With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

Alfred lamented in the preface to his translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care that " learning had declined so thoroughly in England that there were very few men on this side of the Humber who could understand their divine services in English, or even translate a single letter from Latin into English: and I suppose that there were not many beyond the Humber either ".

Alfred's first translation was of Pope Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care, which he prefaced with an introduction explaining why he thought it necessary to translate works such as this one from Latin into English.

Latin translation of Abū Maʿshar's De Magnis Coniunctionibus (‘ Of the great Conjunction ( astronomy and astrology ) | conjunctions ’), Venice, 1515. Astrology was taken up by Islamic scholars following the collapse of Alexandria to the Arabs in the 7th century, and the founding of the Abbasid empire in the 8th.

A 15th-century Latin translation of Plato's Timaeus

Only after the translation into Latin and the addition of commentary by van Schooten in 1649 ( and further work thereafter ) did Descarte's masterpiece receive due recognition.

The intended meaning was likely the first, which would be translated as Latin causātīvus or effectīvus, but the Latin term was a translation of the second.

Pococke's complete Latin translation was eventually published by Joseph White of Oxford in 1800.

The Latin translation helped the Life become one of the best known works of literature in the Christian world, a status it would hold through the Middle Ages.

Oreichalkos, the Ancient Greek translation of this term, was later adapted to the Latin aurichalcum meaning " golden copper " which became the standard term for brass.

He had access to two works of Eusebius: the Historia Ecclesiastica, and also the Chronicon, though he had neither in the original Greek ; instead he had a Latin translation of the Historia, by Rufinus, and Saint Jerome's translation of the Chronicon.

He knew rhetoric, and often used figures of speech and rhetorical forms which cannot easily be reproduced in translation, depending as they often do on the connotations of the Latin words.

He had a Latin translation by Evagrius of Athanasius's Life of Antony, and a copy of Sulpicius Severus ' Life of St. Martin.

This remarkable text, originally written in Latin, is extant only in the 1549 translation of Bishop John Ponet.

Jerome, in the introduction to his Latin translation of the books of Samuel and Kings ( part of the Vulgate ), referred to the book as a chronikon (" Chronicles " in English ).

They were first divided into separate books by the early Christian scholar Origen, in the 3rd century AD, and the separation became entrenched in the 5th century AD when it was followed by Jerome in his Latin translation of the Bible.

1 and 2 Samuel were originally ( and still is in some Jewish bibles ) a single book, but the first Greek translation, produced in the centuries immediately before Christ, divided it into two ; this was adopted by the Latin translation used in the early Christian church of the West, and finally introduced into Jewish bibles around the early 16th century CE.

The Greek Orthodox branch of Christianity continues to use the Greek translation ( the Septuagint ), but when a Latin translation ( called the Vulgate ) was made for the Western church, Kingdoms was first retitled the Book of Kings, parts One to Four, and eventually both Kings and Samuel were separated into two books each.

Jerome recognized them as additions not present in the Hebrew Text and placed them at the end of his Latin translation as chapters 10: 4-16: 24.

In his 1534 translation, William Tyndale translated the phrase in Jonah 2: 1 as " greate fyshe ," and he translated the word ketos ( Greek ) or cetus ( Latin ) in as " whale ".

The use of the word abacus dates before 1387 AD, when a Middle English work borrowed the word from Latin to describe a sandboard abacus.

Readers unacquainted with its reputation as a satirical work often do not immediately realize that Swift was not seriously proposing cannibalism and infanticide, nor would readers unfamiliar with the satires of Horace and Juvenal recognize that Swift's essay follows the rules and structure of Latin satires.

His television work led to assignments as an assistant director for several Latin American film productions including Gaby: A True Story and Romero, and in 1991, he landed his first big-screen directorial assignment.

Aventinus, whose name was real name is Johann or Johannes Turmair ( Aventinus being the Latin name of his birthplace ) wrote the Annals of Bavaria, a valuable record of the early history of Germany and the first major written work on the subject.

An exception to this general tendency is his Latin treatise " De falconibus " ( later inserted in the larger work, De Animalibus, as book 23, chapter 40 ), in which he displays impressive actual knowledge of a ) the differences between the birds of prey and the other kinds of birds ; b ) the different kinds of falcons ; c ) the way of preparing them for the hunt ; and d ) the cures for sick and wounded falcons.

Several of Alexander's works were published in the Aldine edition of Aristotle, Venice, 1495 – 1498 ; his De Fato and De Anima were printed along with the works of Themistius at Venice ( 1534 ); the former work, which has been translated into Latin by Grotius and also by Schulthess, was edited by J. C. Orelli, Zürich, 1824 ; and his commentaries on the Metaphysica by H. Bonitz, Berlin, 1847.

His work chronicled in Latin the history of Rome from 96 to 378, although only the sections covering the period 353 – 378 are extant.

His son, Edward Pococke the Younger, translated the work into Latin, though he was only able to publish less than half of his work.

He established his reputation publishing as a private scholar and, on the strength and quality of his work, was appointed Professor of Latin at University College London and later, at Cambridge.

Although Housman's early work and his sphere of responsibilities as professor included both Latin and Greek, he began to focus his energy on Latin poetry.

Classics Professor G. P. Goold at University College, wrote of Housman's scholarly accomplishments: " The legacy of Housman's scholarship is a thing of permanent value ; and that value consists less in obvious results, the establishment of general propositions about Latin and the removal of scribal mistakes, than in the shining example he provides of a wonderful mind at work ....

The Pregones Theater, which produces Latin American work, opened a new 130-seat theater in 2005 on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx.

Bede was moreover a skilled linguist and translator, and his work with the Latin and Greek writings of the early Church Fathers contributed significantly to English Christianity, making the writings much more accessible to his fellow Anglo-Saxons.

Bede quotes from several classical authors, including Cicero, Plautus, and Terence, but he may have had access to their work via a Latin grammar rather than directly.

One of these was his De arte metrica, a discussion of the composition of Latin verse, drawing on previous grammarians work.

Bede dedicated this work to Cuthbert, apparently a student, for he is named " beloved son " in the dedication, and Bede says " I have laboured to educate you in divine letters and ecclesiastical statutes " Another textbook of Bede's is the De orthographia, a work on orthography, designed to help a medieval reader of Latin with unfamiliar abbreviations and words from classical Latin works.

Edited by Jehan Lagadec in 1464, it was a trilingual work containing Breton, French and Latin.

Cranmer's work of simplification and revision was also applied to the Daily Offices, which were to become Morning, and Evening Prayer ; and which he hoped would also serve as a daily form of prayer to be used by the Laity, thus replacing both the late medieval lay observation of the Latin Hours of the Virgin, and its English equivalent, the Primer.

It was the final stage of the reformers ' work of removing all elements of sacrificial offering from the Latin Mass ; so that it should cease to be seen as a ritual at which the priest, on behalf of the faithful offered Christ's body and blood to God ; and might rather be seen as a ritual whereby Christ shared his body and blood, according to a different sacramental theology, with the faithful.

The archbishop is legally entitled to sign his name as " Cantuar " ( from the Latin for Canterbury ).

The Latin edition of the book was entitled Philosophus Autodidactus and it was an earlier novel that is also set on a deserted island.

The Latin translation of his philosophical novel, entitled Philosophus Autodidactus, published by Edward Pococke the Younger in 1671, had an influence on John Locke's formulation of tabula rasa in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.

A letter entitled Epistle to the Laodiceans, consisting of 20 short lines, is found in some editions of the Vulgate, which is a Latin translation from Greek.

He brought out, in the Annals of Oriental Literature ( London, 1820 ), an essay entitled, " Analytical Comparison of the Sanskrit, Greek, Latin and Teutonic Languages ", in which he extended to all parts of the grammar what he had done in his first book for the verb alone.

* He was so skilled in Latin verse that a comedy he wrote in his twentieth year, entitled Philodoxius, would later deceive the younger Aldus Manutius, who edited and published it as the genuine work of ' Lepidus Comicus '.

The movie, which was released in Japan on August 6, 1977, was edited down further and dubbed into English in 1978 ; entitled Space Cruiser Yamato or simply Space Cruiser, it was only given a limited theatrical release in Europe & Latin America, where it was called Patrulha Estelar ( Star Patrol ) or Astronave Intrepido ( Starship Intrepid ), though it was later released on video in most countries.

The Latin translation of his philosophical novel, entitled Philosophus Autodidactus, published by Edward Pococke the Younger in 1671, had an influence on John Locke's formulation of tabula rasa in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.

This is the case with Gallus Anonymus, the first historian to have described Poland in his work entitled Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum ( Deeds of the Princes of the Poles ), composed in sophisticated Latin.

" Most notable early medieval Polish works in Latin and the Old Polish language include the oldest extant manuscript of fine prose in the Polish language entitled the Holy Cross Sermons, as well as the earliest Polish-language Bible of Queen Zofia and the Chronicle of Janko of Czarnków from the 14th century, not to mention the Puławy Psalter.

King's Scholars are entitled to use the letters " KS " after their name and they can be identified by a black gown worn over the top of their tailcoats, giving them the nickname tugs ( Latin: togati, wearers of gowns ); and occasionally by a surplice in Chapel.

Most Gothic churches, unless they are entitled chapels, are of the Latin cross ( or " cruciform ") plan, with a long nave making the body of the church, a transverse arm called the transept and, beyond it, an extension which may be called the choir, chancel or presbytery.

In 1578 the manuscript, entitled Nova Plantarum, Animalium et Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia, was sent back to the Escorial in Madrid ; they were not translated into Latin by Francisco Ximenes until 1615.

The word " locust " has, at times, been employed controversially in English translations of Ancient Greek and Latin natural histories, as well as of Hebrew and Greek Bibles ; such ambiguous renderings prompted the 17th-century polymath Thomas Browne to include in the Fifth Book of his Pseudodoxia Epidemica an essay entitled Of the Picture of a Grasshopper, it begins:

In the kingdom of England, the medieval Latin word baro, baronis was used originally to denote a tenant-in-chief of the early Norman kings who held his lands by the feudal tenure of " barony " ( in Latin per baroniam ), and who was entitled to attend the Great Council which by the 13th century had developed into the Parliament of England.

In February 2001, Martin released a Spanish greatest hits album entitled La Historia, which went to number one for five weeks on the Billboard Top Latin Albums and debuted at number eighty-three on the Billboard 200.

There is also a legendary droit du seigneur (" the lord's right ", often conflated with the Latin phrase " ius primae noctis ") which alleged entitled the lord of an estate to take the virginity of the estate's virgins on the night of their marriage, a right which the lord can trade for money.

In 893, Asser wrote a biography of Alfred entitled The Life of King Alfred ; in the original Latin, the title is Vita Ælfredi regis Angul Saxonum.

Other works in Latin include three books of epigrams, and two short works entitled Salices and De Morte Christi Lamentatio on the Death of Christ ".

On 26 June 1812, Hahnemann presented a Latin thesis, entitled " A Medical Historical Dissertation on the Helleborism of the Ancients.

John Everard's historically important 1650 translation into English of the Corpus Hermeticum, entitled The Divine Pymander in XVII books ( London, 1650 ) was from Ficino's Latin translation ; it is no longer considered reliable by scholars.

The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides, of Anazarbus in Asia Minor, wrote a five-volume treatise concerning medical matters, entitled Περί ύλης ιατρικής in Greek or De materia medica in Latin.

In 1875, he had undertaken to compile a new Latin lexicon for the Clarendon Press, but the work proved more than he could accomplish, and in 1887 he published some of the results of twelve years ' labour in a volume entitled Contributions to Latin Lexicography, a genuine piece of original work.