The title Freiherr derives from the fact that the holder held free ( allodial ) title to his land, unlike ordinary barons, who were originally knights ( Ritter ) in vassalage to a higher lord or sovereign, and unlike medieval German ministerials who were bound to provide administrative services for a lord.

* Freiherr, holder of an allodial barony – these are " higher " level of barons

The Latin term was tenens in capite ; In most countries allodial property could be held by laypeople or the church, however in England after the Norman Conquest, the king became in law the only holder of land by allodial title ; thus all the lands in England became the property of the Crown.

The modern agricultural sense of the word stems from the same origin, in that a mediaeval land -" holder " ( none " owned " land but the king himself under his allodial title ) under feudal land tenure might let it ( i. e. lease it out ) under a contract as a going concern ( not as a sub-infeudated fee ), that is to say as a unit producing a revenue stream, together with its workers, livestock and deadstock ( i. e. implements ), for exploitation by a tenant who was licenced by the contract, or firma, to keep all the revenue he could extract from the holding in exchange for fixed rents.

A Class B ( any school bus ), C ( any urban-transit-vehicle or highway-coach ), or D ( heavy trucks other than tractor-trailers ) license enables its holder to drive any truck-trailer combination with a registered-or actual-gross-vehicle-weight ( i. e., including towing-and towed-vehicle ) greater than 11 tonnes, that includes one trailer weighing no more than 4. 6 tonnes.

This fee was similar in character to the present meaning of contango, i. e., future delivery costing more than immediate delivery, and the charge representing cost of carry to the holder.

Oswiu then declared his judgment in favor of the holder of the keys, i. e. the Roman ( and Petrine ) practice.

Government bonds are conventionally considered to be relatively risk-free to a domestic holder of a government bond, because there is by definition no risk of default-the bond is a form of government obligation which is being discharged through the payment of another form of government obligation ( i. e. the domestic currency ).

A market system depends inherently on a stable money system to ensure that units of account and standards of deferred payment are uniform across all players-and to ensure that the balance of contracts due within that market system are accepted as a store of value, i. e. as " collateral " of the holder of the contract, which justifies " credit " from a lender of cash.

A European call option allows the holder to exercise the option ( i. e., to buy ) only on the option expiration date.

# Account holder canceling the cheque i. e. deliberately dishonoring the payment.

A holder of a benefice could retain the glebe for his own use, usually for agricultural exploitation, or he could " farm " it ( i. e. lease it ) to others and retain the rent as the income.

Capital gains earned on income in an RRSP are not taxed at the time the gain is realized ( i. e. when the holder sells a stock that has appreciated inside of their RRSP ) but they are taxed when the funds are withdrawn from the registered plan ( usually after converting to a registered income fund.

The term Arpalik (), or Arpaluk, refers to large estate ( i. e. sanjak ) entrusted to some holder of senior position, or to some margrave, as temporary arrangement before they were appointed to some appropriate position.

Shamarpa (; literally, " Person ( i. e. Holder ) of the Red Crown "), also known as Shamar Rinpoche or more formally Kunzig Shamar Rinpoche is a lineage holder of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism and the mind manifestation of Amitabha Buddha, He is traditionally associated with Yangpachen monastery near Lhasa.

Historically, the races were scored on the basis of a five-place tally: i. e. via an 8-6-4-3-2 scoring system, with the holder of the fastest race lap also receiving a bonus point.

* The holder of the < u > dominium directum </ u > is considered the superior ( i. e., the lord ); the holder of the < u > dominium utile </ u > is considered the inferior ( i. e., the vassal ).

* Magister, i. e. holder of Master's degree

As an example, a $ 1, 000 bond that can be redeemed by the holder at par at any time before the bond's maturity ( i. e. an American put option ).

A European patent application with the aim " to protect an assembly of pad holder and pad ", i. e. the Senseo coffee pods, was filed on September 30, 1998 by the Dutch firm " Sara Lee / DE N. V ." The European Patent Office granted on July 11, 2001.

Regalia can also stand for other attributes or virtues, i. e. what is expected from the holder.

The holder may not operate for valuable consideration, i. e. any form of reward, either financial or in kind.

It also permits the holder to act as a co-pilot of a multi-crew aircraft for which they are qualified: subject to their ( i ) holding a valid certificate of Multi-Crew Cooperation, ( ii ) having successfully completed an approved ATPL Theoretical Knowledge Course together with 14 ATPL theoretical examinations, ( iii ) having a valid Instrument Rating and Multi-Engine Class Rating.

From its holder he took his own canteen.

Rachel wore a smart hat and, because she had been warned recently about smoking, puffed at her cigarettes through a long ivory holder stained with lipstick.

A cardboard pattern cut to fit inside holder will help to prevent warping.

Figures 1 to 3 show photographic and schematic views of the test stand and of two different models of the anode holder.

The anode in figure 2 was mounted by means of the anode holder which was attached to a steel plug and disk.

The anode plug ( Figure 2 ) was inserted into a carbon anode holder.

Two pyrometers shown in figure 1 and 2 ( Pyrometer Instrument Co. Model 95 ) served for simultaneous measurement of the anode surface temperature and the temperature distribution along the anode holder.

Three thermocouples were placed at different locations in the aluminum disk surrounding the anode holder to determine its temperature.

Another anode holder used in the experiments is shown in figure 3.

In this design the anode holder is water cooled and the heat losses by conduction from the anode were determined by measuring the temperature rise of the coolant.

To reduce heat transfer from the hot gas to this anode holder outside the regime of the arc, a carbon shield was attached to the surface providing an air gap of 1/16 inch between the plate and the surface of the anode holder.

Temperatures of the shield and of the surface of the water-cooled anode holder were measured by thermocouples to account for heat received by the coolant but not originating from the anode plug.

The anode holder shown in figure 2 was designed with two goals in mind.

The heat losses of the holder were to be reduced as far as possible and they should be such that an accurate heat balance can be made.

The lower limit was determined by the fact that for smaller flow rates the arc started to strike to the anode holder instead of to the porous graphite plug and that it became highly unstable.

Simultaneously with the anode surface temperature and voltage measurements pyrometer readings were taken along the cylindrical surface of the carbon anode holder as indicated on figure 2.

This temperature was taken as environmental temperature to which the anode holder was exposed as far as radiation is concerned.

It is sufficiently small compared with the surface temperature of the anode holder, to make the energy flux radiated from the environment toward the anode holder negligible within the accuracy of the present measurements.

The reflection of radiation originating from the anode holder and reflected back to it by the surrounding metal surfaces should also be small because of the peculiar characteristic of the metal surfaces and of the specific geometry.

The total heat loss through the anode holder included also the heat conducted through the base of the cylindrical piece into the adjacent metal parts.

The total heat flux from the porous plug into the plug holder is thereby Af.

She slapped the receiver into its holder and stepped away.

Much energy is used in the vocalization and it takes a toll on the territory holder who may be displaced by a fitter rival if he tires.