The first organized army of Afghanistan ( in the modern sense ) was established after the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1880 when the nation was ruled by Emir Abdur Rahman Khan.

However the Afghan campaign ultimately ended in disaster ( see Dost Mohammad and the British in Afghanistan for details of the first Anglo-Afghan war ).

Additionally, unlike the first two Anglo-Afghan wars where individual campaign ribbons were issued for separate engagements, no campaign medal was struck for this conflict.

* At the beginning of Study in Scarlet, the first of the Sherlock Holmes books, Dr. Watson is mentioned as having been wounded in the Second Anglo-Afghan War and invalided home.

The Treaty of Gandamak officially ended the first phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

In later years Josephus Daniels was to claim that World War 1, was the first in American history in which there was great concern for both the health and morals of our soldiers.

This central episode consists of a series of staccato scenes set in the period from the beginning of the present century up to the first World War.

As an Alsatian before the first World War he was of course of German nationality ; ;

As this year marks the centennial of the beginning of the Civil War, this fact is being commemorated with several exhibits throughout the State, but most of all paying tribute to the first Rhode Island Volunteers who rushed to the defense of the City of Washington, putting at the disposal of President Lincoln the only fully equipped and best trained regiment at this time.

Sturdy and strong after more than a century of continuous use, the old covered, wooden bridge that spans the Tygartis Valley River at Philippi will have a distinctive part in the week-long observance of the first land battle of the Civil War at its home site, May 28th to June 3rd.

Centering around this historic old structure, a group of public-spirited Barbour County citizens have organized and planned a week-long series of events, beginning on May 28th and continuing through June 3rd, to observe most appropriately the centennial of the first land engagement of the Civil War at Philippi.

The huge backlog of demand which was evident in the first decade and a half after the War was fed by liquid assets accumulated by the public during the War, and even more so by the easier and easier credit in the consumer loan and home loan fields.

Then in 1875, apparently in response to the nationalizing influence of the Civil War, Congress first gave the lower federal courts general authority -- concurrently with state tribunals -- to decide cases involving federal-right questions.

-- The first in a series of five productions will be held in War Memorial Auditorium Thursday, Oct. 26.

The idea that the Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic languages are closely related to each other was allegedly first published in 1730 by Philip Johan von Strahlenberg, a Swedish officer who traveled in the eastern Russian Empire while a prisoner of war after the Great Northern War.

The practices of total war, developed by Sherman in Georgia, the experimental use of the first usable predecessor of the machine gun and of trench warfare around Petersburg, all foreshadowed World War I in Europe.

* The Pennsic War, a massive gathering of the Society for Creative Anachronism, takes place about the first week of August every year.

She is one of a few characters who played a major part in the original cause of the Trojan War itself: not only did she offer Helen of Troy to Paris, but the abduction was accomplished when Paris, seeing Helen for the first time, was inflamed with desire to have her — which is Aphrodite's realm.

* 1572 – In the Eighty Years ' War, the Watergeuzen capture Brielle from the Spaniards, gaining the first foothold on land for what would become the Dutch Republic.

Underwater acoustics was used for detecting submarines in the first World War.

* 1927 – The Nanchang Uprising marks the first significant battle in the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and Communist Party of China.

The treaty was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War.

* 1942 – World War II: the Battle of Guadalcanal begins – United States Marines initiate the first American offensive of the war with landings on Guadalcanal and Tulagi in the Solomon Islands.

* 1975 – Takeo Miki makes the first official pilgrimage to Yasukuni Shrine by an incumbent prime minister on the anniversary of the end of World War II.

By 1865, following the American Civil War, stocks in small industrial companies, such as iron and steel, textiles and chemicals were first sold by curbstone brokers.

* 1943 – World War II: The Royal Air Force begins Operation Hydra, the first air raid of the Operation Crossbow strategic bombing campaign against Germany's V-weapon program.

* 1965 – Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins – United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the war.

* 1965 – Japanese prime minister Eisaku Satō becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit Okinawa Prefecture.

* 1808 – Battle of Vimeiro: British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro, Portugal, the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War.

The committee's final report, on December 30, 1907, stated, in part, that " the first scheme for playing baseball, according to the best evidence obtainable to date, was devised by Abner Doubleday at Cooperstown, New York, in 1839.

" The project, later called the Mills Commission, concluded that " Base Ball had its origins in the United States " and " the first scheme for playing baseball, according to the best evidence available to date, was devised by Abner Doubleday at Cooperstown, N. Y., in 1839.

The first mechanically-propelled 2-wheel vehicle may have been built by Kirkpatrick MacMillan, a Scottish blacksmith, in 1839, although the claim is open to dispute.

In the United States the first water caterpillar was patented in 1839 by William Leavenworth of New York.

The cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, that vital functions of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of cells.

In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841.

The German company Jordan & Timaeus sold the first known chocolate bar made from cocoa, sugar and goat's milk in 1839.

In Aberdeen, Scotland, the shipbuilders Alexander Hall and Sons developed the " Aberdeen " clipper bow in the late 1830s: the first was the Scottish Maid launched in 1839.

The third pandemic erupted in 1839, persisted until 1856, extended to North Africa, and reached South America, for the first time specifically infringing upon Brazil.

The first British person to see Darwin harbour appears to have been Lieutenant John Lort Stokes of HMS Beagle on 9 September 1839.

Shah Shujah Durrani | Shah Shujah became the last Durrani dynasty | Durrani ruler, who first reigned between 1803 and 1809, and again from 1839 to 1842.

William Grove produced the first fuel cell in 1839.

The term feudalism is recent, first appearing in French in 1823, Italian in 1827, English in 1839, and in German in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Welsh Physicist William Grove developed the first crude fuel cells in 1839.

Based on this work, the first fuel cell was demonstrated by Welsh scientist and barrister Sir William Robert Grove in the February 1839 edition of the Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science and later sketched, in 1842, in the same journal.

William Smith ( 1769 – 1839 ) drew some of the first geological maps and began the process of ordering rock strata ( layers ) by examining the fossils contained in them.

The idea of a group velocity distinct from a wave's phase velocity was first proposed by W. R. Hamilton in 1839, and the first full treatment was by Rayleigh in his " Theory of Sound " in 1877.

The production by Milan's La Scala of his first opera, Oberto in November 1839 achieved a degree of success, after which Bartolomeo Merelli, La Scala's impresario, offered Verdi a contract for three more works.

His victory at the Battle of Luchana ( 1836 ) turned the tide of the war, and in 1839, the Convention of Vergara put an end to the first Carlist insurrection.

Among the most important figures of the federal era include the first democratically elected president in Honduras, Dionisio de Herrera, a lawyer, whose government, begun in 1824 established the first constitution, Gen. Francisco Morazán, Federal President 1830-1834 and 1835 – 1839, whose figure embodies the ideal American Unionist, and José Cecilio del Valle, editor of the Declaration of Independence signed in Guatemala on September 15, 1821 and Foreign Minister of Mexico in 1823.

Although the Syrian hamster or golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus ) was first described scientifically in 1839, researchers were not able to successfully breed and domesticate hamsters until 1939.

* 1839 – Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta.