The use of the abacus in Ancient Egypt is mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus, who writes that the Egyptians manipulated the pebbles from right to left, opposite in direction to the Greek left-to-right method.

During Virgil's time Aeneas was well-known and various versions of his adventures were circulating in Rome, including Roman Antiquities by Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( relying on Marcus Terentius Varro, Ab Urbe Condita by Livy ( probably dependent on Quintus Fabius Pictor, fl.

According to the Greek historian, he was of common origins.

Anaximenes () of Lampsacus ( c. 380 – 320 BC ) was a Greek rhetorician and historian.

* 1926 – Helene Ahrweiler, Greek historian and educator

* Claudius Aelianus, Roman teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek

* Arrian, Greek historian

In the 3rd century, however, the Greek historian Dio Cassius states that the " Bastarnae are properly classed as Scythians " and " members of the Scythian race ".

The Greek historian Herodotus wrote that Xerxes sought his harem after being defeated in the Greco-Persian Wars.

( In contrast, the Greek historian Ctesias refers to a similar father-in-law / general figure named Onaphas.

The main source for the Greco-Persian Wars is the Greek historian Herodotus.

The Sicilian historian Diodorus Siculus, writing in the 1st century BC in his Bibliotheca Historica, also provides an account of the Greco-Persian wars, partially derived from the earlier Greek historian Ephorus.

Greek historian Plutarch discusses an argument between Chrysippus ( 3rd century BCE ) and Hipparchus ( 2nd century BCE ) of a rather delicate enumerative problem, which was later shown to be related to Schröder numbers.

Various History — for the most part preserved only in an abridged form — is Aelian's other well-known work, a miscellany of anecdotes and biographical sketches, lists, pithy maxims, and descriptions of natural wonders and strange local customs, in 14 books, with many surprises for the cultural historian and the mythographer, anecdotes about the famous Greek philosophers, poets, historians, and playwrights and myths instructively retold.

In antiquity, the Greek historian Herodotus mentioned that the world had been divided by unknown persons into three parts, Europe, Asia, and Libya ( Africa ), with the Nile and the River Phasis forming their boundaries — though he also states that some considered the River Don, rather than the Phasis, as the boundary between Europe and Asia.

In the 1st century BC, the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus stated that the Etruscan language was unlike any other.

She is compared with Penthesilea, mythical queen of the Amazons, by the Greek historian Nicetas Choniates ; he adds that she gained the epithet chrysopous ( golden-foot ) from the cloth of gold that decorated and fringed her robe.

The historian James Partington further thinks it likely that Greek fire was not in fact the creation of any single person, but " invented by chemists in Constantinople who had inherited the discoveries of the Alexandrian chemical school ".

An alternate name for Greek fire was " Median fire " (), and the 6th-century historian Procopius, records that crude oil, which was called naphtha ( in Greek νάφθα, naphtha, from Middle Persian نفت ( naft )) by the Persians, was known to the Greeks as " Median oil " ().

Herodotus (; Hēródotos ) was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria ( modern day Bodrum, Turkey ) and lived in the fifth century BC ( 484 – 425 BC ).

Herodotus ( 5th century BC ), the great Greek historian ; one of the earliest historians whose work survives.

Embedded in Greek myth, there remain fragments of quite variant tales, hinting at the rich variety of myth that once existed, city by city ; but Hesiod's retelling of the old stories became, according to the fifth-century historian Herodotus, the accepted version that linked all Hellenes.

The connection to Phoenician religion claimed by Herodotus I. 105, 131 ) has led to inconclusive attempts at deriving Greek Aphrodite from a Semitic Aštoret, via hypothetical Hittite transmission.

Herodotus also describes that just like his predecessor, Amasis II relied on Greek mercenaries and council men.

According to Herodotus, when Anacharsis returned to the Scythians he was killed by his own brother for his Greek ways and especially for the impious attempt to sacrifice to the Mother Goddess Cybele, whose cult was unwelcome among the Scythians.

The word is attested in Herodotus, who wrote some of the first surviving Greek prose, but this may not have been before 440 or 430 BC.

Androphagi ( Ancient Greek: " Ἀνδροφάγοι " for " man-eaters ") was an ancient nation of cannibals north of Scythia ( according to Herodotus ), probably in the forests between the upper waters of the Dnepr and Don.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

Herodotus mentions for several events a date in the lunisolar calendar, of which each Greek city-state used a variant.

Herodotus suggests that this was the first time a Greek army ran into battle in this way ; this was probably because it was the first time that a Greek army had faced an enemy composed primarily of missile troops.

Herodotus records that when heralds of the Persian king Darius the Great demanded " earth and water " ( i. e., symbols of submission ) of various Greek cities, the Athenians threw them into a pit and the Spartans threw them down a well for the purpose of suggesting they would find both earth and water at the bottom, these often being mentioned by the messenger as a threat of siege.

But the form of the OHG and Gothic words suggests it is also a borrowing, perhaps indeed directly or indirectly from Greek " ἐλέφας " ( elephas ), which in Homer only meant " ivory ", but from Herodotus on the word also referred to the animal.

Herodotus is the first who stated the main characteristics of ethnicity, with his famous account of what defines Greek identity, where he lists kinship ( Greek: ὅμαιμον-homaimon, " of the same blood "), language ( Greek: ὁμόγλωσσον-homoglōsson, " speaking the same language "), cults and customs ( Greek: ὁμότροπον-homotropon, " of the same habits or life ").

Herodotus employs a deceptively simple narrative style, in which the original Greek is Ionian in dialect, including some Homeric and other forms.

However, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, a literary critic of Augustan Rome, listed seven predecessors of Herodotus, describing their works as simple, unadorned accounts of their own and other cities and people, Greek or foreign, including popular legends, sometimes melodramatic and naive, often charming-all traits that can be found in the work of Herodotus himself.

But unlike Herodotus, Hecataeus did not record events that had occurred in living memory, nor did he include the oral traditions of Greek history within the larger framework of oriental history.

The abduction of Cassandra by Ajax was frequently represented in Greek works of art, for instance on the chest of Cypselus described by Pausanias and in extant works.

In addition to being married to Jochebed, Amram is also described in the Bible as having been related to Jochebed prior to the marriage, although the exact relationship is uncertain ; some Greek and Latin manuscripts of the Septuagint state that Jochebed was Amram's father's cousin, and others state that Amram was Jochebed's cousin, but the Masoretic text states that he was Jochebed's nephew.

Arthur Danto has described this reaction as " kalliphobia " ( after the Greek word for beauty-' kalos ').

In the classical period of Greek mythology, Artemis ( Greek: ( nominative ), ( genitive ) ) was often described as the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister of Apollo.

Several English scholars and churchmen are described by Bede as being fluent in Greek due to being taught by him.

In the second year of the Peloponnesian War ( 430 BC ), Thucydides described an epidemic disease which was said to have begun in Ethiopia, passed through Egypt and Libya, then come to the Greek world.

In Greek mythology, Circe (; Greek Κίρκη Kírkē " falcon ") is a minor goddess of magic ( or sometimes a nymph, witch, enchantress or sorceress ), described in Homer's Odyssey as " The loveliest of all immortals ".

Some of Boötes ' stars were traditionally described as representing the club ( Greek, Κολλοροβος ) of Boötes.

1st century BC ), described the invention of a mechanical arrow firing catapult ( katapeltikon ) by a Greek task force in 399 BC.

1st century BC ), described the invention of a mechanical arrow firing catapult ( katapeltikon ) by a Greek task force in 399 BC.

The Lapith tribe of Thessaly, who were the kinsmen of the Centaurs in myth, were described as the inventors of horse-back riding by Greek writers.

In publications of 1647 and 1654, Marcus van Boxhorn first described a rigid methodology for historical linguistic comparisons and proposed the existence of an Indo-European proto-language ( which he called " Scythian ") unrelated to Hebrew, but ancestral to Germanic, Greek, Romance, Persian, Sanskrit, Slavic, Celtic and Baltic languages.

Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to the Alexandrian Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry: the Elements.

The word is a compound from two Greek terms, ἢλεκτρον, ēlektron, " amber " ( as electrostatic phenomena were first described as properties of amber by the philosopher Thales ), and μαγνήτης, magnētēs, " magnet " ( the magnetic stones found in antiquity in the vicinity of the Greek city of Magnesia, in Lydia, Asia Minor ).

The Principia Discordia states that her parents may be as described in Greek legend, or that she may be the daughter of Void.

He described how the Progressives preached a “ hedonistic doctrine of change ” whereas the essentialists stressed the moral responsibility of man for his actions and looked toward permanent principles of behavior ( Demiashkevich likened the arguments to those between the Socratics and the Sophists in Greek philosophy ).

It is named after the Greek mathematician Euclid, who described it in Books VII and X of his Elements.

Some manual representations of non-Roman scripts such as Chinese, Japanese, Devanagari, Hebrew, Greek, Thai and Russian alphabets are based to some extent on the one-handed Latin alphabet described above.

The Greek governmental structure is similar to that found in many other Western democracies, and has been described as a compromise between the French and German models.

Greek politics is often described as dynastic, with long-established political families controlling the positions of power.

However, extensive experiments with it also failed to reproduce the described intensity of Greek fire.

Spanish and Ancient Greek, for example, have a perfect ( not the same as the perfective ), which refers to a state resulting from a previous action ( also described as a previous action with relevance to a particular time, or a previous action viewed from the perspective of a later time ).