* 1461 – The Ming Dynasty Chinese military general Cao Qin stages a coup against the Tianshun Emperor.

Ming Tsai, the owner of the Blue Ginger restaurant in Wellesley, Massachusetts, said that American Chinese restaurants typically try to have food representing 3-5 regions of China at one time, have chop suey, or have " fried vegetables and some protein in a thick sauce ," " eight different sweet and sour dishes ," or " a whole page of 20 different chow meins or fried rice dishes.

When the Ming Dynasty Chinese astronomer Xu Guangqi adapted the European southern hemisphere constellations to the Chinese system in The Southern Asterisms, he combined Apus with some of the stars in Octans to form the " Exotic Bird " ( 異雀, Yìquè ).

The Wanli Emperor enjoying a boat ride on a river with an entourage of guards and courtiers in this Ming Dynasty Chinese painting.

" However, Costas ' comments were made subsequent to the suspension of Chinese coach Zhou Ming after seven of his swimmers were caught using steroids in 1994.

In 1455, in an effort to control inflation, the succeeding Ming Dynasty ended the use of paper money and closed much of Chinese trade.

Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule.

Chinese ceramic glaze | glaze d stoneware statue of a Taoist deity, from the Ming Dynasty, 16th century.

One of the early attempts was an electro-mechanical Chinese typewriter Ming kwai () which was invented by Lin Yutang, a prominent Chinese writer.

In the film, Marker's commentary overlaps scenes from China, such as tombs which, contrary to Westernized understandings of Chinese legends, do not contain the remains of any Ming Dynasty emperors.

The Ming Chinese also mounted over 3, 000 cast bronze and iron cannon on the Great Wall of China, to defend against the Mongols.

Records of the Grand Historian is the first among Twenty-Four Histories, a collection of Chinese historical books covering a period of history from 3000 BCE to the Ming Dynasty in the 17th century.

Some well known stories include the Yuan Dynasty story Circle of Chalk ( Chinese: 灰闌記 ), the Ming Dynasty story collection Bao Gong An ( Chinese: 包公案 ) and the 18th century Di Gong An ( Chinese: 狄公案 ) story collection.

The Chinese emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty oversaw the compilation of the Yongle Encyclopedia, one of the largest encyclopedias in history, which was completed in 1408 and comprised over 370 million Chinese characters in 11, 000 handwritten volumes, of which only about 400 remain today.

However in Ming China, for example, there is considerable evidence for rapidly changing fashions in Chinese clothing.

China | Chinese Ming Dynasty ( 1368-1644 ) matchlock firearm s

During the Chinese Song Dynasty ( 960-1279 AD ), not only landscape art was improved upon, but portrait painting became more standardized and sophisticated than before ( for example, refer to Emperor Huizong of Song ), and reached its classical age maturity during the Ming Dynasty ( 1368-1644 AD ).

Classical Chinese painting continued on into the early modern Qing Dynasty, with highly realistic portrait paintings like seen in the late Ming Dynasty of the early 17th century.

From 1405 to 1433, Admiral Zheng He led large fleets of the Ming Dynasty on several voyages to the Western Ocean ( Chinese name for the Indian Ocean ) and reached the coastal country of East Africa ( see Zheng He for reference ).

Ieoh Ming Pei ( born April 26, 1917 ), commonly known as I. M. Pei, is a Chinese American architect, often called a master of modern architecture.

The zero was probably introduced to the Chinese in the Tang Dynasty ( 618-907 AD ) when travel in the Indian Ocean and the Middle East would have provided direct contact with India, allowing them to acquire the concept of zero and the decimal point from Indian merchants and mathematicians.

* 1363 – Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang ; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders — Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang — are pitted against each other in what is one of the largest naval battles in history, during the last decade of the ailing, Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty.

The system of Chinese astrology was elaborated during the Zhou dynasty ( 1046 – 256 BC ) and flourished during the Han Dynasty ( 2nd century BC to 2nd century AD ), during which all the familiar elements of traditional Chinese culture – the Yin-Yang philosophy, theory of the 5 elements, Heaven and Earth, Confucian morality – were brought together to formalise the philosophical principles of Chinese medicine and divination, astrology and alchemy.

A Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – 220 AD ) Chinese miniature model of two residential towers joined by a bridge

Although large Chinese bridges of wooden construction existed at the time of the Warring States, the oldest surviving stone bridge in China is the Zhaozhou Bridge, built from 595 to 605 AD during the Sui Dynasty.

Native Chinese astronomy flourished during the Song Dynasty, and during the Yuan Dynasty became increasingly influenced by medieval Islamic astronomy.

Much of Chinese culture, literature and philosophy further developed during the Zhou Dynasty ( 1045 – 256 BC ).

This practice began with the Qin Dynasty: in 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang united the various warring kingdoms and created the first Chinese empire.

Chinese bronzes | Bronze ritual vessel ( You ( vessel ) | You ), Western Zhou Dynasty

The Zhou Dynasty was the longest-lasting dynasty in Chinese history, from 1066 BC to approximately 256 BC.

Taking advantage of civil war in the Jin Dynasty, the contemporary non-Han Chinese ( Wu Hu ) ethnic groups controlled much of the country in the early 4th century and provoked large-scale Han Chinese migrations to south of the Yangtze River.

A Chinese Tang Dynasty tricolored Ceramic glaze | glaze porcelain horse ( ca.

Meanwhile, in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Gansu, Shaanxi, and Ningxia, there emerged a Western Xia Dynasty from 1032 to 1227, established by Tangut tribes.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols were divided between those who wanted to remain based in the steppes and those who wished to adopt the customs of the Chinese.

References to Chinese domino tiles can be traced to writings from the Song Dynasty ( AD 1120 ).

Lu Xun also criticised Confucianism heavily for shaping Chinese people into the condition they had reached by the late Qing Dynasty: his criticism are well portrayed in two of his works, A Madman's Diary and The True Story of Ah Q.

Ancient Chinese records mention two kings, Shrutavarman and Shreshthavarman who ruled at the capital Shreshthapura located in modern day southern Laos.

The findings at Anyang include the earliest written record of Chinese past so far discovered: inscriptions of divination records in ancient Chinese writing on the bones or shells of animals – the so-called " oracle bones ", dating from around 1200 BC.

The more modernist works focus on imperial systems in China and employ scientific method to analyze epochs of Chinese dynasties from geographical, genealogical, and cultural artifacts, for example, from Carbon-14 dating and geographical records to correlate climates with cycles of calm and calamity in Chinese history.

The " Gong An story " （ 公案小说, literally ：" case records of a public law court "） is the earliest known genre of Chinese detective fiction.

Yūryaku is believed to be referred to as Bu in contemporary Chinese records ( 武 ; read as Take or Takeru in Japanese ).

Its migration routes and wintering grounds are poorly known, the only recent information being from occasional records on both the eastern and western coasts of Japan and along the Chinese coast.

The first written records of a civilization in the area occupied by Kyrgyzstan appear in Chinese chronicles beginning about 2000 B. C.

First appearing in Chinese records of the Grand Historian as Gekun or Jiankun ( 鬲昆 or 隔昆 ), and later as part of the Tiele tribes, they were once under the rule of Göktürks and Uyghurs.

Some Taoist records claim Guanyin was a Chinese female who became an immortal during the Shang Dynasty.

Early records on medicine have been discovered from ancient Egyptian medicine, Babylonian medicine, Ayurvedic medicine ( in the Indian subcontinent ), classical Chinese medicine ( predecessor to the modern traditional Chinese Medicine ), and ancient Greek medicine and Roman medicine.

The designation " Mongol " briefly appeared in 8th century records of the Chinese Tang dynasty, describing a tribe of Shiwei, and resurfaced again in the late 11th century during the rule of Khitan.

Nestorian missionaries were firmly established in China during the early part of the Tang Dynasty ( 618 – 907 ); the Chinese source known as the Nestorian Stele records a mission under a Persian proselyte named Alopen as introducing Nestorian Christianity to China in 635.

Some ancient poetic traditions ; such as, contextually, Classical Chinese poetry in the case of the Shijing ( Classic of Poetry ), which records the development of poetic canons with ritual and aesthetic importance.

Philosophical conceptions of qi from the earliest records of Chinese philosophy ( 5th century BCE ) correspond to Western notions of humours and the ancient Hindu yogic concept of prana, meaning " life force " in Sanskrit.

By 28 BC, Chinese astronomers were regularly recording sunspot observations in official imperial records.

The earliest records of Japanese culture were written by Chinese traders who described this land as " Wa ".

The Paekche kingdom in Korea had political alliances with Yamato, and in the 5th century imported the Chinese writing system to record Japanese names and events for trade and political records.

Around the 1st century AD, according to Funan epigraphy and the records of Chinese historians ( Coedes ), a number of trading settlements of the South appear to have been organized into several Malay states, among the earliest of which are believed to be Langkasuka and Tambralinga.

The records show that Chinese Buddhists were actively involved in missionary activity in Tibet, they did not have the same level of imperial support as Indian Buddhists, with tantric lineages from Bihar and Bengal.

* 742: For the municipal census of the Tang Dynasty Chinese capital city Chang ' an and its metropolitan area of Jingzhou Fu ( including small towns in the vicinity ), the New Book of Tang records that in this year there were 362, 921 registered families with 1, 960, 188 persons.