In 1453 when the last vestige of ancient Roman power fell to the Turks, the city officially shifted religions -- although the Patriarch, or Pope, of the Orthodox Church continued to live there, and still does -- and became the capital of the Ottoman Empire.

Principles of acoustics were applied since ancient times: Roman theatre ( structure ) | Roman theatre in the city of Amman.

Anavarza ) was an ancient Cilician city, situated in Anatolia in modern Turkey, in the present Çukurova ( or classical Aleian plain ) about 15 km west of the main stream of the present Ceyhan River ( or classical Pyramus river ) and near its tributary the Sempas Su.

A modest Turkish farming village lies to the southwest of the ancient city.

Ambracia, occasionally Ampracia (), was a city of ancient Greece on the site of modern Arta.

* Abydos ( Hellespont ), an ancient city of Mysia, in Asia Minor

Abydos ( Greek: Άβυδος ), an ancient city of Mysia, in Asia Minor, situated at Nara Burnu or Nagara Point on the best harbor on the Asiatic shore of the Hellespont.

Pope Leo I requests Genseric not destroy the ancient city or murder its citizens.

Amphipolis (: Amphípolis ) was an ancient Greek city in the region once inhabited by the Edoni people in the present-day region of Central Macedonia.

The present village Amfipoli (), named after the ancient city, occupies the site.

An ancient Roman festival, Actia, was named after Actium, in Nicopolis, the new city ( today Preveza, Greece ).

* Aquileia, an ancient Roman city in Italy

Also, there was an ancient statue, representing the god in chains, to indicate that the martial spirit and victory were never to leave the city of Sparta.

The Acropolis of Athens ( Greek: Ακρόπολη Αθηνών ) is an ancient citadel located on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens and containing the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historic significance, the most famous being the Parthenon.

It was named for its original capital, the ancient city of Assur ( Akkadian: ; Aramaic: ; Hebrew: ; Arabic: ).

Archeological site of Tossal de Manises, ancient Iberians | Iberian – Carthaginian – Ancient Rome | Roman city of " Akra-Leuke " or " Lucentum "

* " Archaeologists bringing Jerusalem's ancient Roman city back to life " by Nir Hasson, Ha ' aretz, February 21, 2012

It is a pilgrimage centre for the shrine of the Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti and is also the base for visiting Pushkar ( 11 km ), an ancient Hindu pilgrimage city, famous for the temple of Brahma.

Megiddo is mentioned twelve times in the Old Testament, ten times in reference to the ancient city of Megiddo, and twice with reference to " the plain of Megiddo ", most probably simply meaning " the plain next to the city ".

Alexandria Troas (" Alexandria of the Troad ", modern ) is an ancient Greek city situated on the Aegean Sea near the northern tip of Turkey's western coast, a little south of Tenedos ( modern Bozcaada ).

Byzantium (;, Byzántion ; Latin: ) was an ancient Greek city, founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 657 BC and named after their king Byzas ( Greek: Βύζας, Býzas, genitive Βύζαντος, Býzantos ).

Rather, the bishop is head of a titular see, which is usually an ancient city that used to have a bishop, but, for some reason or other, does not have one now.

Archaeological confirmation of Bethlehem as an Israelite city was uncovered in 2012 at the archaeological dig at the City of David in the form of a bulla ( seal impression in dried clay ) in ancient Hebrew script that reads " From the town of Bethlehem to the King ," indicating that it was used to seal the string closing a shipment of grain, wine, or other goods sent as a tax payment in the 8th or 7th century BCE.

The theological bias is seen in the way it judges each king of Israel on the basis of whether he recognises the authority of the temple in Jerusalem ( none do, and therefore all are " evil "), and each king of Judah on the basis of whether he destroys the " high places " ( rivals to the Temple in Jerusalem ); it gives only passing mention to important and successful kings like Omri and Jeroboam II and totally ignores one of the most significant events in ancient Israel's history, the battle of Qarqar.

" W. Sibley Towner suggests that Haggai's name might come " from his single-minded effort to bring about the reconstruction of that destination of ancient Judean pilgrims, the Temple in Jerusalem.

The ancient Jewish Historian Flavius Josephus narrates in his book Jewish Antiquities XII, how the victorious Judas Maccabeus ordered lavish yearly eight-day festivities after rededicating the Temple in Jerusalem that had been profaned by Antiochus IV Epiphanes.

Josephus ' reference to a " gate of the Essenes " in his description of the course of " the most ancient " of the three walls of Jerusalem, in the Mount Zion area, perhaps suggests an Essene community living in this quarter of the city or regularly gathering at this part of the Temple precincts.

Assuming Ignatius ' view was the Apostolic teaching and practice, the line of succession was unbroken and passed through the four ancient Patriarchal sees ( those local churches known to be founded by apostles ), Rome, Jerusalem, Antioch and Alexandria.

Jerusalem had an extensive library not only of ancient and medieval Latin works but of Arabic literature, much of which was apparently captured from Usamah ibn Munqidh and his entourage after a shipwreck in 1154.

The menorah ( ) is described in the Bible as the seven-branched ancient lampstand made of gold and used in the portable sanctuary set up by Moses in the wilderness and later in the Temple in Jerusalem.

The ancient diocese of Scythopolis was also relocated under the Archbishop of Nazareth, one of the four archdioceses in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

In the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, the visitation of certain ancient cult-centers was repressed in the 7th century BCE, when worship was restricted to the YHWH at the Temple in Jerusalem.

They derive from biblical chronology, mostly from the ancient genealogies in the books, Genesis to Second Kings, spanning the creation of the universe as the ancients understood it to the fall of Jerusalem with the destruction of its Temple in year 586 BC.

He hoped for the restoration of the ancient temple in Jerusalem, the exclusive right of Jews to settle on the West Bank of the Jordan River, and the creation of a state based on biblical law.

Each of the two ancient temples in Jerusalem was called Beit Hamikdash, which translates literally as " the Holy House.

Together with the minor basilica of St Lawrence outside the Walls, they were associated with the five ancient patriarchal sees of Christendom ( see Pentarchy ): St John Lateran was associated with Rome, St Peter's with Constantinople ( present-day Istanbul ), St Paul's with Alexandria ( in Egypt ), St Mary Major with Antioch ( the Levant ) and St Lawrence with Jerusalem.

William Blake mentioned the legend in a poem that became a popular hymn, " Jerusalem " ( see And did those feet in ancient time ).

Because of the ancient and primitive scenery in and around the Sassi, it has been used by filmmakers as the setting for ancient Jerusalem.

The five patriarchs of the ancient Pentarchy ( Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, in that order ) are to be given seniority of honour, but have no actual power over other bishops other than the power of the synod they are chairing ( and in which they also wield one vote ).

Between 1948 and 1967, when Jordanian authorities refused permission to Jews to enter the Old City of Jerusalem, Jews made pilgrimages to rooftops on Mount Zion and prayed towards the site of the ancient Holy of Holies.

A valley descending southwest from Jerusalem to the Valley of Elah below, it is an ancient route from the coastal plain to the Judean Hills, probably named after the legendary race of giants.

Tyropoeon Valley ( i. e., " Valley of the Cheesemakers ") is the name given by Josephus the historian ( Wars 5. 140 ) to the valley or rugged ravine, in the Old City of Jerusalem, which in ancient times separated Mount Moriah from Mount Zion and emptied into the valley of Hinnom.

According to the Bible, the Tower of Siloam was an ancient tower in Siloam in south Jerusalem, which fell during the time of Jesus, killing 18 people.

One of the major collections of rock-cut tombs in Israel is the necropolis of the ancient Kingdom of Judah, which had its capital in Jerusalem.

The body of pilgrims, forming a band of 42, 360, having completed the long and dreary journey of some four months, from the banks of the Euphrates to Jerusalem, were animated in all their proceedings by a strong religious impulse, and therefore one of their first concerns was to restore their ancient house of worship by rebuilding their destroyed Temple and reinstituting the sacrificial rituals known as the korbanot.

The deportation and exile of an unknown number of Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar II, starting with the first deportation in 597 BCE and continuing after the fall of Jerusalem and destruction of the Temple in 587 BCE, resulted in dramatic changes to Jewish culture and religion.