The black letter law refers to the basic standard elements for a particular field of law, which are generally known and free from doubt or dispute.

The Evidence supporting this claim comes in the form of the Catecheses by Cyril where he continually refers to himself as bishop and a letter written by Cyril to Constantius in 351 where he refers to his vision of the burning cross in the sky as his “ First Fruits ”.

Dionysius Thrax in his Art of Grammar also refers to it as " for sending ( a letter )", from the verb epistéllō " send to ", a word from the same root as epistle.

Some scholars have argued that since the author of that letter has not identified himself as an apostle and actually refers to the apostles as a third party, he cannot be identified with the Jude who is listed as one of the Twelve.

Some scholars have suggested that this refers to the canonical Epistle to the Ephesians, contending that it was a circular letter ( an encyclical ) to be read to many churches in the Laodicean area.

In the history of writing symbols proceeded from ideographic ( such as an icon of a bull's head in a list inventory, denoting that the following numeral refers to head of cattle ) to logographic ( an icon of a bull denoting the Semitic word ʾālep " ox "), to phonetic ( the bull's head used as a symbol in rebus writing, indicating the glottal stop at the beginning of the word for " ox ", namely, the letter aleph ).

The ICAO code is based on the region and country of the airport — for example, Charles de Gaulle Airport has an ICAO code of LFPG, where L indicates Southern Europe, F, France, PG, Paris de Gaulle, while Orly Airport has the code LFPO ( the 3rd letter sometimes refers to the particular flight information region ( FIR ) or the last two may be arbitrary ).

The term refers to the shape of a letter box, a slot in a wall or door through which mail is delivered, being rectangular and wider than it is high.

In Western culture, a letter written by St. Augustine of Hippo in 415 AD about a story of a dreamer, Doctor Gennadius, refers to lucid dreaming.

He was now moving in ever more exalted social circles — a telegram to Markham in February 1907 refers to meetings with the Queen and Crown Prince of Portugal, and a later letter home reports lunching with the Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet and Prince Heinrich of Prussia.

In such 20th century usage, an " N " first letter refers to an aircraft registered in the USA.

A " C " for a second letter refers to a civil aircraft.

# 1 Cor 5: 9 (" I have written you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people ", NIV ) refers to an early letter, sometimes called the " warning letter ".

Paul refers to an earlier " letter of tears " in 2 Corinthians 2: 3-4 and 7: 8.

In Paul ’ s second letter to the Corinthians he again refers to himself as an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God and reassures the people of Corinth will not have another painful visit but what he has to say is not to cause pain but to reassure them the love he has for them.

The Introduction establishes Darwin's credentials as a naturalist and author, then refers to John Herschel's letter suggesting that the origin of species " would be found to be a natural in contradistinction to a miraculous process ":

In his book Guide to Dartmoor he refers to what is likely to have been the first letter box.

Michael Quinion and Patrick Hanks argue that the term refers to the Dutch nickname and surname Janneke ( from Jan and the diminutive-eke, meaning " Little John " or Johnny in Dutch ), Anglicized to Yankee ( in Dutch, the letter " J " is pronounced the same as the English consonantal " Y " sound ) and " used as a nickname for a Dutch-speaking American in colonial times ".

So for instance he was called rex sive dux (" King or Duke ") by one source ; Pope John XXII, in a letter to the King of France, refers to Gediminas as " the one who calls himself rex ".

In this letter he mentions " three Canopes, two bright and one obscure "; " bright " refers to the two Magellanic Clouds, and " obscure " refers to the Coalsack.

In his introduction, Blevins writes, " Since the time of F. C. Baur, very few scholars have doubted the Pauline authorship of the letter.

If the letter is not considered to be an authentic part of the Pauline corpus it might be dated during the late 1st century, possibly as late as 80 AD.

Those who are advocates of Pauline authorship defend the differences that there are between elements in this letter and those commonly considered the genuine work of Paul ( e. g. 1 Thessalonians ).

Tertullian ( c. a. d. 160 – 225 ) wrote that when it was discovered that a church elder had composed a pseudonymous work, The Acts of Paul ( which included a purported Pauline letter, 3 Corinthians ), the offending elder “ was removed from his office ” ( On Baptism 17 ).

If the letter to the Colossians is authentically Pauline, then Philemon must live in Colossae.

The lack of consensus regarding a date and destination ... reflects a dilemma for this position: on the one hand, the date needs to be early enough for the letter to be have been accepted as Pauline ... the other hand, the date and destination need to be such that the author could be confident that no contemporary of 1 Thessalonians ... could have exposed 2 Thessalonians as a ...

This " forceful maternal action ," as historian Pauline Croft describes it, obliged James to climb down at last, though he reproved Anne for " froward womanly apprehensions " and described her behaviour in a letter to Mar as " wilfulness.

In a letter to Pauline Viardot, Ivan Turgenev recorded his impressions of a concert he attended in which he met Mussorgsky and heard two of his songs and excerpts from Boris Godunov and Khovanshchina ):

In 1995, the UK local paper Kent Today talked to Pauline Day, whose Scientologist daughter Helen had sent a disconnection letter and then dropped all contact, even changing her phone number.

In 1820, Pauline Jaricot of Lyon received a letter from her brother, a student at the Seminary of St. Sulpice, in which he described the extreme poverty of the members of the Paris Foreign Missions Society.

It was obviously suggested by the lost genuine Pauline letter referred to in I Cor.

One day Ida receives a letter from Pauline, telling her about how their parents are fighting and how Pauline hates living with them.

* Jean Antoine de Barrau ( 1737-1795 ), In 1765, by letter of cachet, he makes lock up his wife ( Pauline de Solages ) with the convent.

The first nine probably date from the 3rd century BC, they are usually included among the Cynic epistles, and reflect how the Cynic philosophers viewed him as prefiguring many of their ideas ; the tenth letter is quoted by Diogenes Laertius, it is addressed to Croesus, the proverbially rich king of Lydia, it too is fictitious:

Colossians has some close parallels with the letter to Philemon — names of some of the same people ( e. g., Timothy, Aristarchus, Archippus, Mark, Epaphras, Luke, Onesimus, and Demas ) appear in both epistles.

Paul apparently dictated all his epistles through a secretary ( or amanuensis ), but wrote the final few paragraphs of each letter by his own hand.

Other sources are the epistles of Ignatius, which include one to Polycarp and another to the Smyrnaeans, and Polycarp's own letter to the Philippians.

All three Johannine epistles were recognised by the 39th festal letter of Athanasius, the Synod of Hippo and the Council of Carthage.

The letter often intends to establish theological points ( as in many of Paul's epistles ), to comfort in the face of persecution ( for example, 1 Peter ), or to exhort Christians to do good works ( James ).

Baha ’ u ’ llah himself in the Sixth Ishraq calls on the Universal House of Justice to decide the language question: “ In former epistles We have enjoined upon Trustees of the House of Justice either to choose one language from among those now existing or to adopt a new one …” And, this institution itself in its letter of 8 June 1980 has expanded: “ On the one hand this task is given to the governments of the world, on the other it is given to the House of Justice .” The selection question is probably ergo a process in at least two parts resting with – ( 1 ) the supreme governing body of the Baha ’ is of the world ( Haifa ) and ( 2 ) as stated on the last page of the Kitab-i-Aqdas with the parliaments of the world.

The latter was so upset on learning of the death of Morris, that he wrote Morgan a letter, showing his own warmhearted generosity.

A few weeks before the war, he went so far as to pen a letter to every governor asking for their support in ratifying the Corwin Amendment as a means to avoid secession.

The @ symbol was not used in continental Europe and the committee expected it would be replaced by an accented À in the French variation, so the @ was placed in position 40 < sub > hex </ sub > next to the letter A.

Alfred lamented in the preface to his translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care that " learning had declined so thoroughly in England that there were very few men on this side of the Humber who could understand their divine services in English, or even translate a single letter from Latin into English: and I suppose that there were not many beyond the Humber either ".

Gluck feared that the Parisian critics would denounce the opera by a young composer known mostly for comic pieces and so the opera was originally billed in the press as being a new work by Gluck with some assistance from Antonio Salieri, then shortly before the premiere of the opera the Parisian press reported that the work was to be partly by Gluck and partly by Salieri, and finally after popular and critical success were won on stage the opera was acknowledged in a letter to the public by Gluck as being wholly by the young Antonio.

Jerome states that Apollos was so dissatisfied with the division at Corinth, that he retired to Crete with Zenas, a doctor of the law ; and that the schism having been healed by Paul's letter to the Corinthians, Apollos returned to the city, and became its bishop.

There is also a U. S. Supreme Court case that predates the dictionary, Jackson ex dem Bradford v. Huntington, that uses the phrase " black letter " in the same sense as black letter law: " It is seldom that a case in our time savors so much of the black letter, but the course of decisions in New York renders it unavailable.

In 1981, nominee John Banville wrote a letter to The Guardian requesting that the prize be given to him so that he could use the money to buy every copy of the longlisted books in Ireland and donate them to libraries, " thus ensuring that the books not only are bought but also read — surely a unique occurrence.

The idea of a body so massive that even light could not escape was first put forward by geologist John Michell in a letter written to Henry Cavendish in 1783 of the Royal Society:

These are one capital letter in length, and the letters are reserved so they are not permitted to be given for the names of specific elements.

A letter from Queen Elizabeth ( later the Queen Mother ), dated 17 May 1947, showed " her decided lack of enthusiasm for the socialist government " and describes the British electorate as " poor people, so many half-educated and bemused " for electing Attlee over Winston Churchill, whom she saw as a war hero.

For example, he believed ( as most Romans ) that his ancestor Appius Claudius Caecus had used the censorship to introduce the letter " R " and so used his own term to introduce his new letters.

) The result of arranging a set of strings in alphabetical order is that words with the same first letter are grouped together, and within such a group words with the same first two letters are grouped together and so on.

The name Cernunnos can be read clearly on 18th century drawings of the inscriptions, but the initial letter has been obscured since, so that today only a reading ernunnos can be verified

A river delta ( originally, the Nile River delta ) is so named because its shape approximates the upper-case letter delta ( the shape is a triangle ).

In Old Castilian the letter x represented the sound written with sh in modern English, so the name was originally pronounced " ".

Jordan claims that Wollheim's first, ' laudatory ' letter convinced him that he could write, and so he chose to remember the first letter and forget about the second.

Part of Jude is very similar to 2 Peter ( mainly 2 Peter chapter 2 ), so much so that most scholars agree that there is a dependence between the two ; that either one letter used the other directly, or they both drew on a common source.

Whatever the reasons behind the duel, Galois was so convinced of his impending death that he stayed up all night writing letters to his Republican friends and composing what would become his mathematical testament, the famous letter to Auguste Chevalier outlining his ideas, and three attached manuscripts.

The first letter to the Thessalonians was likely the first of Paul's letters, probably written by the end of AD 52, making it, so far as is now known, the first written book in the New Testament.

An instruction consisted of a five-bit instruction code ( designed to be represented by a mnemonic letter, so that the Add instruction, for example, used the bit pattern for the letter A ), one unused spare bit, ten bits for a memory address, and one bit to control whether the instruction operated on a number contained in one word or two.