Under the Ottomans, Bethlehem's inhabitants faced unemployment, compulsory military service, and heavy taxes, resulting in mass emigration, particularly to South America.

Under the Ottomans, Cairo expanded south and west from its nucleus around the Citadel.

Under the Ottomans, the Maghreb was divided into three provinces, Algiers, Tripoli and Tunis.

Under fire from two sides, the Ottomans were quickly forced to withdraw to the Dardanelles.

Under the looming threat of Spanish military presence, England was eager to secure an alliance with the Ottomans, the two nations together having the capability to divide the power.

Under the Ottomans, the towns of Bursa and Edirne became the main centers of learning.

Under the Ottomans, the city was known officially as Kandiye ( again also applied to the whole island of Crete ) but informally in Greek as Megalo Castro ( Μεγάλο Κάστρο ; " Big Castle ").

Under Köprülü's leadership the Ottomans halted an Austrian advance into Serbia and crushed an uprising in Bulgaria until Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha was killed in the Battle of Slankamen by Austrian forces.

Under the Ottomans Urfa was a centre of trade in cotton, leather, and jewellery.

Under eastern influence, the armament of the cavalrymen was lightened and their speed and mobility increased, which added to the successes of the Polish cavalry in numerous wars against Muscovy, Ottomans and the Tartars.

Under fire from two sides, the Ottomans were quickly forced to withdraw to the Dardanelles.

Under the Ottomans the island was called Sömbeki.

Under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros, the Ottomans agreed to pull their troops out of the Transcaucasus to make way for British occupation at the close of the First World War.

Under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros, the Ottomans agreed to pull their troops out of the Transcaucasus to make way for the forthcoming British military presence.

Under the Ottomans the area was known as the sanjak ( or governorate ) of Alexandretta.

Under the Ottomans the island decayed deeply.

Under the Ottomans, it was known as Baliabadra, from the Greek Παλαιά Πάτρα, as opposed to Νέα Πάτρα, the town of Ypati in Central Greece.

* Khatib, Hisham ( 2003 ) Palestine and Egypt Under the Ottomans: Paintings, Books, Photographs, Maps and Manuscripts I. B. Tauris, ISBN 1-86064-888-6

Under the Ottomans, Naupactos was known as İnebahtı and was the seat of a Turkish sanjak.

Under Köprülü's leadership the Ottomans halted an Austrian advance into Serbia and crushed an uprising in Bulgaria.

Under cover of darkness the Ottomans retreated in haste, bearing their wounded in 140 wagons.

Under the Ottomans, Palestine's Arab population mostly saw themselves as Ottoman subjects.

Under the Ottomans, Tighina was renamed Bender, while Chilia lost importance due to the construction of the Ismail fortress at the location of the Moldavian village Smil.

Under the Ottomans Jerusalem would become a cosmopolitan city where religious tolerance to some degree functioned well and a corrupt but reasonable Ottoman administration functioned to sort out religious differences between the rival Christian churches and between the rival religions.

The result was the `` Gross Report '', prepared by Gross, as chairman, with the assistance of two U.N. Under Secretaries, Constantin Stavropoulos and Philippe De Seynes.

Under Fosdick the first executive officer of the CTCA was Richard Byrd, whose name in later years was to become synonymous with activities at the polar antipodes.

Under any name -- Mr. Speaker, Mr. Democrat, Mr. Sam -- he was a good man.

Under the trees, there was a dead redcoat, a young boy with a pasty white skin and a face full of pimples, who had taken a rifle ball directly between the eyes.

Under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research and the Advanced Research Projects Agency, a data center was established to gather and index all published information on atomic transition probabilities.

Under the circumstances, I had difficulty keeping up with the conversation on the phone, but when I hung up I was reasonably certain that Francesca had wanted to remind me of our town meeting the next evening, and how important it was that Hank and I be there.

Under the 1939 Code this item was permitted to survive a tax-free reorganization in the Stanton Brewery case, but only over the dissent of Judge Learned Hand, who wrote the majority opinion in the Sansome case, a leading case requiring carryover of earnings and profits in a non-taxable reorganization.

The infamous Wansee Conference called by Heydrich in January 1942, to organize the material and technical means to put to death the eleven million Jews spread throughout the nations of Europe, was attended by representatives of major organs of the German state, including the Reich Minister of the Interior, the State Secretary in charge of the Four Year Plan, the Reich Minister of Justice, the Under Secretary of Foreign Affairs.

Under normal circumstances Casey was a little fussy when people told him what to do with pictures he had taken.

Under the Cronquist system, only the Apiaceae and Araliaceae were included here, and the restricted order was placed among the rosids rather than the asterids.

Under the Cronquist system of taxonomic classification of flowering plants Asteraceae was the only family in the group, but newer systems ( such as APG II and APG III ) have expanded it to eleven.

Under Arianism, Christ was instead not consubstantial with God the Father since both the Father and the Son under Arius were made of " like " essence or being ( see homoiousia ) but not of the same essence or being ( see homoousia ).

Under instructions from the emperor, he undertook an invasion of southern Scotland, winning some significant victories, and constructing the Antonine Wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, although it was soon abandoned for reasons that are still not quite clear.

Under the early Roman empire the place was known as Caesarea, and was the metropolis of Cilicia Secunda.

Under Ambrose's major influence, emperors Gratian, Valentinian II and Theodosius I carried on a persecution of Paganism .< ref name = " MacMullen1984p100 "> MacMullen ( 1984 ) p. 100: ‘ The law of June 391, issued by Theodosius [...] was issued from Milan and represented the will of its bishop, Ambrose ; for Theodosius — recently excommunicated by Ambrose, penitent, and very much under his influence < sup > 43 </ sup > — was no natural zealot.

See also note 43 at p. 163, with references to Palanque ( 1933 ), Gaudemet ( 1972 ), Matthews ( 1975 ) and King ( 1961 )</ ref > Under Ambrose's influence, Theodosius issued the 391 " Theodosian decrees ," which with increasing intensity outlawed Pagan practises, and the Altar of Victory was removed by Gratian.

Under the care of his mother, he was given not only that religious and Oriental education which his position as the religious leader of the Ismailis made indispensable, but a sound European training, a boon denied to his father and paternal grandfather.

Under the leadership of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III, the first half of the 20th century was a period of significant development for the Ismā ' īlī community.

Under Sargon and his successors, Akkadian language was briefly imposed on neighboring conquered states such as Elam.

Under Michael VII Doukas Parapinakes ( 1071 – 1078 ) and Nikephoros III Botaneiates ( 1078 – 1081 ), he was also employed, along with his elder brother Isaac, against rebels in Asia Minor, Thrace, and in Epirus.

Under Canute VI, Absalon was the chief policymaker in Danish politics.