Soirées de St. Pétersbourg (" The Saint Petersburg Dialogues ", 1821 ) is a theodicy in the form of a Platonic dialogue, in which Maistre argues that evil exists because of its place in the divine plan, according to which the blood sacrifice of innocents returns men to God, via the expiation of the sins of the guilty ; Maistre saw this is a law of human history, as indubitable as it is mysterious.

At the core, apocalypses are a form of theodicy.

Major Steven E. Walburn argues in a 1998 article in The Air Force Law Review that this form of guilty plea should be adopted for usage by the United States military.

Some classical rabbinical literature argues that this was the original form of the name and was a reference to the advanced age of Jacob when Benjamin was born.

Universities may try to create community through all freshman reads, freshman seminars, and school pride ; however, Nathan argues students will only form communities based on the attributes, such as age and pop culture, that they bring with them to college.

Railton argues that Williams's criticisms can be avoided by adopting a form of consequentialism in which moral decisions are to be determined by the sort of life that they express.

Davis argues these rifts were so deep and lasting that neither Germany nor Italy were able to form a cohesive nation state until the nineteenth century.

In the essay a blind English mathematician named Saunderson argues that since knowledge derives from the senses, then mathematics is the only form of knowledge that both he and a sighted person can agree about.

Silvermintz notes that, " Historians of economic thought credit Plato, primarily on account of arguments advanced in his Republic, as an early proponent of the division of labor .” Notwithstanding this, Silvermintz argues that, " While Plato recognizes both the economic and political benefits of the division of labor, he ultimately critiques this form of economic arrangement insofar as it hinders the individual from ordering his own soul by cultivating acquisitive motives over prudence and reason.

* Essenes and Others: argues that the Hebrew original form of the name later spelled " Essenes " is in some Qumran scrolls as a self-designation.

Berendt defines jazz as a " form of art music which originated in the United States through the confrontation of blacks with European music "; he argues that jazz differs from European music in that jazz has a " special relationship to time, defined as ' swing '", " a spontaneity and vitality of musical production in which improvisation plays a role "; and " sonority and manner of phrasing which mirror the individuality of the performing jazz musician ".

( This also argues against automatic OS updates in critical systems ; in both cases, the OS and libraries form part of a qualified environment.

Philosopher Mary Midgley, among others, argues that materialism is a self-refuting idea, at least in its eliminative form.

That molecular gas occurs predominantly in the spiral arms argues that molecular clouds must form and dissociate on a timescale shorter than 10 million years — the time it takes for material to pass through the arm region.

Most commonly, nihilism is presented in the form of existential nihilism, which argues that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value.

Moore goes on to explain that he pays special attention to the fallacy as it occurs in ethics, and identifies that specific form of the fallacy as ' naturalistic ', because ( 1 ) it is so commonly committed in ethics, and ( 2 ) because committing the fallacy in ethics involves confusing a natural object ( such as survival or pleasure ) with goodness, something that is ( he argues ) not a natural object.

Commenting on Singer's article " Heavy Petting ," in which he argues that zoosexual activity need not be abusive, and that relationships could form which were mutually enjoyed, Ingrid Newkirk, president of the animal rights group PETA, argued that, " If a girl gets sexual pleasure from riding a horse, does the horse suffer?

Paul Rahe, for instance, argues that the classical republics had a form of government with few links to those in any modern country.

Zeikowitz argues that the narrator of the poem seems entranced by the Knight's beauty, homoeroticising him in poetic form.

" Halliday argues that this functional organization of language " determines the form taken by grammatical structure ".

In Satisficing Consequentialism Michael Slote argues for a form of utilitarianism where “ an act might qualify as morally right through having good enough consequences, even though better consequences could have been produced .” One advantage of such a system is that it would be able to accommodate the notion of supererogatory actions.

Among leading language-usage commentators, Garner's Modern American Usage acknowledges that " website " is the standard form, but Bill Walsh, of The Washington Post, argues for using " Web site " in his books and on his website ( however, The Washington Post itself uses " website ").

But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking.

Barro argues in favor of adopting some form of " monetary constitution " that will provide stability to monetary policy rather than allowing decisions about monetary policy to be made on the basis of politics, but suggests that what form this constitution takes — for example, a gold standard, some other commodity-based standard, or a fiat currency with fixed rules for determining the quantity of money — is considerably less important.

Shah argues that the Arabic name aghlaq-which was given to such sufi masters-with plural form " aghlaqueen " pronounced with the guttural gh-as the Spanish jota, would have given the word Harlequin.

Many of them sincerely believe that the use of liquor in any form or in any degree is intrinsically evil and sinful.

" Bibas notes that prominent plea bargain critic Albert Alschuler supports the use of this form of plea, writing, " He views them as a lesser evil, a way to empower defendants within a flawed system.

This " sense of shame " is an internalisation of duty, where the punishment precedes the evil action, instead of following it in the form of laws as in Legalism.

In this most common form of Gnosticism the Demiurge had an inferior though not intrinsically evil function in the universe as the head of the animal, or psychic world.

The modern English word " evil " ( Old English ) and its cognates such as the German and Dutch are widely considered to come from a Proto-Germanic reconstructed form of * ubilaz, comparable to the Hittite huwapp-ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European form and suffixed zero-grade form.

In plotlines mirroring the negative reaction of non-commercial artists to the commercialization of the art form by companies like IBM ( and, later, Sony itself ) the Rakugaki Ōkoku series ( 2003 – 2005 ) for Sony's PlayStation 2 revolves around an anonymous hero and his magically imbued-with-life graffiti creations as they struggle against an evil king who only allows art to be produced which can benefit him.

Justin Martyr, in the early 2nd century, mentions the " memoirs of the apostles ", which Christians called " gospels " and which were regarded as on par with the Old Testament, which was written in narrative form where " in the biblical story God is the protagonist, Satan ( or evil people / powers ) are the antagonists, and God ’ s people are the agonists ".

Wearing of amulets and devotional medals to provide protection or ward off evil is common in some cultures ; these may take the form of symbols ( such as the ankh ), stones, plants, animals, body parts ( such as the Khamsa ), or glyphs ( such as stylised versions of the Throne Verse in Islamic art ).

The Traditions replenished their numbers ( which had been diminished by the withdrawal of two Traditions, the secretive Ahl-i-Batin, and the Solificati, alchemists plagued by scandal ) with former Technocrats from the Sons of Ether and Virtual Adepts factions, vying for the beliefs of sleepers and with the Technocracy, and perpetually wary of the Nephandi ( who consciously embrace evil and service to a demonic or alien master ) and the Marauders ( who resist Paradox with a magical form of madness ).

However, as soon as the light is expelled from their bodies and falls to the earth ( some in the form of abortions – the source of fallen angels in the Manichaean myth ), the evil beings continue to swallow up as much of it as they can to keep the light inside of them.

This reason is believed to be embodied, in its most abstract form, in the concept of a primary precept: " Good is to be sought, evil avoided.

This form of panentheism helps in overcoming the problem of evil and in proposing that God's love for the world is essential to who God is.

Doctrines of hell, particularly those involving eternal suffering, pose a particularly strong form of the problem of evil ( see problem of hell ).

In its strongest form, this view may identify evil as an absence of God, who is the sole source of that which is good.

A verse in the Book of Isaiah is interpreted in the King James Bible as " I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I the LORD do all these things .".

It should be observed that the universal perfection to which evil in some form is necessary, is the perfection of this universe, not of any universe: metaphysical evil, that is to say, and indirectly, moral evil as well, is included in the design of the universe which is partially known to us ; but we cannot say without denying the Divine omnipotence, that another equally perfect universe could not be created in which evil would have no place.

Werewolves in European tradition were mostly evil men who terrorized people in the form of wolves on command of the Devil, though there were rare narratives of people being transformed involuntarily.

The comic focused on a common human theme of good versus evil and later included storylines and themes about prejudice and racism, all of which have persisted throughout the series in one form or another.