Especially the works of Liu Zhu such as Tiānfāng Diǎnlǐ （ 天方典禮 ） sought to harmonize Islam with not only Confucianism but Daoism and is considered to be one of the crowning achievements of the Chinese Muslim culture.

Important military and political figures in modern Chinese history continued to be influenced by Confucianism, like the Muslim warlord Ma Fuxiang.

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community believes Confucius was a Divine Prophet of God, as was Lao-Tzu and other eminent Chinese personages.

Due to the large Muslim population in western China, many Chinese restaurants cater to, or are run by, Muslims.

Many cafeterias ( canteens ) at Chinese universities have separate sections or dining areas for Muslim students ( Hui or western Chinese minorities ), typically labeled " qingzhen.

In 1939 Muslim leaders Isa Yusuf Alptekin and Ma Fuliang were sent by Chiang to several Middle eastern countries, including Egypt, Turkey, and Syria, to gain support for the Chinese War against Japan, and to express his support for Muslims.

The Yuehua, a Chinese Muslim publication, quoted the Quran and Hadith to justify submitting to Chiang Kai-shek as the leader of China, and as justification for Jihad in the war against Japan.

The Chinese Muslim Association, a pro-Kuomintang and anti-Communist organization, was set up by Muslims working in his regime.

Of a different kind is, for instance, the antithesis between ( say ) the Italian and the American Law, and of a different kind that between the Soviet, Muslim, Hindu, or Chinese Law.

He backed the Uyghur Communist Muslim leader Ehmetjan Qasim against the anti Communist Chinese Kuomintang forces.

In 1951, in Taiwan, the Chinese Muslim Kuomintang General Bai Chongxi made a speech broadcast on radio to the entire Muslim world calling for a war against Russia, claiming that the " imperialist ogre " leader Stalin was engineering World War III, and Bai also called upon Muslims to avoid the Indian leader Jawaharlal Nehru, accusing him of being blind to Soviet imperialism.

Chinese of 2nd BC and Muslim sources of the 7th – 12th centuries AD describe the Kyrgyz as red-haired with fair complexion and green ( blue ) eyes.

The Chinese Muslim general Ma Bufang of Qinghai presented himself as a Chinese nationalist to the people of China, fighting against British imperialism, to deflect criticism by opponents that his government was feudal and oppressed minorities like Tibetans and Buddhist Mongols.

Kuomintang Muslim General Bai Chongxi was Chairman of the Chinese Islamic National Salvation Federation.

The Chinese Muslim Association owns the Taipei Grand Mosque which was built with funds from the Kuomintang.

The Chinese Muslim brotherhood became a Chinese nationalist organization and supported Kuomintang rule, Brotherhood Imams like Hu Songshan ordered Muslims to pray for the Kuomintang government, salute Kuomintang flags during prayer, and listen to nationalist sermons.

A Christian missionary in 1935 took a picture of a Muslim meat restaurant in Hankow which had Arabic and Chinese lettering indicating that it was Halal ( fit for Muslim consumption ), and it had two Kuomintang party symbols on it.

General Ma Bufang and other high ranking Muslim Generals attended the Kokonuur Lake Ceremony where the God of the Lake was worshipped, and during the ritual, the Chinese national anthem was sung, all participants bowed to a Portrait of Kuomintang party founder Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and the God of the Lake was also bowed to, and offerings were given to him by the participants, which included the Muslims.

The aid was not capable of saving the First East Turkestan Republic, as the Afghan, Uighur and Kirghiz forces were defeated in 1934 by the Chinese Muslim 36th Division ( National Revolutionary Army ) led by General Ma Zhancang at the Battle of Kashgar and Battle of Yarkand.

There is a Teochew Chinese Association in Paris called L ' Amicale des Teochews en France.

In contrast, the Holy See has not questioned the validity of the consecrations that the late Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre performed in 1988 for the service of the relatively numerous followers of the Traditionalist Catholic Society of St. Pius X that he had founded, and of the bishops who, under pressure from the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, " have been ordained without the Pontifical mandate and who have not asked for, or have not yet obtained, the necessary legitimation ", and who consequently, Pope Benedict XVI has declared, " are to be considered illegitimate, but validly ordained ".

Malaysian Chinese Association

Initially the party of the Malaysian Chinese Association was pro-ROC and mainly consisted of Kuomintang members who joined as an alternative and were also in opposition to the Malayan Communist Party, supporting the Kuomintang in China by funding them with the intention of reclaiming the Chinese mainland from the communists.

* Kuan Ming: Popular Deities of Chinese Buddhism, Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc, 1985

* Miao Yun: Teachings in Chinese Buddhism: Selected Translation of Miao Yun, Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc, 1995

The Barisan Nasional coalition currently consists of the United Malays National Organisation ( UMNO ), Malaysian Chinese Association ( MCA ), Malaysian Indian Congress ( MIC ) and 11 other political parties.

Today the Barisan Nasional coalition has three prominent members — the UMNO, MCA ( Malaysian Chinese Association ) and MIC ( Malaysian Indian Congress ).

He also took part in the mass education movement to fight illiteracy, founded in 1921 by members of the Chinese Young Men's Christian Association with U. S. backing.

* Malaysian Chinese Association

| valign = top | Communist Party of ChinaRevolutionary Committee of The Chinese KuomintangChina Democratic LeagueChina Democratic National Construction AssociationChina Association for Promoting DemocracyChinese Peasants ' and Workers ' Democratic PartyChina Zhi Gong DangJiusan SocietyTaiwan Democratic Self-Government Leaguenonparty personage

The government regulates its activities through the Chinese Taoist Association.

In 1956, the Chinese Taoist Association was formed, and received official approval in 1957.

* Chinese Students ' Association

During his time in the USSR, Li was the Chairman of the Chinese Students Association in the Soviet Union.

There are only two academic societies in EM in China, Chinese Association of EM ( CAEM ) and Chinese College of Emergency Physicians ( CCEP, equivalent to ACEP in US ).

Li was approached by the Chinese National Sports Committee, Ministry of Public Health, and China Qigong Science Research Association ( CQRS ) to jointly establish a Falun Gong association.

The state-run Chinese Buddhist Association, concerned with Buddhist apostates taking up Falun Gong practice, were the first to term Falun Gong xiejiao in the latter half of 1996.

* Chinese Daoist Association

Ashoka, the South Asian student association, puts on a performance for Diwali, the Indian festival of lights, that includes a skit and dances ; Black Anthology is a student-run performance arts show celebrating black culture ; Lunar New Year Festival is a collaboration between the many East Asian organizations on campus culminating in a show to celebrate the holiday with a skit and dances from Chinese, Japanese, and Korean cultures ; the Association of Latin American Students showcases various forms of Latin and Spanish dances during their performance, Carnaval.

And one cannot but wonder whether Marshal Malinovsky, who was blowing hot and cold, exalting peace but also almost openly considering the possibility of preventive war against the West, wasn't trying to keep the Chinese quiet.

The ledger was full of most precise information: date of laying, length of incubation period, number of chick reaching the first week, second week, fifth week, weight of hen, size of rooster's wattles and so on, all scrawled out in a hand that looked more Chinese than English, the most jagged and sprawling Alex had ever seen.

Bursting from the lips of a charging cavalry trooper was the last sound heard on this earth by untold numbers of Cheyennes, Sioux and Apaches, Mexican banditos under Pancho Villa, Japanese in the South Pacific, and Chinese and North Korean Communists in Korea.

The concept of the Middle Kingdom at peace, strong and united under a forceful ruler, which had been only a longed-for ideal in the time of the Warring States, was finally realized by the establishment of a Chinese Empire under the Ch'in dynasty ( 221-207 B.C. ).

Although modern scholars have expressed surprise that `` the simple magic square of three '', a mere `` mathematical puzzle '', was able to exert a considerable influence on the minds and imaginations of the cultured Chinese for so many centuries, they could have found most of the answers right within the square itself.

Such an analysis speedily reveals why the middle number of the Lo Shu, 5, was so vitally significant for the Chinese ever since the earliest hints that they had a knowledge of this diagram.

Although the primary mathematical properties of the middle number at the center of the Lo Shu, and the interrelation of all the other numbers to it, might seem enough to account for the deep fascination which the Lo Shu held for the Old Chinese philosophers, this was actually only a beginning of wonders.

The Chinese world view during the Han dynasty, when the Lo Shu seems to have been at the height of its popularity, was based in large part on the teachings of the Yin-Yang and Five-Elements School, which was traditionally founded by Tsou Yen.

but in this respect it was merely following the accepted Chinese convention for all maps.

In its monastic form, Mahayana was merely an organization of magic-practicing monks ( bonzes ), who catered to the Chinese faith in the supernatural.

But in the Chinese mind, there was little difference between the two -- the bonzes were no more metaphysical than a magician has to be.

Early Chinese anchoritism was theoretically aimed at a mystic pantheist union with the divine, personal salvation being achieved when the mystical recluse united with divine essence.

In the popular Chinese mind, Ch'an ( Zen ) was no exception to the ideas of coarse magic that dominated.

The zero was probably introduced to the Chinese in the Tang Dynasty ( 618-907 AD ) when travel in the Indian Ocean and the Middle East would have provided direct contact with India, allowing them to acquire the concept of zero and the decimal point from Indian merchants and mathematicians.

); its design was planned by the government of the day ; and it places individual letters in syllable clusters with equal dimensions, in the same way as Chinese characters, to allow for mixed-script writing ( one syllable always takes up one type-space no matter how many letters get stacked into building that one sound-block ).

In Chinese astronomy, the stream of water flowing from the Water Jar was depicted as the " Army of Yu-Lin " ( Yu-lin-kiun ).

Even though this period-known in its earlier part as the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period-in its latter part was fraught with chaos and bloody battles, it is also known as the Golden Age of Chinese philosophy because a broad range of thoughts and ideas were developed and discussed freely.

The Agrarians believed that Chinese society should be modeled around that of the early sage king Shen Nong, a folk hero which was portrayed in Chinese literature as " working in the fields, along with everyone else, and consulting with everyone else when any decision had to be reached.

The main question of this school was whether Being came before Not-Being ( in Chinese, ming and wuming ).

Mahayana Buddhism was far more successful in China than its rival Hinayana, and both Indian schools and local Chinese sects arose from the 5th century.

The Chinese School of Agrarianism was a philosophy that advocated peasant utopian communalism and egalitarianism.

It was also widely used by the Chinese for its healing chemicals, curing illnesses such as infections, rashes, and migraines.

First catering to miners and railroad workers, they established eateries in towns where Chinese food was completely unknown.