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The Polish First Army (, 1 AWP for short, also known as Berling's Army ) was a Polish Army unit formed in the Soviet Union in 1944, from the previously existing Polish I Corps as part of the People's Army of Poland ( LWP ), a formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the East.
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Polish and First
A decade and a half later, the Polish anthropology student, Bronisław Malinowski ( 1884 – 1942 ), was beginning what he expected to be a brief period of fieldwork in the old model, collecting lists of cultural items, when the outbreak of the First World War stranded him in New Guinea.
In 1411, the First Peace of Thorn ended the Polish – Lithuanian – Teutonic War, in which the Teutonic Knights fought the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
* 1934: First tank equipped with diesel engine, the Polish 7TP.
Another example would be the former Soviet Union where only members of the Communist Party were allowed to vote or hold office ; the French First Republic government under the Directory ; and the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth ( only the nobility could vote ).
* Warta Poznań – men's football team ( Polish Champion: 1929, 1947 ), currently plays in the Polish First League.
First printed in Amsterdam in 1650 it was translated to French in 1651, German in 1676, English and Dutch in 1729 and Polish in 1963.
After the First World War and re-establishment of Polish independence, the convocation of parliament, under the democratic electoral law of 1918, became an enduring symbol of the new state's wish to demonstrate and establish continuity with the 300 year Polish parliamentary traditions established before the time of the partitions.
First of all parts of the territories that were transferred to the Silesian Piasts in 1178, were bought by the Polish kings in the second half of the 15th century ( the Duchy of Oświęcim in 1457 and the Duchy of Zator in 1494 ).
First published in Polish in 1931, the following year it was also translated into French and gained wider recognition in European academic circles.
The First Peace of Thorn ending the Polish – Lithuanian – Teutonic War was signed in the city in February 1411.
After First World War the Polish community starting having masses in Polish in Churches of Saint Ann and since 1921 in St. Martin church ; a Polish consulate was opened on the Main Square, and a Polish School was formed by Helena Adamczewska.
* The CREW — American Football Club – Champion of Polish American Football League 2007, First polish team played in Europen Competitions EFAF Cup in 2008.
On 11 February 1981, Jaruzelski was elected Prime Minister of Poland and became the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers ' Party on October 18 the same year.
Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth after the First Partition as a protectorate of Russian Empire 1773 – 1789
By 1790, on the political front, the First Polish Republic had deteriorated into such a helpless condition that it was successfully forced into an unnatural and ultimately deadly alliance with its enemy, Prussia.
Warsaw 1945: Willys MB | Willys jeep used by First Polish Army ( 1944-1945 ) | Polish First Army as part of US Lend-Lease program.
After Normandy, the airborne forces had been withdrawn to reform in England, re-forming into the First Allied Airborne Army of two British and three U. S. airborne divisions and a Polish brigade.
Polish and Army
The issue was acute because the exiled Polish Government in London, supported in the main by Britain, was still competing with the new Lublin Government formed behind the Red Army.
The Polish Home Army conducted a regular campaign of assassinations against top Nazi German officials in occupied Poland.
On 19 June 1651, the Polish Army numbered 14, 844 Polish cavalry, 2, 250 German-style cavalry, 11, 900 German-style infantry and dragoons, 2, 950 Hungarian-style infantry ( haiduks ), 1, 550 Lithuanian volunteers, and 960 Lipka Tatars.
Following the downfall of Czechoslovakia and occupation of its Czech part by Nazi Germany in 1939, Czechoslovak units and formations served with the Polish Army ( Czechoslovak Legion ), the French Army, the Royal Air Force, the British Army ( the 1st Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade ), and the Red Army ( I Corps ).
However some cavalry still served during the Second World War, notably in the Red Army, Italian Royal Army and the Polish Army.
Polish Army PT-91_Twardy # MID_Bizon-S | MID Bizon-S
The tactics of guerrilla warfare were used successfully in the 20th century by — among others — the Soviet partisans and the Polish Home Army and the OSS in Burma in World War II ; Mao Zedong and the People's Liberation Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War.
At the Battle of Vienna ( 1683 ), the Army of the Holy Roman Empire, led by the Polish King John III Sobieski, decisively defeated a large Turkish army, ending the western colonial Ottoman advance and leading to the eventual dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire in Europe.
After the outbreak of World War I, which confronted the partitioning powers against each other, Piłsudski's paramilitary units stationed in Galicia were turned into the Polish Legions, and as a part of the Austro-Hungarian Army fought on the Russian front.
The mid-August British-French talks with the Soviets on forming an anti-Nazi defensive military alliance had failed, in part over the Polish government's refusal to allow the Red Army to operate on Polish territory.
On 17 September the Red Army invaded eastern Poland and occupied the Polish territory assigned to it by the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, followed by co-ordination with German forces in Poland.
Kosinski also studied in the Soviet Union, and served as a sharpshooter in the Polish Army.
In 1945 Polish and Soviet troops seized the town and it was subsequently attached to Poland, while the remaining German population which had not fled the advancing Red Army was expelled.
On 18 March, the Polish Army re-enacted Poland's Wedding to the Sea ceremony, which had been celebrated for the first time in 1920 by General Józef Haller.
They cited the successes of the newly formed ( 15 January 1918 ) voluntary Red Army against Polish forces of Gen. Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki in Belarus, White forces in the Don region, and newly independent Ukrainian forces as proof that the Red Army could repel German forces, especially if propaganda and asymmetrical warfare were used.
His invention, known as the Polish mine detector, was used by the Allies alongside mechanical methods, to clear the German mine fields during the Second Battle of El Alamein when 500 units were shipped to Field Marshal Montgomery's Eighth Army.
Polish and (,
Bohdan Zynoviy Mykhailovych Khmelnytsky (, commonly transliterated as Khmelnytsky ; ; ) ( c. 1595 – 6 August 1657 ) was a hetman of the Zaporozhian Cossack Hetmanate of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth ( now part of Ukraine ).
Krzysztof Penderecki (, born 23 November 1933 ) is a Polish composer and conductor.
This agreement gave Lithuanians control of the city of Vilnius (, ), the old Lithuanian capital, but a city with a majority Polish population.
It is also known by its original title, Pieśń Legionów Polskich we Włoszech (, " Song of the Polish Legions in Italy "), or by its incipit, Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła (, " Poland is not yet lost " or " Poland has not yet perished ").
Slovak (, slovenčina, not to be confused with slovenski jezik or slovenščina, the native name of the Slovene language ), is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages ( together with Czech, Polish, Silesian, Kashubian, and
Solidarity (, pronounced ; full name: Independent Self-governing Trade Union " Solidarity " – Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy " Solidarność " ) is a Polish trade union federation that emerged on 31 August 1980 at the Gdańsk Shipyard under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa.
The Polish People's Party (, abbreviated to PSL ( traditionally translated as Polish Peasants ' Party ), is a centrist, agrarian, and Christian democratic political party in Poland.
Julian Karol Sochocki (, ; February 2, 1842, Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire – December 14, 1927, Leningrad, Soviet Union ) was a Polish mathematician.
The President of the Republic of Poland (, shorter form: Prezydent RP ) is the Polish head of state.
Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki (, ; May 31, 1640 – November 10, 1673 ), son of Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and his wife Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska, was ruler of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from September 29, 1669, to his death in 1673.
John III Sobieski (, ) ( 17 August 1629 – 17 June 1696 ) was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1674 until his death King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
Sigismund III Vasa (,, English exonym: Sigmund ; 20 June 1566 – 30 April 1632 ) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, a monarch of the united Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden ( where he is known simply as Sigismund ) from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599.
Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski (, ; born March 28, 1928 ) is a Polish American political scientist, geostrategist, and statesman who served as United States National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981.
The Armia Krajowa (, abbreviated AK ), or Home Army, was the dominant Polish resistance movement in World War II German-occupied Poland.
Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko (, ) (; February 12, 1746 – October 15, 1817 ) was a Polish ( sometimes described as Polish-Lithuanian ) and American general.
Three Colors: White (, ) is a 1994 Polish mystery comedy-drama film co-written, produced, and directed by Krzysztof Kieślowski.
Ladislaus Josephovich Bortkiewicz (,,, or ), August 7, 1868 – July 15, 1931 ) was an economist and statistician of Polish descent, who lived most of his professional life in Germany, where he taught at Strassburg University ( Privatdozent, 1895 – 1897 ) and Berlin University ( 1901 – 1931 ).
Richeza of Poland (, ; 12 April 1116 – after 25 December 1156 ), was a Polish princess and member of the House of Piast, and by her three marriages Queen consort of Sweden and Princess of the Principality of Minsk ( now the capital and largest city in Belarus ).
Ivonka Survilla or Surviłła (, born April 11, 1936 in Stoŭbcy, then part of Second Polish Republic ( West Belarus ), now in Minsk Voblast of Belarus, as Ivonka Shymaniets ;, ) is the current President of the Belarusian National Republic ( BNR ), the Belarusian government in exile.
The term Deluge (,, Cyrillic: Потоп ) denotes a series of mid-17th century campaigns in the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth.
In a stricter sense, the term refers to the Swedish invasion and occupation of the Commonwealth as a theater of the Second Northern War only ( 1655 – 1660 ); In Poland and Lithuania this period is called the Swedish Deluge (, ), and the term deluge ( or potop in Polish ) was popularized by Henryk Sienkiewicz, in his 1886 book The Deluge.
Sanation (, ) was a Polish political movement that came to power after Józef Piłsudski's May 1926 Coup d ' État.
The Polish 3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (, sometimes translated as 3rd Carpathian Infantry Division ), also commonly known as Christmas Tree Division due to the characteristic emblem, was an Allied unit fighting during World War II on the Italian Front.
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