The New Testament offered to the public today is the first result of the work of a joint committee made up of representatives of the Church of England, Church of Scotland, Methodist Church, Congregational Union, Baptist Union, Presbyterian Church of England, Churches in Wales, Churches in Ireland, Society of Friends, British and Foreign Bible Society and National Society of Scotland.

The Church of Scotland separated from the Roman Catholic Church with the Scottish Reformation in 1560, and the split from it of the Scottish Episcopal Church began in 1582, in the reign of James VI of Scotland, over disagreements about the role of bishops.

Early evidence of their use in Britain includes: an equal hour horary quadrant from 1396, in England, a 1445 inscription on the tower of Heathfield Church, Sussex ; a 1448 inscription on a wooden lych-gate of Bray Church, Berkshire ; and a 1487 inscription on the belfry door at Piddletrenthide church, Dorset ; and in Scotland a 1470 inscription on the tomb of the first Earl of Huntly in Elgin Cathedral.

Proponents of repeal argue that the clause is a bigoted anachronism ; Cardinal Winning, who was leader of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, called the act an " insult " to Catholics.

" He further asserts that because the Roman Catholic Church does not recognise the Church of England as an apostolic church, a Roman Catholic monarch who abided by their faith's doctrine would be obliged to view Anglican and Church of Scotland archbishops, bishops, and clergy as part of the laity and therefore " lacking the ordained authority to preach and celebrate the sacraments.

King's College ( University of King's College ) was an Anglican School and Dalhousie University, which was originally non-denominational, had placed itself under the control and direction of the Church of Scotland.

Neighbouring St Fillan's Church is one of the best-preserved medieval parish churches in Scotland, dating largely to the 12th century.

In the Church of Scotland, which has a Presbyterian church structure, the word " bishop " refers to an ordained person, usually a normal parish minister, who has temporary oversight of a trainee minister.

* Bishops in the Church of Scotland

Following the Wars of the Three Kingdoms ( including the English Civil War ), the Church of Scotland was re-established on a presbyterian basis but by the Act of Comprehension 1690, the rump of Episcopalians were allowed to hold onto their benefices.

Some, for example the Church of Ireland, the Scottish and American Episcopal churches, and some other associated churches have a separate name.

* The Scottish Episcopal Church

Thus the only member churches of the present Anglican Communion existing by the mid-18th century were the Church of England, its closely linked sister church, the Church of Ireland ( which also separated from Roman Catholicism under Henry VIII ) and the Scottish Episcopal Church which for parts of the 17th and 18th centuries was partially underground ( it was suspected of Jacobite sympathies ).

Category: Scottish Episcopal Church

The primate of the Scottish Episcopal Church is chosen from among the diocesan bishops, and, while retaining diocesan responsibility, is called Primus.

These changes were incorporated into the 1764 book which was to be the liturgy of the Scottish Episcopal Church ( until 1911 when it was revised ) but it was to influence the liturgy of the Episcopal Church in the United States.

The Scottish Episcopal Church and Church of Scotland also have parishes dedicated to him.

Within the Protestant tradition the Presbyterian Church ( which has its roots in Scottish Presbyterianism ) also has parishes named in honour of Columba.

Charles's last years were marked by the English Civil War, in which he fought the forces of the English and Scottish parliaments, which challenged his attempts to overrule and negate parliamentary authority, whilst simultaneously using his position as head of the English Church to pursue religious policies which generated the antipathy of reformed groups such as the Puritans.

They formed the Scottish Reformed Church of Elbląg and became Elbing citizens, aiding Lutheran Sweden in the Thirty Years ' War.

* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn sparking revolution in the Scottish Wars of Independence

* Scottish Episcopal Church

He was later credited with bringing Scottish Christianity into conformity with the Catholic Church.

The eventual Reformation of the Scottish Church followed a brief civil war in 1559 – 60, in which English intervention on the Protestant side was decisive.

Although James had tried to get the Scottish Church to accept some of the High Church Anglicanism of his southern kingdom, he met with limited success.

The grounds for the Church's position are Scriptural ( Old Testament ), the teachings of the fathers and doctors of the early Church, the unbroken tradition of nineteen centuries, the decisions of the highest ecclesiastical authority and the natural law.

All churches apart from the Armenian Apostolic Church must register with the government, and proselytizing was forbidden by law, though since 1997 the government has pursued more moderate policies.

It was then that he began to study the principles of law and administration under Konstantin Pobedonostsev, then a professor of civil law at Moscow State University and later ( from 1880 ) chief procurator of the Holy Synod of the Orthodox Church in Russia.

# De Misericordia et Justitia ( On Mercy and Justice ), a collection of biblical extracts and sayings of Church Fathers with commentary ( an important work for the history of church law and discipline ), which is to be found in the Anecdota of Martène, vol.

In Canada, where the Act of Settlement is now a part of Canadian constitutional law, Tony O ' Donohue, a Canadian civic politician, took issue with the provisions that exclude Roman Catholics from the throne, and which make the monarch of Canada the Supreme Governor of the Church of England, requiring him or her to be an Anglican.

Cardinal Murphy-O ' Connor, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church in England, pointed out that Prince William ( later the Duke of Cambridge ) " can marry by law a Hindu, a Buddhist, anyone, but not a Roman Catholic ".

Category: Church and state law

In continental Europe, Roman law persisted, but with a stronger influence from the Christian Church.

** Canon law ( Catholic Church )

It is the internal ecclesiastical law governing the Catholic Church ( both Latin Rite and Eastern Catholic Churches ), the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches, and the Anglican Communion of churches.

The Catholic Church has what is claimed to be the oldest continuously functioning internal legal system in Western Europe, much later than Roman law but predating evolution of modern European civil law traditions.

In the Roman Church, positive ecclesiastical laws, based upon either immutable divine and natural law, or changeable circumstantial and merely positive law, derive formal authority and promulgation from the office of pope, who as Supreme Pontiff possesses the totality of legislative, executive, and judicial power in his person.

Containing 1752 canons, it is the law currently binding on the Latin ( western ) Roman Church.

Its present canon law requires that an ecumenical council be convoked and presided over, either personally or through a delegate, by the Pope, who is also to decide the agenda ; but the church makes no claim that all past ecumenical councils observed these present rules, declaring only that the Pope's confirmation or at least recognition has always been required, and saying that the version of the Nicene Creed adopted at the First Council of Constantinople ( 381 ) was accepted by the Church of Rome only seventy years later, in 451.

Though all episcopal sees may be considered " holy ", the expression " the Holy See " ( without further specification ) is normally used in international relations ( and in the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church ) to refer to the See of Rome viewed as the central government of the Roman Catholic Church.

Canon law prohibits the College and the Camerlengo from introducing any innovations or novelties in the government of the Church during this period.

In preserving intact the whole moral law of marriage, the Church is convinced that she is contributing to the creation of a truly human civilization.

Paul defended the encyclical, saying “ It does not surprise the Church that she becomes, like her divine Founder, a ‘ sign of contradiction ’; yet she does not, because of this, cease to proclaim with humble firmness the entire moral law, both the natural law and the law of the Gospel.