Because the clocks had been on average well above sea level, this meant that TAI slowed down, by about 10 < sup >− 12 </ sup >.

Algeria has always been a source of inspiration for different painters who tried to immortalize the prodigious diversity of the sites it offers and the profusion of the facets that passes its population, which offers for Orientalists between the 19 < sup > th </ sup > century and the 20 < sup > th </ sup > century, a striking inspiration for a very rich artistic creation like Eugène Delacroix with his famous painting women of Algiers in their apartment or Etienne Dinet or other painters of world fame like Pablo Picasso with his painting women of Algiers, or painters issued from the Algiers school.

* If it is required to use a single number X as an estimate for the value of numbers, then the arithmetic mean does this best, in the sense of minimizing the sum of squares ( x < sub > i </ sub > − X )< sup > 2 </ sup > of the residuals.

η < sup > 2 </ sup > ( eta-squared ):

He also offers a conversion table ( see Cohen, 1988, p. 283 ) for eta squared ( η < sup > 2 </ sup >) where 0. 0099 constitutes a small effect, 0. 0588 a medium effect and 0. 1379 a large effect.

When there are only two means to compare, the t-test and the ANOVA F-test are equivalent ; the relation between ANOVA and t is given by F = t < sup > 2 </ sup >.

The Arrhenius definition states that acids are substances which increase the concentration of hydronium ions ( H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >) in solution.

The reason why pHs of acids are less than 7 is that the concentration of hydronium ions is greater than 10 < sup >− 7 </ sup > moles per liter.

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that increases the concentration of the hydronium ion, H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >, when dissolved in water.

The International Time Bureau ( BIH ) began a time scale, T < sub > m </ sub > or AM, in July 1955, using both local caesium clocks and comparisons to distant clocks using the phase of VLF radio signals.

< center ></ center >

< center >

All 128 ASCII characters, including non-printable characters ( represented by their abbreviations ). The 95 ASCII graphic characters are numbered from 20 < sub > hexadecimal | hex </ sub > to 7E < sub > hexadecimal | hex </ sub > ( decimal 32 to 126 ).

The " space " character had to come before graphics to make sorting easier, so it became position 20 < sub > hex </ sub >; for the same reason, many special signs commonly used as separators were placed before digits.

To keep options available for lower case letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter " A " was placed in position 41 < sub > hex </ sub > to match the draft of the corresponding British standard.

The @ symbol was not used in continental Europe and the committee expected it would be replaced by an accented À in the French variation, so the @ was placed in position 40 < sub > hex </ sub > next to the letter A.

< div style ="- moz-column-count: 3 ; column-count: 3 ;">

: H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) + OH < sup >−</ sup >( aq )

Note that chemists often write H < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) and refer to the hydrogen ion when describing acid-base reactions but the free hydrogen nucleus, a proton, does not exist alone in water, it exists as the hydronium ion, H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >.

Consider the following reactions of acetic acid ( CH < sub > 3 </ sub > COOH ), the organic acid that gives vinegar its characteristic taste:

Both theories easily describe the first reaction: CH < sub > 3 </ sub > COOH acts as an Arrhenius acid because it acts as a source of H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup > when dissolved in water, and it acts as a Brønsted acid by donating a proton to water.

In the second example CH < sub > 3 </ sub > COOH undergoes the same transformation, in this case donating a proton to ammonia ( NH < sub > 3 </ sub >), but cannot be described using the Arrhenius definition of an acid because the reaction does not produce hydronium.

If F ≥ F < sub > Critical </ sub > ( Numerator DF, Denominator DF, α )

With the formula C < sub > n </ sub > H < sub > 2n + 2 </ sub >, Alkanes belong to a homologous series of organic compounds in which the members differ by a constant relative molecular mass of 14.

The number of carbon atoms is used to define the size of the alkane ( e. g., C < sub > 2 </ sub >- alkane ).

The simplest possible alkane ( the parent molecule ) is methane, CH < sub > 4 </ sub >.

In the first reaction a fluoride ion, F < sup >−</ sup >, gives up an electron pair to boron trifluoride to form the product tetrafluoroborate.

The 21st chapter was omitted from the editions published in the United States prior to 1986 .< ref > Burgess, Anthony ( 1986 ) A Clockwork Orange Resucked in < u > A Clockwork Orange </ u >, W. W. Norton & Company, New York .</ ref > In the introduction to the updated American text ( these newer editions include the missing 21st chapter ), Burgess explains that when he first brought the book to an American publisher, he was told that U. S. audiences would never go for the final chapter, in which Alex sees the error of his ways, decides he has lost all energy for and thrill from violence and resolves to turn his life around ( a slow-ripening but classic moment of metanoia — the moment at which one's protagonist realises that everything he thought he knew was wrong ).

It decays by emission of a α-particle to < sup > 237 </ sup > Np ; the half-life of this decay was first determined as 510 ± 20 years but then corrected to 432. 2 years.

Here, < sub > n </ sub > denotes the sample mean of the first n samples ( x < sub > 1 </ sub >, ..., x < sub > n </ sub >), s < sup > 2 </ sup >< sub > n </ sub > their sample variance, and σ < sup > 2 </ sup >< sub > n </ sub > their population variance.

Next consider the sample ( 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > + 4, 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > + 7, 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > + 13, 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > + 16 ), which gives rise to the same estimated variance as the first sample.

The shapes of the first five atomic orbitals: 1s, 2s, 2p < sub > x </ sub >, 2p < sub > y </ sub >, and 2p < sub > z </ sub >.

Alpha particles were first described in the investigations of radioactivity by Ernest Rutherford in 1899, and by 1907 they were identified as He < sup > 2 +</ sup > ions.

Benzene, C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and was recognized as the first aromatic hydrocarbon, with the nature of its bonding first being recognized by Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz in the 19th century.

Then, p < sup > 2 </ sup > is the fraction of the population homozygous for the first allele, 2pq is the fraction of heterozygotes, and q < sup > 2 </ sup > is the fraction homozygous for the alternative allele.

A line running from Cape Aspro ( 28 ° 16 ' E ) in Asia Minor, to Cum Burnù ( Capo della Sabbia ) the Northeast extreme of the Island of Rhodes, through the island to Cape Prasonisi, the Southwest point thereof, on to Vrontos Point ( 35 ° 33 ' N ) in Skarpanto < nowiki >< nowiki ></ nowiki >, through this island to Castello Point, the South extreme thereof, across to Cape Plaka ( East extremity of Crete ), through Crete to Agria Grabusa, the Northwest extreme thereof, thence to Cape Apolitares in Antikithera Island, through the island to Psira Rock ( off the Northwest point ) and across to Cape Trakhili in Kithera Island, through Kithera to the Northwest point ( Cape Karavugia ) and thence to Cape Santa Maria () in the Morea.

The line running from the upper left to lower right reads mt l b < sup > c </ sup > lt.

which defines the Abbe number with respect to the yellow Fraunhofer d ( or D < sub > 3 </ sub >) helium line at 587. 5618 nm wavelength.

Despite strenuous efforts from the Culloden < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s boats, the brig Mutine and the 50-gun HMS Leander under Captain Thomas Thompson, the ship of the line could not be moved, and the waves drove Culloden further onto the shoal, inflicting severe damage to the ship's hull.

Given points P < sub > 0 </ sub > and P < sub > 1 </ sub >, a linear Bézier curve is simply a straight line between those two points.

where Fε < sup >- D </ sup > must be the number of units ε required to obtain L. The fractal dimension is the number of the dimensions of the figure being used to approximate the fractal: 0 for a dot, 1 for a line, 2 for a square.

A center of curvature is defined at each position s located a distance ρ ( the radius of curvature ) from the curve on a line along the normal u < sub > n </ sub > ( s ).

In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates ( x, y ) by the point with coordinates ( x < nowiki >'</ nowiki >, y < nowiki >'</ nowiki >), where

The blue line marks the outward from 11 < sup > th </ sup > June 1773 until to 8 < sup > th </ sup > October 1773, and the red line marks the return journey 5 < sup > th </ sup > March 1774 to 21 < sup > st </ sup > October 1774.

It is known that there exists a unique Delaunay triangulation for P, if P is a set of points in general position ; that is, there exists no k-flat containing k + 2 points nor a k-sphere containing k + 3 points, for 1 ≤ k ≤ d − 1 ( e. g., for a set of points in < big > ℝ </ big >< sup > 3 </ sup >; no three points are on a line, no four on a plane, no four are on a circle, and no five on a sphere ).

The image of an ellipse by any affine map is an ellipse, and so is the image of an ellipse by any projective map M such that the line M < sup >− 1 </ sup >( Ω ) does not touch or cross the ellipse.

The Euclidean topology turns out to be equivalent to the product topology on R < sup > n </ sup > considered as a product of n copies of the real line R ( with its standard topology ).

< center > More familiar two-dimensional algebraic equation plot ( red line )</ center >

A discrete-time FIR filter of order N. The top part is an N-sample delay line ; each delay step is denoted z < sup >- 1 </ sup >.

# Photon in the initial and the final state is represented by a wavy line (< big >~•</ big > and < big >•~</ big >).

This gas is very hot, between 10 < sup > 7 </ sup > K and 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > K, and hence emits X-rays in the form of bremsstrahlung and atomic line emission.