is " the right form of logic for cosmology " ( page 30 ) and " In its first forms it was called ' intuitionistic logic '" ( page 31 ).

* In 1983 Robert Anton Wilson published a non-fiction book called Prometheus Rising ( which was followed by Quantum Psychology )

Quantum mechanics was initially developed to provide a better explanation of the atom, especially the differences in the spectra of light emitted by different isotopes of the same element.

It was first demonstrated by a team at the Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the University of Innsbruck in Austria in December 2005.

The title of Series V was revealed to be Enterprise, with Scott Bakula, of Quantum Leap fame, playing Captain Jeffrey Archer, a name that was quickly changed to Jonathan Archer due to fan feedback.

The Sinclair QL ( for Quantum Leap ), was a personal computer launched by Sinclair Research in 1984, as the successor to the Sinclair ZX Spectrum.

" Transgressing the Boundaries: Towards a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity " was the only article submitted by a natural scientist.

The editors argued that, in that context, Sokal's article, " Transgressing the Boundaries: Towards a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity ", was a fraudulent betrayal of their trust.

In their defense, the Social Text editors said they believed that " Transgressing the Boundaries: Towards a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity " " was the earnest attempt of a professional scientist to seek some kind of affirmation from postmodern philosophy for developments in his field " and that " its status as parody does not alter, substantially, our interest in the piece, itself, as a symptomatic document.

A portion of this Super Bowl was " predicted " in the January 17, 1990 episode of another NBC series, Quantum Leap.

The Dirac delta function as such was introduced as a " convenient notation " by Paul Dirac in his influential 1930 book Principles of Quantum Mechanics.

He was a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science.

He inspired the formation of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science and was an early member.

Quantum Leap is an American television series that was broadcast on NBC from March 26, 1989 to May 5, 1993, for a total of five seasons.

In 2006 he co-authored the controversial review article Quantum Field Theory: Where We Are to be published in the book An Assessment of Current Paradigms in the Physics of Fundamental Phenomena.

Quantum mechanics has very accurately demonstrated this hypothesis, and the relation has been shown explicitly for particles as large as molecules.

For instance, James G. Gilson has constructed a " Quantum Theory of Gravity " based loosely on Dirac's large number hypothesis.

A more advanced Quantum II Hyperdrive introduced later is able to cover the same distance in one and a quarter minutes ( 420, 768 x c ).

* Andreas S Kronfeld Quantum chromodynamics with advanced computing

His contributions to the field, according to Boehm ( 1997 ) himself, include " the Constructive Cost Model ( COCOMO ), the Spiral Model of the software process, the Theory W ( win-win ) approach to software management and requirements determination and two advanced software engineering environments: the TRW Software Productivity System and Quantum Leap Environment ".

Quantum states of a particle and an antiparticle can be interchanged by applying the charge conjugation ( C ), parity ( P ), and time reversal ( T ) operators.

Quantum brute force is easily defeated by doubling the key length, which has little extra computational cost in ordinary use.

According to a poll at a Quantum Mechanics workshop in 1997 ,< ref > the Copenhagen interpretation is the most widely-accepted specific interpretation of quantum mechanics, followed by the many-worlds interpretation.

Fine, Do Correlations need to be explained ?, in Philosophical Consequences of Quantum Theory: Reflections on Bell's Theorem, edited by Cushing & McMullin ( University of Notre Dame Press, 1986 ).

* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: " The Einstein – Podolsky – Rosen Argument in Quantum Theory " by Arthur Fine.

* " Transgressing the Boundaries: Toward a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity " by Alan Sokal, ( Spring / Summer 1996 issue of Social Text ).

Bernard d ' Espagnat a French theoretical physicist best known for his work on the nature of reality wrote a paper titled The Quantum Theory and Reality according to the paper: " The doctrine that the world is made up of objects whose existence is independent of human consciousness turns out to be in conflict with quantum mechanics and with facts established by experiment.

In 1917, Albert Einstein established the theoretical foundations for the laser and the maser in the paper Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung ( On the Quantum Theory of Radiation ); via a re-derivation of Max Planck ’ s law of radiation, conceptually based upon probability coefficients ( Einstein coefficients ) for the absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation ; in 1928, Rudolf W. Ladenburg confirmed the existences of the phenomena of stimulated emission and negative absorption ; in 1939, Valentin A. Fabrikant predicted the use of stimulated emission to amplify “ short ” waves ; in 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and effected the first demonstration of stimulated emission ; in 1950, Alfred Kastler ( Nobel Prize for Physics 1966 ) proposed the method of optical pumping, experimentally confirmed, two years later, by Brossel, Kastler, and Winter.

bottom-side view of package of R4700 Orion with the exposed silicon chip, fabricated by Integrated Device Technology | IDT, designed by Quantum Effect Devices

Quantum Effect Devices ( QED ), a separate company started by former MIPS employees, designed the R4600 Orion, the R4700 Orion, the R4650 and the R5000.

Quantum chemistry, a subfield of physical chemistry especially concerned with the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems, provides tools to determine how strong and what shape bonds are, how nuclei move, and how light can be absorbed or emitted by a chemical compound.

Quantum coherence is an essential difference between classical and quantum theories, and is illustrated by the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.

Quantum mechanics can also provide quantitative insight into ionic and covalent bonding processes by explicitly showing which molecules are energetically favorable to which others, and the magnitudes of the energies involved.

Quantum mechanically, we measure the three-qubit state, which is equivalent to collapsing the quantum state down to a classical distribution ( with the coefficients in the classical state being the squared magnitudes of the coefficients for the quantum state, as described above ), followed by sampling from that distribution.

* Optics-based quantum computer ( Quantum optics ) ( qubits realized by appropriate states of different modes of the electromagnetic field, e. g. )

* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: " Quantum Computing " by Amit Hagar.

* Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Computation — Coursera course by Umesh Vazirani

* Quantum computing for the determined — 22 video lectures by Michael Nielsen