However, because these translations as topaz all derive from the Septuagint translation topazi, which as mentioned above referred to a yellow stone that was not topaz, but probably chrysolite, it should be borne in mind that topaz is likely not meant here.

The Septuagint read this as " gods " and then corrected the translation to " angels ", which reading is taken up by the New Testament in Hebrews 2: 9 " But we see Jesus, who was made a little lower than the angels for the suffering of death, crowned with glory and honour ; that he by the grace of God should taste death for every man.

Although the Orthodox Church does respect the Hebrew Old Testament, it also believes the Septuagint tradition should be studied by the church, out of respect for both the New Testament writers and the Eastern Church tradition.

According to the Septuagint, Amram's family tree would be as follows:

The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox receive several additional books in to their canons based upon their presence in manuscripts of the ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, the Septuagint ( although some of these books, such as Sirach and Tobit, are now known to be extant in Hebrew or Aramaic originals, being found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls ).

The Eastern Orthodox receive the Septuagint as the textual basis for the entire Old Testament, in books both protocanonical and deuteroncanonical, to be used both in the Greek for liturgical purposes, and as the basis for translations in to the vernacular.

Even if the text of the Septuagint is proved to be the older, it does not necessarily follow that all these variations first arose after the Greek translation had been made, because two different editions of the same text might have been in process of development side by side ..."

The canonicity of these Greek additions has been a subject of scholarly disagreement practically since their first appearance in the Septuagint –- Martin Luther, being perhaps the most vocal Reformation-era critic of the work, considered even the original Hebrew version to be of very doubtful value.

Although the appellation Malachi has frequently been understood as a proper name, its Hebrew meaning is simply " My God's messenger " ( or ' His messenger ' in the Septuagint ) and may not be the author's name at all.

Another interpretation of the authorship comes from the Septuagint superscription, ὲν χειρὶ ἀγγήλου αὐτοῦ, which can be read as either " by the hand of his messenger " or as " by the hand of his angel ".

The Greeks use the word Anagignoskomena ( Ἀναγιγνωσκόμενα " readable, worthy to be read ") to describe the books of the Greek Septuagint that are not present in the Hebrew Tanakh.

The first mention of a diaspora created as a result of exile is found in the Septuagint in the phrase " esē diaspora en pasais basileias tēs gēs " translated to mean " thou shalt be a dispersion in all kingdoms of the earth ".

American theologian Edgar Goodspeed notes, " But the writer's Judaism is not actual and objective, but literary and academic, manifestly gained from the reading of the Septuagint Greek version of the Jewish scriptures, and his polished Greek style would be a strange vehicle for a message to Aramaic-speaking Jews or Christians of Jewish blood.

The translation process of the Septuagint can be broken down into several distinct stages, during which the social milieu of the translators shifted from Hellenistic Judaism to Early Christianity.

Jerome first embarked on a revision of the Psalms, translated from the revised Septuagint Greek column of the Hexapla, which later came to be called the Gallican version.

The Vatican Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments ' direction that the word " Lord " be used instead of Yahweh in English-language worship, and that the local equivalent to the Latin dominus ( Lord, Master ) be used in all vernacular worship, was based on the understanding that Jews at the time of Christ ( compare the Septuagint use of kurios, Greek for " Lord ") and also early Christians substituted other words rather than pronounce the name.

The MT is also widely used as the basis for translations of the Old Testament in Protestant Bibles, and in recent years ( since 1943 ) also for some Catholic Bibles, although the Eastern Orthodox continue to use the Septuagint, as they hold it to be divinely inspired.

Though the consonants differ little from the text generally accepted in the early 2nd century ( and also differ little from some Qumran texts that are even older ), it has numerous differences of both greater and lesser significance when compared to ( extant 4th century ) manuscripts of the Septuagint, a Greek translation ( made in the 3rd to 2nd centuries BCE ) of the Hebrew Scriptures that was in popular use in Egypt and Israel and that is believed by scholars to be the source often quoted in the New Testament.

It is to be distinguished from the lavabo, when the celebrant washes his hands with water only, reciting the words of ( KJV — in the Septuagint it is Psalm 25 ) at the offertory.

The Septuagint ( LXX ) has a different reading of Zechariah 14: 5 stating that a valley will be blocked up as it was blocked up during the earthquake during King Uzziah's reign.

Note: the Greek Septuagint ( LXX ) of Genesis includes an additional son of Japheth, " Elisa ", in between Javan and Tubal ; however, as this name is found in no other ancient source, nor in I Chronicles, he is almost universally agreed to be a duplicate of Elisha, son of Javan.

) pointed out that the Septuagint reads simply Rimmon, and argues that this may be a corruption of Migdon ( Megiddo ), in itself a corruption of Tammuz-Adon.

When Matthew 1: 22 states: " Behold the virgin shall be with child " it uses the Greek term " parthenos " as " virgin " as in the Septuagint translation of Isaiah, while the original Masoretic Isaiah uses the Hebrew " almah ".

To the same motive underlying his antagonism to the Apocrypha, namely, the desire to disarm Christians — especially Jewish Christians — who drew their " proofs " from the Apocrypha, must also be attributed his wish to emancipate the Jews of the Dispersion from the domination of the Septuagint, the errors and inaccuracies in which frequently distorted the true meaning of Scripture, and were even used as arguments against the Jews by the Christians.

Christian translations also tend to be based upon the Hebrew, though some denominations prefer the Septuagint ( or may cite variant readings from both ).

The Septuagint, from which Matthew seems to have got his spelling, uses the spellings Jeconiah, making it less likely that the name would be confused with Jehoiakim.

Jews, Protestants, and Catholics all use the Masoretic text as the textual basis for their translations of the protocanonical books ( those which are received by both Jews and all Christians ), with various emendations derived from a multiplicity of other ancient witnesses ( such as the Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Dead Sea Scrolls, etc.

Most of the quotations ( 300 of 400 ) of the Old Testament in the New Testament, while differing more or less from the version presented by the Masoretic text, align with that of the Septuagint.

The Septuagint version appears to agree more with the Qumran fragments rather than the Hebrew / Aramaic Masoretic text reflected in modern translations.

According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, " a comparison of the Masoretic text with the Septuagint throws some light on the last phase in the history of the origin of the Book of Jeremiah, inasmuch as the translation into Greek was already under way before the work on the Hebrew book had come to an end ...

* The Greek Book of Esther, included in the Septuagint, is a retelling of the events of the Hebrew Book of Esther rather than a translation and records additional traditions, in particular the identification of Ahasuerus with Artaxerxes and details of various letters.

" The Septuagint translates this into Greek as ketos megas, ( Greek: κητος μεγας ), " huge fish "; in Greek mythology the term was closely associated with sea monsters.

Following the Physiologus, Saint Isidore of Seville ( Book XII of the Etymologiae ) and Saint Ambrose expanded the religious message with reference to passages from the Bible and the Septuagint.

The Prophecy of Seventy Septets ( or literally ' seventy times seven ') appears in the angel Gabriel's reply to Daniel, beginning with verse 22 and ending with verse 27 in the ninth chapter of the Book of Daniel, a work included in both the Jewish Tanakh and the Christian Bible ; as well as the Septuagint.

Where the Diatessaron records Gospel quotations from the Jewish Scriptures, the text appears to agree with that found in the Syriac Peshitta Old Testament rather than that found in the Greek Septuagint — as used by the original Gospel authors.

The Greek and English name originates with the Septuagint translation of the 3rd century BCE.

Pamphilus and Eusebius occupied themselves with the textual criticism of the Septuagint text of the Old Testament and especially of the New Testament.

* Genesis in Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac, Greek, Latin, and English – The critical text of the Book of Genesis in Hebrew with ancient versions ( Masoretic, Samaritan Pentateuch, Samaritan Targum, Targum Onkelos, Peshitta, Septuagint, Vetus Latina, Vulgate, Aquila, Symmachus, and Theodotion ) and English translation for each version in parallel.

The African Synod of Hippo, in 393, approved the New Testament, as it stands today, together with the Septuagint books, a decision that was repeated by Councils of Carthage in 397 and 419.

He was aware that the Council of Jamnia, or mainstream rabbinical Judaism, had rejected the Septuagint as valid Jewish scriptural texts because of what were ascertained as mistranslations along with its Hellenistic heretical elements.

He acquired a knowledge of Hebrew by studying with a Jew who converted to Christianity, and took the unusual position ( for that time ) that the Hebrew, and not the Septuagint, was the inspired text of the Old Testament.

Jacob (;, ; Septuagint ; ; " heel " or " leg-puller "), also later known as Israel (,,, " persevere with God "; Septuagint ; ), as described in the Hebrew Bible, the Talmud, the New Testament and the Qur ' an was the third patriarch of the Hebrew people with whom God made a covenant, and ancestor of the tribes of Israel, which were named after his descendants.

Besides, the superscriptions prefixed to the book, in both the Septuagint and the Vulgate, warrant the supposition that Malachi's full name ended with the syllable-yah.

In Zechariah 3 this changes the vision of the conflict over Joshua the High Priest in the Septuagint into a conflict between " Jesus and the devil ", identical with the Greek text of Matthew.

The Septuagint is also useful for elucidating pre-Masoretic Hebrew: many proper nouns are spelled out with Greek vowels in the LXX, while contemporary Hebrew texts lacked vowel pointing.

All the books of western canons of the Old Testament are found in the Septuagint, although the order does not always coincide with the Western ordering of the books.