The Second French Empire, his Western European model, had been defeated in the Franco-Prussian War by the North German Confederation under the leadership of the Kingdom of Prussia.

The school existed in three German cities ( Weimar from 1919 to 1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932 and Berlin from 1932 to 1933 ), under three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930 and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the Nazi regime.

The German leadership had also been criticized for failing to understand the technical advances of the First World War, having given tank production the lowest priority and having conducted no studies of the machine gun prior to that war.

On the Eastern Front of World War I, where combat did not bog down into trench warfare, German and Russian armies fought a war of maneuver over thousands of miles, giving the German leadership unique experience which the trench-bound Western Allies did not have.

Some historians were prepared to go even further, claiming that blitzkrieg was not merely an operational doctrine of the German armed forces but a strategic concept on which the leadership of the Third Reich based its strategic and economic planning.

It has been argued by John Mosier that, while the French soldiers in 1940 were better trained than German soldiers, as were the Americans later, and the German army was the least mechanised of the major armies, its leadership cadres were both larger and superior and their high standards of leadership were the primary reason for the successes of the German army in World War Two as it had been in World War One.

Anne further honoured Churchill, after his leadership in the victories against the French of 13 August 1704 near the village of Blenheim ( German Blindheim ) on the river Danube ( Battle of Blenheim ), by granting him the royal manor of Woodstock, and building him a house at her own expense to be called Blenheim.

Germanicus ' leadership and command qualities were shown in full at the battle as his superior tactics and better trained and equipped legions inflicted huge casualties on the German army with only minor losses.

While the Kingdom of Prussia contained most of the population and most of the territory of the Reich, the Prussian leadership became supplanted by German leaders and Prussia itself played a lesser role.

These groups — the Nazi party and government leadership, the German General Staff and High Command ( OKW ); the Sturmabteilung ( SA ); the Schutzstaffel ( SS ), including the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ); and the Gestapo — had an aggregate membership exceeding two million, making a large number of their members liable to trial if the organisations were convicted.

Critics of the East German state have claimed that the state's commitment to communism was a hollow and cynical tool Machiavellian in nature, but this assertion has been challenged by studies that have found that the East German leadership was genuinely committed to the advance of scientific knowledge, economic development, and social progress.

At the court of Hungary there were two parties arrayed against each other: the Magyar party under the leadership of Zápolyas and the German party under the leadership of George of Brandenburg, whose authority was increased by the acquisition of the duchies of Ratibor and Oppeln by hereditary treaties with their respective dukes and of the territories of Oderberg, Beuthen, and Tarnowitz as pledges from the king of Bohemia, who could not redeem his debts.

Unification was achieved with the formation of the German Empire in 1871 under the leadership of Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

Before 1750 the German upper classes looked to France for intellectual, cultural and architectural leadership ; French was the language of high society.

The German Confederation () was founded, a loose union of 39 states ( 35 ruling princes and 4 free cities ) under Austrian leadership, with a Federal Diet () meeting in Frankfurt am Main.

In its place the North German Federation ( German Norddeutscher Bund ) was established, under the leadership of Prussia.

`` Even when the islands were under German mandate before World War 1,, Europeans gave Eromonga a wide berth.

But both were high-spirited and vivacious, both had tempers to control, both loved languages, especially English and German, both were good teachers and wrote for publication.

He spoke no German but he could sing it and the words of the song were the only ones he knew in a foreign language.

This leader must be a man who lives above illusions that heretofore have shaped the foreign policy of the United States, namely that Russia will agree to a reunited Germany, that the East German government does not exist, that events in Japan in June 1960 were Communist-inspired, that the true government of China is in Formosa, that Mao was the evil influence behind Khrushchev at the Summit Conference in Paris in May 1960, and that either China or Russia wants or expects war.

In German, words starting with sch-( constituting the German phoneme ) would be intercalated between words with initial sca-and sci-( all incidentally loanwords ) instead of this graphic cluster appearing after the letter s, as though it were a single letter — a lexicographical policy which would be de rigueur in a dictionary of Albanian, i. e. dh -, ë -, gj -, ll -, rr -, th -, xh-and zh-( all representing phonemes and considered separate single letters ) would follow the letters d, e, g, l, n, r, t, x and z respectively.

German words with umlaut would further be alphabetized as if there were no umlaut at all — contrary to Turkish which allegedly adopted the German graphemes ö and ü, and where a word like tüfek, " gun ", would come after tuz, " salt ", in the dictionary.

Nearly 3, 700 Allied ships were sunk at a cost of 783 German U-boats.

Now prosperous, his parents were able to send Nobel to private tutors and the boy excelled in his studies, particularly in chemistry and languages, achieving fluency in English, French, German, and Russian.

Compositae were first described in 1792 by the German botanist Paul Dietrich Giseke.

The French were hopeless disciplinarians .. Germans good and methodical, but it was not German that I really wanted Rosalind to learn.

In contrast, in the Arian German kingdoms established on the wreckage of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, there were entirely separate Arian and Nicene Churches with parallel hierarchies, each serving different sets of believers.

Alcott also wrote a series patterned after the work of German writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe which were eventually published in the Transcendentalists ' journal, The Dial.

They launched a major invasion of Gaul and northern Italy in 268, when the Romans were forced to denude much of their German frontier of troops in response to a massive invasion of the Goths from the east.

* 1944 – Nazi German troops end the week-long Wola massacre, during which time at least 40, 000 people were killed indiscriminately or in mass executions.

As the German princes were experiencing the tumult of the Reformation, the German Peasants ' War, and the wars against the Ottoman Turks, they did not enforce the ban on the duke, and agitation against him soon died away.

He added a pulpit " in German style " of bronze, gold and silver, surmounted by an arch with a rood cross in the same materials ; these were examples of the lavish decorations added to important churches in the years before the conquest.

These were differently sized in different countries, for instance, the historical French acre was 4, 221 square metres, whereas in Germany as many variants of " acre " existed as there were German states.

In 1994, Commodore filed for bankruptcy and its assets were purchased by Escom, a German PC manufacturer, who created the subsidiary company Amiga Technologies.

Auschwitz had for a long time been a German name for Oświęcim, the town by and around which the camps were located ; the name " Auschwitz " was made the official name again by the Germans after they invaded Poland in September 1939.

This Doric limestone building, from which many relics survive, is referred to as the hekatompedon ( Greek for " hundred – footed "), Ur-Parthenon ( German for " primitive Parthenon "), H – Architecture or Bluebeard temple, after the pedimental three-bodied man-serpent sculpture, whose beards were painted dark blue.

He was concerned to preserve and enhance the German people, the Volk, in the sense of nation or race.

Dollfuss was concerned that with German National Socialist leader Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Austrian National Socialists ( DNSAP ) could gain a significant minority in future elections ( according to fascism scholar Stanley G. Payne, should elections have been held in 1933, the DNSAP could have mustered about 25 % of the votes-contemporary TIME analysts suggests a higher support of 50 %, with a 75 % approval rate in the Tyrol region bordering Nazi Germany ).

Somewhat obsolete nowadays, geodesy in the German speaking world is divided into " Higher Geodesy " (" Erdmessung " or " höhere Geodäsie "), which is concerned with measuring the Earth on the global scale, and " Practical Geodesy " or " Engineering Geodesy " (" Ingenieurgeodäsie "), which is concerned with measuring specific parts or regions of the Earth, and which includes surveying.

Completely overshadowed by Prussia and Austria, the smaller German states were generally characterized by political lethargy and administrative inefficiency, often compounded by rulers who were more concerned with their mistresses and their hunting dogs than with the affairs of state.

The German invasion of Belgium was not important because the British decision had already been made and the British were more concerned with the fate of France ( pp. 457 – 62 ).

When asked by conductor Karl Reinthaler to add additional sectarian text to his German Requiem, Brahms responded, " As far as the text is concerned, I confess that I would gladly omit even the word German and instead use Human ; also with my best knowledge and will I would dispense with passages like John 3: 16.

Though the Dienststelle Ribbentrop concerned itself with German foreign relations with every part of the world, a special emphasis was put on Anglo-German relations, as Ribbentrop knew that Hitler favoured an alliance with Britain.

Moreover, the British government had genuinely believed in the German claim that it was only the Sudetenland that concerned them, and that Germany was not seeking to dominate Europe.

He was cautious, concerned to ensure that the work would be sufficiently interesting and useful, and there was also the possibility that his father's German nationality would rule out any involvement in top-secret work.

Although initially restricted by its constitution to render aid only to nationals from the United Nations ( the Allies ), this was changed late in 1944, in response to pleas from Jewish organizations who were concerned with the fate of surviving Jews of German nationality, to also include " other persons who have been obliged to leave their country or place of origin or former residence or who have been deported therefrom by action of the enemy because of race, religion or activities ' in favor of the United Nations.

The approach of the immense German army greatly concerned Saladin and the other Muslim leaders, who began to rally troops of their own to confront Barbarossa's forces.

Politically, he concluded the Concordat of Vienna, or Aschaffenburg ( 17 February 1448 ) with the German King, Frederick III, by which the decrees of the Council of Basel against papal annates and reservations were abrogated so far as Germany was concerned.

The German commander, Gottfried ( Sandor Elès ), is now a prominent scientist on the other side of the Iron Curtain, and Traynor is concerned that if the research work done at the base had fallen into his hands, it could be used against the West.

They're also concerned that Smitty might be a German spy because he's secretive.

The Justice Ministry, still staffed by lawyers concerned to uphold the letter of the law, argued correctly that since Grynszpan was not a German citizen, he could not be tried in Germany for a murder he had committed outside Germany, and since he had been a minor at the time he could not face the death penalty.

Officials at the German Federal Police headquarters in Potsdam, outside Berlin, concerned about the potential for a bloodbath, had also spoken out against the operation.

Soon thereafter, German suspicions were renewed that the Ustaše were more concerned with the extermination of the Serb people than Jews, and that Italian and Catholic pressure was dissuading the Ustaše from killing Jews.

In 1942, the U. S. Office of Naval Intelligence was concerned about German and Italian agents entering the United States through the New York waterfront.

Although much of existing written history might be classified as diplomatic history-Thucydides, certainly, is among other things, highly concerned with the relations among states-the modern form of diplomatic history was codified in the 19th century by Leopold von Ranke, a the leading German historian of the 19th century.

Karl Rudolph Koenig (; November 26, 1832 – October 2, 1901 ), known by himself and others as Rudolph Koenig, was a German physicist, chiefly concerned with acoustic phenomena.

On February 11, 1858 the federal assembly of the German Confederation refused to admit its validity so far as Holstein and Lauenburg were concerned.

Especially in the German speaking world, geodesy is divided into geomensuration (" Erdmessung " or " höhere Geodäsie "), which is concerned with measuring the Earth on a global scale, and surveying (" Ingenieurgeodäsie "), which is concerned with measuring parts of the surface.