Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865 ) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

* 1809 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States ( d. 1891 )

* 1809 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet ( d. 1892 )

* 1809 – William B. Travis, American lawyer and soldier ( d. 1836 )

In the Battle of Abensberg on 19 – 20 April 1809, Napoleon gained a significant victory over the Austrians under Archduke Louis of Austria and General Johann von Hiller.

* Battle of Eckmühl occurred 21 – 22 April 1809.

* 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl: the Austrian army is defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube in Regensburg.

* 1809 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American physician and writer ( d. 1894 )

* 1738 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, English statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom ( d. 1809 )

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four day campaign that ended in a French victory.

* 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.

* 1809 – Quito, now the capital of Ecuador, declares independence from Spain.

* 1809 – John Kirk Townsend, American naturalist ( d. 1851 )

Albert Pike ( December 29, 1809 – April 2, 1891 ) was an attorney, Confederate officer, writer, and Freemason.

* 1809 – Battle of the Basque Roads Naval battle fought between France and the United Kingdom

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.

* 1809 – Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when Austria invades Bavaria.

Victorious Archduke Charles of Austria during the Battle of Aspern-Essling ( 21 – 22 May 1809 ).

His siblings included Sarah ( 1802 – 1859 ), Naphtali ( 1807 ), Ralph ( 1809 – 1898 ), and James ( 1813 – 1868 ).

* Jean-Baptiste Muard ( 1809 – 1854 )

* Boniface Wimmer ( 1809 – 1887 )

* Gongalegoda Banda ( 1809 – 1849 ), Sri Lankan rebellion leader

* Louis II ( 1810 ), also Grand Duke of Berg ( 1809 – 1813 )

As a result of the political upheavals caused by the Iberian Peninsular War and the removal of Ferdinand VII from the Spanish throne, a separatist rebellion emerged among the Cuban Creole aristocracy in 1809 and 1810.

In 1809, Francis attacked France again, hoping to take advantage of the Peninsular War embroiling Napoleon in Spain.

* 1809 – Peninsular War: The British defeat the French at the Battle of La Coruña.

* 1809 – Peninsular War: A combined Franco-Polish force defeats the Spanish in the Battle of Ciudad-Real.

* The transport ship Dispatch ran aground on the Manacles in 1809 on its return from the Peninsular War, losing 104 men from the 7th Hussars.

The Fifth Coalition ( 1809 ) of the United Kingdom and Austria against France formed as the UK engaged in the Peninsular War against France.

In the east, only the Tyrolese rebels led by Andreas Hofer continued to fight the French-Bavarian army until finally defeated in November 1809, while in the west the Peninsular War continued.

During the Peninsular War, Badajoz was unsuccessfully attacked by the French in 1808 and 1809 ; but on March 10, 1811, the Spanish commander, José Imaz, was bribed into surrendering to a French force under Marshal Soult.

The Battle of Uclés ( 13 January 1809 ) was a minor skirmish during the Peninsular War that resulted in a French victory under Marshal Claude Victor-Perrin against the Spanish under General Francisco Javier Venegas.

The Battle of Almonacid was fought on August 11, 1809 during the Peninsular War between Sébastiani's IV Corps of the French Peninsular Army, which had withdrawn from the Battle of Talavera to defend Madrid, and the Spanish Army of La Mancha under General Venegas.

The Battle of Ocana or Battle of Ocaña was fought on 19 November 1809 between French forces under Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult and King Joseph Bonaparte and the Spanish army under Juan Carlos de Aréizaga, which suffered its greatest single defeat in the Peninsular War.

In 1809, the French military presence in Germany was diminished, as Napoleon transferred a large number of soldiers to fight in the Peninsular War.

During the Peninsular War, " Napoleon promoted works such as Gasparo Spontini's Fernand Cortez ( 1809 )," which concerned the Spanish conquest of Mexico under the reign of Charles V. Spontini's later opera Olimpie ( 1819, revised 1820, 1826 ) met with indifference, leading him to leave Paris for Prussia, where he became Kapellmeister and chief conductor at the Berlin Hofoper.

The Siege of Chaves refers to the French siege and capture of Chaves, Portugal from 10 to 12 March 1809, and the subsequent siege and recapture of the town by Portuguese forces from 21 to 25 March 1809, during the second invasion of Portugal in the Peninsular War.

After courageous service in Spain against Napoleon's forces from 1809 to 1814, during the Peninsular War, he went on to serve in various parts of Britain as a Captain.

Serving throughout the French French Revolutionary Wars | Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, MacDonald led major formations in War of the Fifth Coalition | the 1809 campaign against Austria, Peninsular War | in Spain ( 1810 – 1811 ), French invasion of Russia | Russia ( 1812 ), War of the Sixth Coalition | Germany ( 1813 ), and in France ( 1814 ).

In 1808 he served in the Peninsular War, and in 1809 in the Austrian War, after which he was given the title of prince of Wagram.

He occupied Venice and the Republic of Ragusa in 1806, was made governor-general of Venice in 1807, took part in the Erfurt negotiations of 1808, was ennobled as a count, and served with the emperor during the Peninsular War in Spain ( 1808 – 1809 ), where he commanded the division that besieged and won Pamplona.

He was promoted to major on 13 April 1809 and appointed deputy-quartermaster-general in the Portuguese army and was present at many of the battles of the Peninsular War.

Its existence as a permanently embodied formation dated from 1809, when it was established by Lieutenant General Sir Arthur Wellesley ( later to become the Duke of Wellington ), as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, for service in the Peninsular War.

It was created in 1809 by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, for service in the Peninsular War, and was known as the Fighting 3rd under Sir Thomas Picton during the Napoleonic Wars.

The 3rd served in the Peninsular War from 1808 to 1809, fighting at the Battle of Corunna in 1809 before being withdrawn by sea and sent to the Walcheren Campaign with the 1st Division.