In this, some base signal ( e. g., a sinusoidal carrier wave ) has one of its properties modulated: amplitude modulation involves altering the amplitude of a sinusoidal voltage waveform by the source information, frequency modulation changes the frequency.

In radio communication, a continuous wave radio-frequency signal ( a sinusoidal carrier wave ) has its amplitude modulated by an audio waveform before transmission.

The audio waveform modifies the amplitude of the carrier wave and determines the envelope of the waveform.

Each partial is a sine wave of different frequency and amplitude that swells and decays over time.

# The description of nature is essentially probabilistic, with the probability of an event related to the square of the amplitude of the wave function.

In summary, an AM signal consists of alternating positive and negative peaks of a radio carrier wave, whose amplitude or envelope is proportional to the original audio signal.

The wave that emerges from a point source has amplitude at location r that is given by the solution of the frequency domain wave equation for a point source ( The Helmholtz Equation ),

They add together to give a resultant wave whose amplitude, and therefore intensity varies randomly.

Rather than varying (" modulating ") the amplitude of a radio wave to encode an audio signal, the new method varied the frequency.

Because a different population of anterior horn cells is stimulated with each stimulation, each F wave have a slightly different shape, amplitude and latency.

* amplitude ( µV )-F wave height

In this treatment, the coefficient r is the ratio of the reflected wave's complex electric field amplitude to that of the incident wave.

The coefficient t is the ratio of the transmitted wave's electric field amplitude to that of the incident wave.

The red dot overtakes two green dots when moving from the left to the right of the figure. New waves seem to emerge at the back of a wave group, grow in amplitude until they are at the center of the group, and vanish at the wave group front. For surface gravity waves, the water particle velocities are much smaller than the phase velocity, in most cases.

The wave amplitude s of the components are respectively 1, 2 and 1 metre.

The complex amplitude of the primary wave at the point Q located at a distance r < sub > 0 </ sub > from P < sub > 0 </ sub > is given by

In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two waves superimpose to form a resultant wave of greater or lower amplitude.

In QAM, an inphase signal ( the I signal, for example a cosine waveform ) and a quadrature phase signal ( the Q signal, for example a sine wave ) are amplitude modulated with a finite number of amplitudes, and summed.

** Node ( physics ), a point along a standing wave where the wave has minimal amplitude

This results in constructive interference and an increase in the amplitude of the wave, which for light is associated with a brightening of the waveform in that location.

The observed intensity of the radio emission of Venus is much higher than the expected thermal intensity, although the spectrum indicated by measurements at wave lengths near 3 cm and 10 cm is like that of a black body at about 600-degrees.

Mars has been observed twice at about 3-cm wave length, and the intensity of the observed radiation is in reasonable agreement with the thermal radiation which might be predicted on the basis of the known temperature of Mars.

No attempts to measure the radio emission of the remaining planets have been reported, and, because of their distances, small diameters, or low temperatures, the thermal radiation at radio wave lengths reaching the earth from these sources is expected to be of very low intensity.

The radio radiation of the sun which is reflected from the moon and planets should be negligible compared with their thermal emission at centimeter wave lengths, except possibly at times of exceptional outbursts of solar radio noise.

An ordinary sea wave is rarely more than a few hundred feet long from crest to crest -- no longer than 320 feet in the Atlantic or 1,000 feet in the Pacific.

The greater the depth of the water, the greater is the speed of the wave ; ;

Generally the first salvo of a tsunami is a rather sharp swell, not different enough from an ordinary wave to alarm casual observers.

A tsunami is not a single wave but a series.

The waves are separated by intervals of 15 minutes to an hour or more ( because of their great length ), and this has often lulled people into thinking after the first great wave has crashed that it is all over.

The `` moving '' picture of the train or the wave coming at the audience is, to be sure, more intense than a still picture of the same subject, but the difference is really one of degree ; ;

-- A wave of public resentment against corruption in government is rising in Massachusetts.

This is mainly due to the immigration wave of the 1990s.

Amplitude modulation ( AM ) is a technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave.

This is used by radio amateurs to transmit Morse code and is known as continuous wave ( CW ) operation.

Aristotle ( 384-322 BC ) understood that sound consisted of contractions and expansions of the air " falling upon and striking the air which is next to it ...", a very good expression of the nature of wave motion.

There is one fundamental equation that describes sound wave propagation, but the phenomena that emerge from it are varied and often complex.

The central stage in the acoustical process is wave propagation.

The lowest possible energy an electron can take is therefore analogous to the fundamental frequency of a wave on a string.

) A state is actually a function of the coordinates of all the electrons, so that their motion is correlated, but this is often approximated by this independent-particle model of products of single electron wave functions.

Fundamentally, an atomic orbital is a one-electron wave function, even though most electrons do not exist in one-electron atoms, and so the one-electron view is an approximation.

In states where a quantum mechanical particle is bound, it must be localized as a wave packet, and the existence of the packet and its minimum size implies a spread and minimal value in particle wavelength, and thus also momentum and energy.

In the bow and stern technique, an anchor is set off each the bow and the stern, which can severely limit a vessel's swing range and also align it to steady wind, current or wave conditions.

In his article The Old Man and the Daiquiri, Wayne Curtis tells us how Hemingway ’ s “ home bar also held a bottle of Bacardí rum .” Hemingway wrote in Islands in the Stream “… this frozen daiquirí, so well beaten as it is, looks like the sea where the wave falls away from the bow of a ship when she is doing thirty knots .”

This also brought a large wave of immigrants from European and Middle Eastern countries.

The active regions involve all the phenomena directly linked to the magnetic field, which occur at different heights on the Sun's surface: sunspots and faculae, happening in the photosphere, spicules, Hα filaments and plages in the chromosphere, prominences in the chromosphere and transition region, and flares and coronal mass ejections happening in the corona and chromosphere, but if flares are very violent can perturb also the photosphere and generate a Moreton wave, as described by Uchida.

Multi-frequency signaling ( see also MF ) is a group of signaling methods that use a mixture of two pure tone ( pure sine wave ) sounds.

The particle nature is more easily discerned if an object has a large mass, and it was not until a bold proposition by Louis de Broglie in 1924 that the scientific community realised that electrons also exhibited wave – particle duality.

Thermal erosion also affects the Arctic coast, where wave action and near-shore temperatures combine to undercut permafrost bluffs along the shoreline and cause them to fail.

In the 19th century, esotericism is also represented by certain aspects of the philosophy, literature and science associated with Romanticism, by spiritualism, and by a notable French wave of occultism.

Since ECMWF runs a wave model, there are also predictions of coastal waves and storm surges in European waters which can be used to provide warnings.

They also contribute to the desired effect of converting the ( kinetic energy ) push of the sloped wave face combined with the rider's mass on the sloped wave face ( potential energy ) into redirected energy-lift ( lift ( physics ))-the surfer deflects his surfboard and fins off the water of the wave face ( and / or vice-versa ) to make forward progress across the wave face, or " down the line ," that is, parallel to the wave crest and beach-riding parallel to the crest ( perpendicular to the pull of gravity down the wave's slope ) in this way is known as " trimming.

Rail fins also add lift ( known as " drive ") in trim and with greater holding ability, enable steeper wave faces to be ridden and higher speed " down the line.

The Art Nouveau movement in particular made great use of glass, with René Lalique, Émile Gallé, and Daum of Nancy important names in the first French wave of the movement, producing colored vases and similar pieces, often in cameo glass, and also using lustre techniques.

Recently, there has also been a wave of games designed as spin-offs of popular novels, such as the games taking their style from the German bestsellers Der Schwarm and Tintenherz.

As a result, the envelope of the wave packet not only moves, but also distorts.

The position at a given time t also depends on the phase, φ, which determines the starting point on the sine wave.

The solution of the Schrödinger equation goes much further than the Bohr model, because it also yields the shape of the electron's wave function (" orbital ") for the various possible quantum-mechanical states, thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds.

It also refers to integrated switching and transmission in that telephone switching and carrier wave transmission are integrated rather than separate as in earlier technology.

The wave feature is another prominent design, which uses a part of the blade that protrudes outward to catch on one's pocket as it is drawn, thus opening the blade ; this was patented by Ernest Emerson and is not only used on many of the Emerson knives, but also on knives produced by Spyderco and Cold Steel as well.

Typically a high-frequency sinusoid waveform is used as carrier signal, but a square wave pulse train may also be used.

This is also known as a wave of depolarization.