It is currently held by Professor Richard Blahut.

* Severin's journey into the dark, translated from the German by Kevin Blahut, Prague, Twisted Spoon Press, 1993, ISBN 80-901257-2-7

* Blahut, Richard E. Algebraic Codes for Data Transmission Cambridge University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-521-55374-1

* Richard Blahut ( 2005 )

In 2006, he won the Czech Republic national time trial championships and following this the two-man time trial Duo Normand with Radek Blahut.

* Competitive analysis ( online algorithm ) – shows how online algorithms perform and demonstrates the power of randomization in algorithms

( In a display of authorial equity, the former is usually called the Kernighan – Lin algorithm, while the latter is styled Lin – Kernighan.

The basic search procedure was proposed in two seminal papers in the early 60s ( see references below ) and is now commonly referred to as the Davis – Putnam – Logemann – Loveland algorithm (" DPLL " or " DLL ").

A key should therefore be large enough that a brute force attack ( possible against any encryption algorithm ) is infeasible – i. e., would take too long to execute.

Informally the Church – Turing thesis states that if some method ( algorithm ) exists to carry out a calculation, then the same calculation can also be carried out by a Turing machine ( as well as by a recursively definable function, and by a λ-function ).

Church subsequently modified his methods to include use of Herbrand – Gödel recursion and then proved ( 1936 ) that the Entscheidungsproblem is unsolvable: There is no generalized " effective calculation " ( method, algorithm ) that can determine whether or not a formula in either the recursive-or λ-calculus is " valid " ( more precisely: no method to show that a well formed formula has a " normal form ").

By 1963 – 4 Gödel would disavow Herbrand – Gödel recursion and the λ-calculus in favor of the Turing machine as the definition of " algorithm " or " mechanical procedure " or " formal system ".

In 2002, Hellman suggested the algorithm be called Diffie – Hellman – Merkle key exchange in recognition of Ralph Merkle's contribution to the invention of public-key cryptography ( Hellman, 2002 ).

This time, IBM submitted a candidate which was deemed acceptable — a cipher developed during the period 1973 – 1974 based on an earlier algorithm, Horst Feistel's Lucifer cipher.

The Bowyer – Watson algorithm provides another approach for incremental construction.

Freenet assumes that the Darknet ( a subset of the global social network ) is a small-world network, and nodes constantly attempt to swap locations ( using the Metropolis – Hastings algorithm ) in order to minimize their distance to their neighbors.

The well-known radix-2 Cooley – Tukey algorithm, for N a power of 2, can compute the same result with only ( N / 2 ) log < sub > 2 </ sub > N complex multiplies ( again, ignoring simplifications of multiplications by 1 and similar ) and N log < sub > 2 </ sub > N complex additions.

By far the most commonly used FFT is the Cooley – Tukey algorithm.

The most well-known use of the Cooley – Tukey algorithm is to divide the transform into two pieces of size at each step, and is therefore limited to power-of-two sizes, but any factorization can be used in general ( as was known to both Gauss and Cooley / Tukey ).

Also, because the Cooley – Tukey algorithm breaks the DFT into smaller DFTs, it can be combined arbitrarily with any other algorithm for the DFT, such as those described below.

For with coprime and, one can use the Prime-Factor ( Good-Thomas ) algorithm ( PFA ), based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem, to factorize the DFT similarly to Cooley – Tukey but without the twiddle factors.

The Rader-Brenner algorithm ( 1976 ) is a Cooley – Tukey-like factorization but with purely imaginary twiddle factors, reducing multiplications at the cost of increased additions and reduced numerical stability ; it was later superseded by the split-radix variant of Cooley – Tukey ( which achieves the same multiplication count but with fewer additions and without sacrificing accuracy ).

Another prime-size FFT is due to L. I. Bluestein, and is sometimes called the chirp-z algorithm ; it also re-expresses a DFT as a convolution, but this time of the same size ( which can be zero-padded to a power of two and evaluated by radix-2 Cooley – Tukey FFTs, for example ), via the identity.

He co-invented the Merkle – Hellman knapsack cryptosystem, Merkle – Damgård construction, and invented Merkle trees.

Dr. Gregory Goodwin Pincus ( April 9, 1903 – August 22, 1967 ) was an American biologist and researcher who co-invented the combined oral contraceptive pill.

The Rockwell hardness tester, a differential-depth machine, was co-invented by Connecticut natives Hugh M. Rockwell ( 1890 – 1957 ) and Stanley P. Rockwell ( 1886 – 1940 ).

Frederick William Lanchester, Hon FRAeS FRS ( 23 October 1868 – 8 March 1946 ) was an English polymath and engineer who made important contributions to automotive engineering, aerodynamics and co-invented the field of operations research.

Gilbert Sandford Vernam ( 3 April 1890 – 7 February 1960 ) was an AT & T Bell Labs engineer who, in 1917, invented an additive polyalphabetic stream cipher and later co-invented an automated one-time pad cipher.

Joseph Oswald Mauborgne ( February 26, 1881 – June 7, 1971 ) co-invented the one-time pad with Gilbert Vernam of Bell Labs.

The first gas laser, the Helium – neon laser ( HeNe ), was co-invented by Iranian physicist Ali Javan and American physicist William R. Bennett, Jr. in 1960.

" Jeremy " Swan ( 1 June 1922 – 7 February 2005 ) was an Irish cardiologist, originally from Sligo, who co-invented the Swan-Ganz catheter ( widely used in intensive care units ) with William Ganz at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in 1970.

* James Edward Zimmerman ( 1923 – 1999 ), American physicist who co-invented superconducting quantum interference device ( SQUID )

Lincoln in his late 30s – photo taken by one of Lincoln's law students around 1846

The Whigs had been irreparably split by the Kansas – Nebraska Act.

In 2009, the American Anthropological Association's Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities released its final report concluding, in part, that, " When ethnographic investigation is determined by military missions, not subject to external review, where data collection occurs in the context of war, integrated into the goals of counterinsurgency, and in a potentially coercive environment – all characteristic factors of the HTS concept and its application – it can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology.

Kimiya-yi sa ' ādat ( The Alchemy of Happiness ) – a text on Islamic philosophy and spiritual alchemy by Al-Ghazali | Al-Ghazālī ( 1058 – 1111 ).

* List of countries by GDP sector composition – breakdown includes agricultural sector information

Under Parthian and Sassanian Iranian empires, scholars concentrated on exchanging knowledge and inventions by the countries around them – India, China, and the Roman Empire, when it is thought to be expanded over the other countries.

In the famous long scroll Along the River During the Qingming Festival painted by Zhang Zeduan ( 1085 – 1145 AD ) during the Song Dynasty ( 960 – 1297 AD ), a suanpan is clearly seen lying beside an account book and doctor's prescriptions on the counter of an apothecary's ( Feibao ).

On average, the Atlantic is the saltiest major ocean ; surface water salinity in the open ocean ranges from 33 to 37 parts per thousand ( 3. 3 – 3. 7 %) by mass and varies with latitude and season.

In the middle latitudes, the area of maximum temperature variations, values may vary by 7 – 8 ° C ( 12 – 15 ° F ).

Fort Henry on the Tennessee River was in an especially unfavorable low – lying location commanded by hills on the Kentucky side of the river.

The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861 – 1865.

" The term made an impact into English pulp science fiction starting from Jack Williamson's The Cometeers ( 1936 ) and the distinction between mechanical robots and fleshy androids was popularized by Edmond Hamilton's Captain Future ( 1940 – 1944 ).

* Atlas, a van made by the Standard Motor Company ( UK ) 1958 – 62

Narayanan – AIR India Reporter 1988 Court Page No. 1381 ; 1988 Volume No. 3 SCC Court Cases Page No. 366 ; 1988 PLJR 78 – Although an affidavit may be taken as proof of the facts stated therein, the Courts have no jurisdiction to admit evidence by way of affidavit.

He rejected the Ural – Altaic hypothesis, included Korean in Altaic, an inclusion followed by most leading Altaicists to date.

The Turkic-Mongolic-Tungusic and Korean-Japanese-Ainu groupings were also posited by Joseph Greenberg ( 2000 – 2002 ) who, however, treated them as independent members of a larger family, which he termed Eurasiatic.

However, that particular case is a theorem of Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice ( ZF ); it is easily proved by mathematical induction.

Byzantine control was challenged by Arab raids starting in the 7th century ( see Byzantine – Arab Wars ), but in the 9th and 10th century a resurgent Byzantine Empire regained its lost territories and even expanded beyond its traditional borders, into Armenia and Syria ( ancient Aram ).

After the decline of the Ilkhanate from 1335 – 1353, the Mongol Empire's legacy in the region was the Uyghur Eretna Dynasty that was overthrown by Kadi Burhan al-Din in 1381.

In the lingo of the poker variation Texas Hold ' em, the hole cards Ace – King ( unsuited ) are sometimes referred to as an " Anna Kournikova ", a term introduced by the poker commentator Vince van Patten during a WPT tournament because it " looks great but never wins ".