* Social capital, the value of social networks to individuals embedded in them

Social capital is defined by Robert D. Putnam as " the collective value of all social networks and species ( who people know ) and the inclinations that arise from these works to do things for each other ( norms of reciprocity ).

" Social capital in action can be seen in all sorts of groups, including neighbors keeping an eye on each other's homes.

Social capital is often hard to define, but to one textbook-Microeconomics in Context-it is:

# Social progress is driven by progress in the material, productive forces a society has at its disposal ( technology, labour, capital goods, etc.

* Social capital

* Social capital

Edwards and Foley, as editors of a special edition of the American Behavioural Scientist on " Social Capital, Civil Society and Contemporary Democracy ", raised two key issues in the study of social capital.

Social capital lends itself to multiple definitions, interpretations, and uses.

Social capital has been used at various times to explain superior managerial performance, improved performance of functionally diverse groups, the value derived from strategic alliances, and enhanced supply chain relations.

In " Social Capital and Development: The Coming Agenda ," Francis Fukuyama points out that there isn't an agreed definition of social capital, so he explains it as " shared norms or values that promote social cooperation, instantiated in actual social relationships " ( Fukuyama, 27 ), and uses this definition throughout this paper.

The Social Capital Foundation ( TSCF ) suggested that social capital should not be mixed up with its manifestations.

In this definition, social capital is a collective mental disposition close to the spirit of community .< ref >" The Social Capital Foundation ", Citizendium, The Citizen Compendium, < http :// en. citizendium. org / wiki / The_Social_Capital_Foundation >.</ ref >

Social Capital Theory gained importance through the integration of classical sociological theory with the description of an intangible form of capital.

' Social capital can only be generated collectively thanks to the presence of communities and social networks, but individuals and groups can use it at the same time.

Social Capitalism posits that a strong social support network for the poor enhances capital output.

Social capital development on the internet via social networking websites such as Facebook or Myspace tends to be bridging capital according to one study, though " virtual " social capital is a new area of research.

Social capital affects health risk behavior in the sense that individuals who are embedded in a network or community rich in support, social trust, information, and norms, have resources that help achieve health goals.

Social capital also encourages social trust and membership.

Social capital is particularly important in terms of education.

Kilpatrick, S & Johns, S & Mulford B 2010, ‘ Social capital, educational institutions and leadership ’, in E Baker, B McGraw & P Peterson ( eds ), The International encyclopedia of education, 3rd edn, Elsevier Science, Oxford, pp. 113-19.

Social capital ( in the institutional Robert Putnam sense ) may also lead to bad outcomes if the political institution and democracy in a specific country is not strong enough and is therefore overpowered by the social capital groups.

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Social predation offers the possibility of predators to kill creatures larger than those that members of the species could overpower singly.

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Boston College offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees through its nine schools and colleges: Boston College College of Arts & Sciences, Boston College Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, Carroll School of Management, Lynch School of Education, Connell School of Nursing, Boston College Graduate School of Social Work, Boston College Law School, Boston College School of Theology and Ministry, Woods College of Advancing Studies.

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