Social capital is defined by Robert D. Putnam as " the collective value of all social networks and species ( who people know ) and the inclinations that arise from these works to do things for each other ( norms of reciprocity ).

" Social capital in action can be seen in all sorts of groups, including neighbors keeping an eye on each other's homes.

Social capital is often hard to define, but to one textbook-Microeconomics in Context-it is:

# Social progress is driven by progress in the material, productive forces a society has at its disposal ( technology, labour, capital goods, etc.

* Social capital

* Social capital

Edwards and Foley, as editors of a special edition of the American Behavioural Scientist on " Social Capital, Civil Society and Contemporary Democracy ", raised two key issues in the study of social capital.

Social capital lends itself to multiple definitions, interpretations, and uses.

Social capital has been used at various times to explain superior managerial performance, improved performance of functionally diverse groups, the value derived from strategic alliances, and enhanced supply chain relations.

In " Social Capital and Development: The Coming Agenda ," Francis Fukuyama points out that there isn't an agreed definition of social capital, so he explains it as " shared norms or values that promote social cooperation, instantiated in actual social relationships " ( Fukuyama, 27 ), and uses this definition throughout this paper.

The Social Capital Foundation ( TSCF ) suggested that social capital should not be mixed up with its manifestations.

In this definition, social capital is a collective mental disposition close to the spirit of community .< ref >" The Social Capital Foundation ", Citizendium, The Citizen Compendium, < http :// en. citizendium. org / wiki / The_Social_Capital_Foundation >.</ ref >

Social Capital Theory gained importance through the integration of classical sociological theory with the description of an intangible form of capital.

' Social capital can only be generated collectively thanks to the presence of communities and social networks, but individuals and groups can use it at the same time.

Social Capitalism posits that a strong social support network for the poor enhances capital output.

Social capital development on the internet via social networking websites such as Facebook or Myspace tends to be bridging capital according to one study, though " virtual " social capital is a new area of research.

Social capital offers a wealth of resources and networks that facilitate political engagement.

Social capital affects health risk behavior in the sense that individuals who are embedded in a network or community rich in support, social trust, information, and norms, have resources that help achieve health goals.

Social capital also encourages social trust and membership.

Social capital is particularly important in terms of education.

Kilpatrick, S & Johns, S & Mulford B 2010, ‘ Social capital, educational institutions and leadership ’, in E Baker, B McGraw & P Peterson ( eds ), The International encyclopedia of education, 3rd edn, Elsevier Science, Oxford, pp. 113-19.

Social capital ( in the institutional Robert Putnam sense ) may also lead to bad outcomes if the political institution and democracy in a specific country is not strong enough and is therefore overpowered by the social capital groups.

These developments — re-evaluation of the entire Western value system ( love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy ) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968 — are described with the term Postmodernity, Influences on postmodern thought, Paul Lützeler ( St. Louis ) as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.

Social entrepreneurs act within a market aiming to create social value through the improvement of goods and services offered to the community.

Sixty guilders in 1626 had the approximate value of $ 1000 in 2006, according to the Institute for Social History of Amsterdam Based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $ 72 in 1992.

Other instruments, such as citizen entitlements, e. g. " U. S. Social Security ", or other pensions, may be indexed to the rate of inflation, to provide a reliable value stream.

Noncontributory pensions were also introduced for all persons aged eighty and above, while in 1973, a new Social Security Act was passed which introduced benefit indexation in the United Kingdom for the first time by index-linking benefits to prices to maintain their real value.

12 ) As a framework for the exchange of experiences, the World Social Forum encourages understanding and mutual recognition amongst its participant organizations and movements, and places special value on the exchange among them, particularly on all that society is building to center economic activity and political action on meeting the needs of people and respecting nature, in the present and for future generations.

According to some, the " value " of the Social Security Trust Fund hinges on the federal government's ability to pay back the money that it has borrowed from Social Security.

It is instructive to note that the $ 2. 5 trillion Social Security Trust Fund has value, not as a tangible economic asset, but because it is a claim on behalf of beneficiaries on the goods and services produced by the working population.

* Social capital is the value of network trusting relationships between individuals in an economy.

Solidarity is a strong value of the French Social Protection system.

* Social discount rate, a measure of the value of diverting funds to social projects

Following his death, the Minister of Social Cohesion Jean-Louis Borloo ( UMP ) decided to give Abbé Pierre's name to the law, despite the latter's scepticism of the real value and use of the law.

The employer is required to contribute an additional 20 % of the total payroll value to the Social Security system.

Douglas, the originator of the Social Credit movement, did not like the idea of prosperity certificates, which depreciated in value the longer they were held, and openly criticized Gesell's theories.

Social capital was defined to explain the inherent value formed in neighborhood relationships which allowed members to cooperate and establish a communal sense of trust.

* The Social, whose highest value is love of people

There was The New Leader, a weekly newspaper published in English ; there was the Rand School of Social Science which, together with Camp Tamiment, had enormous property value, not to speak of their importance as propaganda and educational instruments.

Although most Cubans don ’ t see the value of the Buena Vista Social Club album and feel it doesn ’ t represent present time Cuba, it has introduced the Cuban son to younger generations of people from around the world that had never heard of son.

* Social discourse, in formal media and more generally, reflects some confusion about real and nominal value.

“ The view we take in the following pages is that culture arises in the form of play, that it is played from the very beginning ... Social life is endued with supra-biological forms, in the shape of play, which enhances its value .”

In the simplest sense, Social Origins can be summarized with his famous statement " No bourgeoisie, no democracy " though taking that idea at face value undercuts and misinterprets the nuances of his argument.