* 43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated.

Cicero | Marcus Tullius Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero reports that Greek philosophers considered misogyny to be caused by gynophobia, a fear of women .< ref name =" Cicero "> Marcus Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Quaestiones, Book 3, Chapter 11.

Marcus Tullius Cicero

Introduction to The Political Works of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

Petrarch revived the work and letters of the ancient Roman Senate | Roman Senator Cicero | Marcus Tullius CiceroPetrarch also published many volumes of his letters, including a few written to his long-dead friends from history such as Cicero and Virgil.

Bust of Marcus Tullius Cicero

Among the famous jurists of the republican period are Quintus Mucius Scaevola who wrote a voluminous treatise on all aspects of the law, which was very influential in later times, and Servius Sulpicius Rufus, a friend of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* December 7 – Marcus Tullius Cicero is killed in Formiae in a litter going to the seaside, by a party led by a military tribune, Popilius Laenas.

* Terentia, first wife of Marcus Tullius Cicero ( b. 98 BC ).

** Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Roman politician ( lived 106 – 43 BC )

Marcus Tullius Cicero, angry at Octavian, wrote a letter to Brutus explaining that the forces of Octavian and Marcus Antonius were divided.

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, De natura deorum II, 66 ( Latin )

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Catilinam

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Caelio

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Murena

* Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Sulla

* Crassus is a major character in Robert Harris's novel " Lustrum " ( published as " Conspirata " in the USA ), the sequel to " Imperium ", which both chronicle the career of Marcus Tullius Cicero.

* Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a prolific writer, whose works have survived in large quantity, and who serves as a standard of Latin, and his contemporaries in addition to recognizing the lingua Latina also knew varieties of " speech " under the name sermo.

Another Greek play with a similar name, Misogunos ( Μισόγυνος ) or Woman-hater, is reported by Cicero ( in Latin ) and attributed to ( Marcus ) Atilius ( poet ).

Cicero also made a decree that no member of the Antonii would ever bear the name Marcus again.

In Rome, writers and philosophers like Cicero, Seneca, Pliny the elder, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Cato and Collumella also expressed important ideas on this ground.

* Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, statesman, general ( b. c. 63 BC )

The Catiline Orations or Catilinarian Orations were speeches given in 63 BC by Marcus Tullius Cicero, the consul of Rome, exposing to the Roman Senate the plot of Lucius Sergius Catilina and his allies to overthrow the Roman government.

* Tironian notes ( Marcus Tullius Tiro ), 63 BC

* Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa ( 63 – 12 BC ), a Roman statesman and general, friend of Caesar Augustus

* Marcus Claudius Marcellus, one of the conspirators of Catiline in 63 BC ; on the discovery of the plot, he attempted to instigate an insurrection amongst the Paeligni, but was defeated by the praetor, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, and put to death.

In 63 BC, he was elected tribune of the plebs for the following year, and assisted the consul, Marcus Tullius Cicero, in dealing with the Catiline conspiracy.

Three centuries later, it was awarded to the orator and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero for his part in the suppression of the Catilinarian conspiracy during his consulate in 63 BC.

2000: Defeated Jay Marcus 63 %- 34 %

In spite of his bad reputation, however, he was elected tribune in 71 BC, which meant that he again joined the Senate ; then praetor in 66 BC, and finally consul with Marcus Tullius Cicero in 63 BC.

* Marcus Tullius Cicero ( elected 63 BC )

In late republican times, the ( nota = mark ) short-hand writing system was developed possibly by Marcus Tullius Tiro, Cicero ’ s amanuensis, in 63 BC in order to record information with fewer symbols ; Tironian notes include a shorthand / syllabic alphabet notation different from the Latin minuscule hand and square and rustic capital letters, which is akin to modern stenographic writing systems, and also symbols for whole words or word roots and grammatical modifier marks and could either be used to write whole passages in shorthand or only certain words.

In 63 he was replaced by Marcus Trebellius Maximus, and was appointed curator aquarum ( superintendent of aqueducts ) in Rome.

This came to a head in 63, when Marcus Tullius Cicero had men charged with complicity in the Conspiracy of Catiline, including the former consul Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, executed without a trial.

When the tribune Publius Servilius Rullus introduced his agrarian law ( 63 ), these lands, which had been originally assigned to the Roman people by Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, were expressly exempted from sale, which roused the indignation of Marcus Tullius Cicero ( De lege agraria, i. 4, ii.

* 46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato ( Cato the Younger ) in the battle of Thapsus.

On 15 March 44 BC, Octavius's adoptive father Julius Caesar was assassinated by a conspiracy led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus.

* 116 – 27 BC: Marcus Terentius Varro's Lingua Latina X ( II, par.

Archimedes, the renowned mathematician, was said to have used a burning glass ( or more likely a large number of angled hexagonal mirrors ) as a weapon in 212 BC, when Syracuse was besieged by Marcus Claudius Marcellus.

The man selected for the task was Marcus Licinius Crassus, grandson of Crassus the triumvir and an experienced general at 33 years of age, who was appointed proconsul of Macedonia in 29 BC.

* Marcus Valerius Corvus, a 4th-century BC Roman

In 109 BC, they defeated a Roman army under the consul Marcus Junius Silanus, who was the commander of Gallia Narbonensis.

Augustus, the first Emperor ( r. 27 BC – AD 14 ), had nominally shared power with his colleagues, and more formal offices of co-Emperor had existed from Marcus Aurelius ( r. 161 – 80 ) on.

But in 48 BC, guards holding bladed fasces guided Vatia Isauricus to the tribunal of Marcus Caelius, and Vatia Isauricus used one to destroy Caelius's magisterial chair ( sella curulis ).

Latin grammar developed by following Greek models from the 1st century BC, due to the work of authors such as Orbilius Pupillus, Remmius Palaemon, Marcus Valerius Probus, Verrius Flaccus, and Aemilius Asper.

Hannibal still won a number of notable victories: completely destroying two Roman armies in 212 BC, and at one point, killing two consuls ( including the famed Marcus Claudius Marcellus ) in a battle in 208 BC.

But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved, and on the Ides of March ( 15 March ) 44 BC, Caesar was assassinated by a group of senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus.

* 83 BC – Marcus Antonius, Roman politician ( d. 30 BC )

Beginning around the 3rd century BC, it took two centuries to become a dominant literature of Ancient Rome, with many educated Romans still reading and writing in Ancient Greek, as late as Marcus Aurelius ( 121 – 180 AD ).

* 44 BC – Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, Decimus Junius Brutus and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March.

Marcus Antonius, commonly known in English as Mark Antony ( Latin: ) ( January 14, 83 BC – August 1, 30 BC ), was a Roman politician and general.

He was the homonymous and thus presumably the eldest son of Marcus Antonius Creticus ( praetor 74 BC, proconsul 73 – 71 BC ) and grandson of the noted orator Marcus Antonius ( consul 99 BC, censor 97 – 6 BC ) who had been murdered during the Marian Terror of the winter of 87 – 6 BC.