Scholars of the 19th century used chemical means to read palimpsests that were sometimes very destructive, using tincture of gall or later, ammonium bisulfate.

Scholars of the 19th century tended to interpret these titles as the names of distinct works covering separate voyages ; for example, Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology hypothesizes a voyage to Britain and Thule written about in " Ocean " and another from Cadiz to the Don river, written about in " Sail Around.

Scholars in the late 19th and early 20th century explored the generations of families the authors considered disreputable, such as the The Jukes family and the The Kallikak Family ( both were pseudonyms for real families ).

Scholars suggest the story of Ustad Isa was born of the eagerness of the British in the 19th century to believe that such a beautiful building should be credited to a European architect.

Scholars in the 19th and 20th centuries had relied upon Herodotus's account, but Sir Henry Layard's discoveries in the royal archives at Nineveh and Calah have enabled the study of new source material that is several centuries earlier than Herodotus's history.

The Queen's Scholars have privileged access to the House of Commons gallery, said to be a compromise recorded in the Standing Orders of the House in the 19th century, to stop the boys from climbing into the Palace over the roofs.

Scholars of the 19th and early 20th century estimated about 2, 000 individuals at the time of European contact in the 15th century.

Scholars had searched for these lost sites since the 19th century.

Scholars in the 19th century prior to Caldwell considered Tamil and other South Indian languages to be rooted in Sanskrit and affiliated to the Indo-European language family.

Scholars had searched for these lost sites since the 19th century.

Scholars of 19th-century American feminism, as well as pro-choice activists, countered what they considered a co-opting of Anthony's legacy as America's most dedicated suffragist, saying that the pro-life activists are falsely attributing opinions to Anthony and also that applying words from the 19th century to the modern abortion debate is misleading.

Scholars speculate that the total Araucanian population may have numbered 1 million at most when the Spaniards arrived in the 1530s ; a century of European conquest and disease reduced that number by at least half.

Scholars argue over where Hebrews fits in the 1st century world.

Scholars have theorized about whether or not Freyja and the goddess Frigg ultimately stem from a single goddess common among the Germanic peoples ; about her connection to the valkyries, female battlefield choosers of the slain ; and her relation to other goddesses and figures in Germanic mythology, including the thrice-burnt and thrice-reborn Gullveig / Heiðr, the goddesses Gefjon, Skaði, Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa, Menglöð, and the 1st century BCE " Isis " of the Suebi.

Scholars in the first half of the 20th century came to the conclusion that the Yahwist was produced in the monarchic period, specifically at the court of Solomon, and the Priestly work in the middle of the 5th century BC ( the author was even identified as Ezra ), but more recent thinking is that the Yahwist was written either just before or during the Babylonian exile of the 6th century, and the Priestly final edition was made late in the Exilic period or soon after.

Scholars also point to the silence of Photios as late as the 9th century, and the fact that he does not mention the Testimonium at all in his broad review of Josephus.

Scholars in almost every European nation continued to repeat and improve upon Saint Isidore's assertion of descent from Noah through Japheth into the nineteenth century.

Scholars such as Hans Conzelmann and 20th century theologian John Knox dispute the historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles .< ref >

Scholars have dated it to some time in the 15th century BC and believe that it illustrates an important concept expressed in Nordic Bronze Age mythology.

Scholars consider the Hepburn Act the most important piece of legislation regarding railroads in the first half of the 20th century.

However, the use of adult male falsettos in polyphony, commonly in the alto range, was common in all-male sacred choirs for some decades previous, as early as the mid-16th century, and modern-day ensembles such as the Tallis Scholars and The Sixteen maintain the use of male altos in period works.

Scholars had thought that invaders attacked the city in the 7th or 8th century, sacking and burning it.

Scholars believe that the fight between Cuchulainn and Ferdiad is a late addition to the Táin, originating not earlier than the eleventh century and drawing on earlier episodes in the story.

Scholars generally fall into one of two main camps: an " early camp " favoring a date for the " core " of between the years 50 and 100, before or approximately contemporary with the composition of the canonical gospels and a " late camp " favoring a date in the 2nd century, after composition of the canonical gospels.

" Scholars have proposed various dates between the 9th century and 16th century.

* Monfasani, John, ' Platonic paganism in the fifteenth century ', in: John Monfasani, Byzantine Scholars in Renaissance Italy: Cardinal Bessarion and Other Émigrés, ( Aldershot, 1995 ), no.

Scholars have generally dated him from the end of the 4th to the early part of the 5th century AD.

In addition, Scholars receive a monthly maintenance stipend to cover accommodation and living expenses .< ref > Although all scholars become affiliated with a residential college while at Oxford, they also enjoy access to Rhodes House, an early 20th century mansion with numerous public rooms, gardens, a library, study areas, and other facilities.

Scholars have identified a gay sensibility suffused through the film, especially a camp sensibility, particularly embodied in the character of Pretorius ( Thesiger ) and his relationship with Henry Frankenstein ( Clive ).

Scholars disagree over the details of the decisions made at the convention, especially whether the ruler of Poland was pledged the king's crown or not.

Scholars starting with the Sahabah have studied narrative accounts of other Abrahamic religions to further explain and clarify verses, especially parables, in the Qur ' an.

Original illustrations accompany the articles, commissioned especially from Art Scholars at the College.

Jensen's attitude to traditional Anglican styles of cathedral worship has drawn criticism, especially from defenders of classical sacred music such as the Tallis Scholars ' director, Peter Phillips, who accused him of " vandalising " Anglican culture .< ref > ABC PM, 30 January 2008 < cite > Archbishop of Sydney ' vandalising ' Anglican culture </ cite > Go to external link Jensen has defended his changes in the cathedral's style of worship on the grounds of attempting to broaden the demographic of the congregation.

Scholars have debated the authorship of the Johannine works ( the Gospel of John, First, Second, and Third epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation ) since at least the 3rd century, but especially since the Enlightenment.

Scholars tried to gather as many of them as they could find, especially in monasteries, from Constantantinople, and from the Muslim world.

Scholars question whether this text could be the actual Lutheran confession, especially since it was the quarto edition that was deliberately included in the 1584 official Latin Book of Concord to the exclusion of the octavo edition.

Scholars opposing this view claim that while the dagger is unusual, ghosts of murdered victims are more believable, having a basis in the audience's superstitions.

Scholars of general semantics emphasize distinctions between different perceptions at different points in space ( called " space-binding ") over any universal God's eye view or assumed-shared or collective identity.

Scholars of Augustine's work have traditionally understood him to have shared the common view of his educated contemporaries that the Earth is spherical, in line with the quotation above, and with Augustine's famous endorsement of science in De Genesi ad litteram.

Scholars have debated Calvin's view of the Jews and Judaism.

Scholars generally view these variations as indications that the Josephus passages are not interpolations, for a Christian interpolator would have made them correspond to the New Testament accounts, not differ from them.

Scholars generally view these variations as indications that the Josephus passages are not interpolations, for a Christian interpolator would have made them correspond to the Christian traditions.

Scholars traditionally view Thucydides as recognizing and teaching the lesson that democracies need leadership, but that leadership can be dangerous to democracy.

Scholars have come to view the Great Purge as a crucial moment – or rather the culmination – of a vast social engineering campaign started at the beginning of the 1930s ( Hagenloh, 2000 ; Shearer, 2003 ; Werth, 2003 ).

Scholars debate whether these two accounts can be reconciled or not, and some view the narratives as non-historical.

Scholars have debated whether these two accounts can be reconciled or not, and some view the narratives as non-historical.

" Scholars have noted that the notion of the " disembodied existence of a soul in bliss " is not in accordance with a Hebrew world view: " While Hebrew thought world distinguished soul from body ( as material basis of life ), there was no question of two separate, independent entities.

Scholars generally view these variations as indications that the Josephus passages are not interpolations, for a Christian interpolator would have made them correspond to the New Testament accounts, not differ from them.

Scholars who share Justice Black's view, such as Akhil Amar, argue that the Framers of the Fourteenth Amendment, like Senator Jacob Howard and Congressman John Bingham, included a Due Process Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment for the following reason: " By incorporating the rights of the Fifth Amendment, the privileges or immunities clause would ... have prevented states from depriving ' citizens ' of due process.

Scholars view learning as active, where learners should learn to discover principles, concepts and facts for themselves.

As the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement ’ s view regarding Mirza Ghulam Ahmad ’ s status and the concept of finality of prophethood of Muhammad is closer to traditional Islamic thought, the Literature published by the Movement has found greater acceptability among the Muslim Intelligentsia and some orthodox Islamic Scholars consider the Lahore Ahmadiyya as Muslims.

Scholars such as Peter N. Dale ( 1986 ), Harumi Befu ( 1987 ), and Kosaku Yoshino ( 1992 ) view nihonjinron more critically, identifying it as a tool for enforcing social and political conformity.

Scholars debate whether these two accounts can be reconciled or not, and some view the narratives as non-historical .< Some scholars view the discussion of historicity as secondary, given that gospels were primarily written as theological documents rather than chronological timelines.

Scholars view the Przeworsk culture as an amalgam of a series of localized cultures.

Scholars from the yangban aristocracy sat in their pavilions constructed in either a cultivated garden or a natural area with its own view of the mountains or landscape.

Bourne, in a 1906 essay published in the American Historical Review, summarized his view of Carver's book: " Scholars are in general agreement that much of the work in this volume is an abridgement or adaptation of historical writings by Charlevoix, Adair, and La Hontan.

Scholars are of the view that most if not all of the works related to Ibn Sirin might be apocryphal.

Scholars view the film differently due to the openness or ambiguity of the film.