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1860 – four infantry battalions, four batteries of garrison artillery ; July, 1861 reinforcement – three infantry battalions, one field artillery battery, and personnel to bring the existing garrisons ' units to strength ; " Trent affair " reinforcement – eight infantry battalions, five batteries of field artillery, eight batteries of garrison artillery, three companies of engineers, various service and support elements, and the headquarters staff ; the grand total in British North America by New Year's amounted to 14 infantry battalions ( elements of one battalion and part of the headquarters staff were unable to land in Nova Scotia because of the North Atlantic winter ; the staff officers involved had to land in Boston and travel overland to Montreal via the U. S .); six batteries of field artillery ; 12 of garrison artillery ; and three of engineers, plus the various headquarters, service, and support elements.
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1860 and –
On May 9 – 10, 1860, the Illinois Republican State Convention was held in Decatur.
* 1860 – The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints — later renamed Community of Christ — is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois
* 1805 – Joseph Locke, English railway and civil engineer ( d. 1860 )
* 1860 – Annie Oakley, American target shooter ( d. 1926 )
* 1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.
* 1860 – William Kennedy Dickson, France-Scottish actor, director, and inventor ( d. 1935 )
* 1860 – Alan Leo, English astrologer ( d. 1917 )
* 1860 – Henrietta Vinton Davis, American writer and public speaker ( d. 1941 )
* 1860 – Florence Harding, American publisher, 31st First Lady of the United States ( d. 1924 )
* 1860 – Jules Laforgue, French poet ( d. 1887 )
* 1860 – Martin Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke, England cricketer ( d. 1938 )
* 1860 – Klara Hitler, Austrian mother of Adolf Hitler ( d. 1907 )
" The Transubstantiation of a Poor White ", in Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward the History of the Part Which Black People Have Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860 – 1880 ( 1935 ).
Unionism and Reconstruction in Tennessee, 1860 – 1869 ( 1934 ) online edition
* 1789 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, French wife of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden ( d. 1860 )
* 1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.
* 1860 – Isaac Levitan, Russian painter ( d. 1900 )
* 1860 – The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California.
* 1860 – Charles XV of Sweden of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim.
Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.
* 1860 – Ottó Bláthy, Hungarian engineer and inventor ( d. 1939 )
* 1860 – The first successful United States Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California begins.
* 1860 – Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian singer and composer ( d. 1936 )
1860 and four
In the 1860 United States Census the slave population in the United States had grown to four million, and in Reconstruction after the Civil War ( late 1860s ) the newly freed slaves became citizens with ( in the case of men ) a nominal right to vote.
The first few chapters of the novel, dealing with the discovery of Erewhon, are in fact based on Butler's own experiences in New Zealand where, as a young man, he worked as a sheep farmer on Mesopotamia Station for about four years ( 1860 – 1864 ) and explored parts of the interior of the South Island of which he wrote about in his A First Year in Canterbury Settlement ( 1863 ).
The markka was introduced in 1860 by the Bank of Finland, replacing the Russian ruble at a rate of four markka equal to one ruble.
These were originally four in number, reduced to two in 1860, the eastern division being administered from Ipswich and the western from Bury St Edmunds.
By 1860 the total number of slaves reached almost four million, and the American Civil War, beginning in 1861, led to the end of slavery in the United States.
This was finally resolved by Stanislao Cannizzaro, as announced at Karlsruhe Congress in 1860, four years after Avogadro's death.
* c. 1860 BC: Senusret III inspects the Nubian frontier, he leads four punitive campaigns against the Nubians.
Thus, by the spring of 1860, only four states remained in Italy — the Austrians in Venetia, the Papal States ( now minus the Legations ), the new expanded Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Thoreau visited the mountain four times between 1844 and 1860 and spent a great deal of time observing and cataloging natural phenomenon.
Evesham local news has been served since 1860 by the Evesham Journal, now part of the Newsquest ( Midlands South ) Ltd. subsidiary of Gannett Corporation, which is predominantly a weekly free newspaper that is distributed over four counties.
The eight giants figures were built by the painter from Pamplona Tadeo Amorena in 1860, and represent four pairs of kings and queens of four different races and places ( Europe, Asia, America and Africa ).
According to historian Barbara Welter, the author of the influential essay on this topic, " The Cult of True Womanhood: 1820 – 1860 ", True Women were to hold the four cardinal virtues:
The Angel in the House is a long narrative and lyric poem, with four sections composed over a period of years: The Betrothed and The Espousals ( 1854 ) which eulogize his first wife ; followed by Faithful For Ever ( 1860 ); and The Victories of Love ( 1862 ).
By the 1860 United States Census, the slave population in the United States had grown to four million.
Only four buildings survived the burning: the President's Mansion ( 1841 ), Gorgas House ( 1829 ), Little Round House ( 1860 ), and Old Observatory ( 1844 ).
Dortmund had a mixed result the next year when they won the European Cup Winners Cup 2 – 1 against Liverpool, but surrendered a commanding position atop the Bundesliga by losing four of their last five league games and finishing second, three points behind champions 1860 Munich.
* The credibility and morality of the four Gospels ( 1860 )
Before her death in 1871, she bore Remond four children: Amy Matilda ( 1859 – 72 ), Charles Lenox, Jr. ( 1860 – 82 ), Wendell Phillips ( 1863 – 66 ), and Albert Ernest ( 1866 – 1903 ).
The next four buildings were rescued from Birmingham Street, Oldbury and date to about 1860.
By 1860, it was already taking over 850, 000 tons of shipping a year-double that of the London Docks, four times that of St Katharine Docks and 70 % more than the West India Dock and East India Docks combined.
The Peppin brothers mainly used Saxon and Rambouillet rams, importing four Rambouillet rams in 1860.
To that end, he proposed the Crittenden Compromise — a package of six constitutional amendments and four congressional resolutions — in December 1860.
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