The " Metamagical Themas " columns ranged over many themes, and included, to name just three, one on patterns in Frederic Chopin's piano music ( particularly the études ), another on the concept of superrationality ( choosing to cooperate when the other party / adversary is assumed to be equally intelligent as oneself ), and one on the self-modifying game of Nomic, based on the way in which the legal system modifies itself, and developed by philosopher Peter Suber.

* 1946 – Peter Singer, Australian philosopher

Marx's biographer Francis Wheen considers the " history of the twentieth century " to be " Marx's legacy ", whilst philosopher Peter Singer believes that Marx's impact can be compared with that of Jesus Christ and Muhammad.

* Peter Gärdenfors ( 1949 -), philosopher and cognitive scientist

* 1805 – Peter Ernst von Lasaulx, German philosopher and writer ( d. 1861 )

Nomic is a game created in 1982 by philosopher Peter Suber in which the rules of the game include mechanisms for the players to change those rules, usually beginning through a system of democratic voting.

Peter Albert David Singer AC ( born 6 July 1946 ) is an Australian moral philosopher.

One of the notable popularizers of Speciesism is Australian philosopher Peter Singer – who had known Ryder from his own time as a postgraduate philosophy student at Oxford – in his Animal Liberation ( 1975 ).

Christian philosopher Peter Kreeft provides several answers to the problem of evil and suffering, including that a ) God may use short-term evils for long-range goods, b ) God created the possibility of evil, but not the evil itself, and that free will was necessary for the highest good of real love.

German philosopher Max Weber saw theodicy as a social problem, based on the human need to explain puzzling aspects of the world ; sociologist Peter L. Berger argued that religion arose out of a need for social order, and theodicy developed to sustain it.

Other biographers, such as Peter Ackroyd, have offered a more sympathetic picture of More as both a sophisticated philosopher and man of letters, as well as a zealous Catholic who believed in the authority of the Holy See over Christendom.

* Peter Verin, UVic's resident ' philosopher '

* Peter Abelard, philosopher

* Peter Abelard, French philosopher and logician

** Peter Geach, British philosopher

** Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher ( d. 1947 )

* Peter Abelard, French scholastic philosopher ( d. 1142 )

* July 20 – Peter Lombard, French scholastic philosopher ( b. c. 1100 )

The philosopher Peter Hallward argues that they are an aristocratic form of politics.

The moral philosopher Peter Singer, along with Kenneth Roth, has cited Israel's prosecution of Adolf Eichmann in 1961 as an assertion of universal jurisdiction.

In 1989, their performance in Zagreb started with the Serbian instrument the gusle and in Belgrade, the NSK philosopher Peter Malkar held a speech as a cynical parody of Slobodan Milošević's speeches in SAP Kosovo.

: " The previously unrelased track " Predictions of Fire " which Laibach readily contributed to this compilation functioned in an early version as background to a 1994 speech of the NSK philosopher Peter Mlakar and is followed by an ecstatic dance orgy.

* Peter of Candia also known as Antipope Alexander V, philosopher and scholar.

A famous poet and composer of songs, active in the early Middle Ages, was the philosopher Peter Abelard ( 1079 – 1142 ).

* Peter Lombard ( c. 1100 – 1160 ), a scholastic philosopher and bishop of the 12th century

* Kurt Singer, a philosopher

Singer names Hare and Australian philosopher H. D. McCloskey as his two most important mentors.

According to philosopher Helga Kuhse, Singer is " almost certainly the best-known and most widely read of all contemporary philosophers ".

* Peter Singer, a utilitarian philosopher

Another prominent position is that of philosopher Peter Singer, who argues that there are no grounds to include a being's species in considerations of whether their suffering is important in utilitarian moral considerations.

The philosopher Peter Singer has argued that the United Nations Millennium Development Goals represent the emergence of an ethics based not on national boundaries but on the idea of one world.

Among those who have argued in favor of health-care rationing are moral philosopher Peter Singer and former Oregon governor John Kitzhaber.

Peter Singer included Reasons and Persons on a top ten list of favourite books in The Guardian, stating that " Parfit's penetrating thought and spare prose make this one of the most exciting, if challenging, works by a contemporary philosopher ".

The previous year Forbes had issued a statement saying he would no longer donate money to Princeton University due to its hiring of philosopher Peter Singer, who views personhood as being limited to ' sentient ' beings and therefore considers some disabled people and all infants to lack this status.

Animal Liberation is a 1975 book by Australian philosopher Peter Singer.

The philosopher Peter Singer is a notable proponent of this argument.

The book Practical Ethics is an introduction to applied ethics written by modern bioethical philosopher Peter Singer.

Marcus George Singer is an American philosopher, born in 1926.

They explain why philosopher Peter Singer suggests that if we saw a child drowning and could intervene to save him, we should do so, no matter the damage to our clothing or shoes or how late it might make us for a meeting.

Other TV presenting roles include BBC Northern Ireland's weekly late-night television interview series " William Crawley Meets ...", face-to-face interviews of 30 minutes in duration with leading thinkers and social reformers from across the world, including the philosopher Peter Singer, the scientist Richard Dawkins, the writer and broadcaster Melvyn Bragg, and the gay bishop Gene Robinson.

It was in a review of Animals, Men and Morals for the New York Review of Books that Australian philosopher Peter Singer first put forward his basic arguments, based on utilitarianism and drawing an explicit comparison between women's liberation and animal liberation.