Neurons generate electrical signals that travel along their axon s. When a pulse of electricity reaches a junction called a synapse, it causes a neurotransmitter chemical to be released, which binds to receptors on other cells and thereby alters their electrical activity.

When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor ( GEF ).

When oxygen binds to the iron complex, it causes the iron atom to move back toward the center of the plane of the porphyrin ring ( see moving diagram ).

When it is present at a much higher concentration, it also binds to OR3, inhibiting transcription from P < sub > RM </ sub >, thus regulating its own levels in a negative feedback loop.

When a court binds itself, this application of the doctrine of precedent is sometimes called horizontal stare decisis.

When pulled tighter, the rope passing over itself binds it in place.

When released, ADH binds to V2 G-protein coupled receptors within the distal convoluted tubules, increasing cyclic AMP, which couples with protein kinase A, stimulating translocation of the aquaporin 2 channel stored in the cytoplasm of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts into the apical membrane.

When a ligand binds to a G protein-coupled receptor ( GPCR ) that is coupled to a Gq heterotrimeric G protein, the α-subunit of Gq can bind to and induce activity in the PLC isozyme PLC-β, which results in the cleavage of PIP < sub > 2 </ sub > into IP < sub > 3 </ sub > and DAG.

When the foreign insulin binds with the antibodies, it does cannot work as intended.

When such a conflict arises, all Superior Courts have the discretion to choose which rule they like until the California Supreme Court grants review and creates a single rule that binds all courts statewide.

When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action he takes binds him to his choice of action ; this rule prevents a player from changing his action after seeing how other players react to his initial, verbal action.

When adrenocorticotropic hormone reaches and binds to its target, the adrenal gland, the adrenal gland in turn releases the final key messenger in the cascade, cortisol.

When these residues are phosphorylated, the CTD binds to various protein factors that promote transcript maturation and modification.

When the inducer binds the receptor, it activates transcription of certain genes, including those for inducer synthesis.

When acetylcholine binds to an already depolarized receptor, it cannot cause further depolarization.

When a T < sub > h </ sub > cell encounters and recognises the antigen, on an APC, the TCR-CD3 complex binds strongly to the peptide-MHC complex present on the surface of professional APCs.

When prolactin binds to the receptor, it causes it to dimerize with another prolactin receptor.

When a small proportion of finely ground bentonite clay is added to hard sand and wetted, the clay binds the sand particles into a moldable aggregate known as green sand used for making molds in sand casting.

When a peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of the cell, a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm, which triggers intracellular responses.

When an aminoacyl-tRNA initially binds to its corresponding codon on the mRNA, it is in the A site.

When bird chicks ingest melatonin-rich plant feed, such as rice, the melatonin binds to melatonin receptors in their brains.

When all moisture evaporates, the acacia gum binds the pigment to the paper surface.

When transmural pressure increases, sphingosine kinase 1 phosphorylates sphingosine to S1P, which binds to the S1P2 receptor in plasma membrane of cells.

When ATP binds to the enzyme ’ s two allosteric sites, luciferase ’ s affinity to bind ATP in its active site increases.

When the concentration of cAMP rises ( e. g., activation of adenylate cyclases by G protein-coupled receptors coupled to G < sub > s </ sub >, inhibition of phosphodiesterases that degrade cAMP ), cAMP binds to the two binding sites on the regulatory subunits, which leads to the release of the catalytic subunits.

When the station wagon drew abreast of the dusty dirt road that led up to the porch of the Culver house, Pamela turned the wheel, guiding the car to its familiar parking spot close to the house, and stopped.

When words can be used in a more fresh and primitive way so that they strike with the force of sights and sounds, when tones of sound and colors of paint and the carven shape all strike the sensibilities with an undeniable force of data in and of themselves, compelling the observer into an attitude of attention, all this imitates the way experience itself in its deepest character strikes upon the door of consciousness and clamors for entrance.

When, in my enthusiasm, I proposed the party, my city editor ( who disliked the club and many of its members ) tried to block my participation in the gala event.

When McPherson pushed blindly through Snake Creek Gap in a potentially decisive movement, the only cavalry in his van was the Ninth Illinois Mounted Infantry, totally inadequate for its role.

When founded by Franklin the Gazette was a weekly family newspaper and under its new name its format remained that of a newspaper but its columns gradually contained more and more fiction, poetry, and literary essays.

When the Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company reached its 125th year as a going industrial concern during 1958, it became an almost unique institution in the mechanical world.

When the automobile was in its embryonic stage, such roads as existed were pretty much open roads with the tacit understanding that horses should not be unduly terrified being about the only rule governing where, when and how fast a car could go.

When air travel was in its infancy, the sky was considered big enough and high enough for all.

When that was broken up after the First World War, its name was changed once more.

`` When working from one of my sketches I square it up and project its linear form freehand to the watercolor sheet with charcoal.

When radio came in, it continued the misplaced modifier in its routines as a standard device.

When each number of successes X is paired with its probability of occurrence Af, the set of pairs Af, is a probability function called a binomial distribution.

When we come upon the rabbit and make our remark about its suffering being a bad thing, we presumably make it with some feeling ; ;

When a plan burst its seams, hasty conferences supply the necessary patch, and life goes merrily on.

When in 1816 an act of Congress forced the foreign firm out of the United States, its British-born employees, now become American citizens -- Joseph Rolette, Joseph Renville and Alexis Bailly -- continued in the fur business.

When the writer uses material does he tamper with it to improve its commercial effect or does he leave it pure??

When stacking wine on its side in a bin, care should always be taken to be sure there is no air bubble left next to the cork.

When her brother Winslow became a student at Brown University in 1874, she wrote him about a course in history he was taking under Professor Diman: `` What is Prof. Diman's definition of civilization, and take the world through, is its progress ever onward, or does it retrograde at times??

`` When and if it can do so without jeopardizing constitutional and statutory tax-exemption privileges essential to the maintenance of its educational program and facilities, Emory University will consider applications of persons desiring to study or work at the University without regard to race, color or creed, continuing university policy that all applications shall be considered on the basis of intellectual and moral standards and other criteria designed to assure the orderly and effective conduct of the university and the fulfillment of its mission as an institution of Christian higher education ''.

When the Congo received its independence in 1960 there were, among its 13.5 million people, exactly 14 university graduates.

When, therefore, it turned its attention to the concrete entities with which popular imagination had peopled the world of spirit, these entities soon lost whatever status they had enjoyed as actual elements of external reality.