He rejects all subjectively motivated continuity, any line of action related to the concept of cause and effect.

A related concept in descriptive ethics is psychological egoism, the thesis that humans always act in their own self-interest and that true altruism is impossible.

The notion of abstract data types is related to the concept of data abstraction, important in object-oriented programming and design by contract methodologies for software development.

" An abstraction " is the product of this process – a concept that acts as a super-categorical noun for all subordinate concepts, and connects any related concepts as a group, field, or category.

A related concept is that of a perfect number, which is a number which equals the sum of its own proper divisors, in other words a number which forms an aliquot sequence of period 1.

The concept of a secular day of rest, not directly related to a religious day of rest, has been cited as justification for retention of restrictions on commercial activity on Sunday.

A related concept is the spectral linewidth of the radiation emitted by excited atoms.

Breatharianism is a related concept, in which believers claim food and possibly water are not necessary, and that humans can be sustained solely by prana ( the vital life force in Hinduism ), or, according to some, by the energy in sunlight ( according to Ayurveda, sunlight is one of the main sources of prana ).

The concept of chemical element is related to that of chemical substance.

* Cumulative average return, a financial concept related to the time value of money

In Confucianism, the concept of li is closely related to yì (), which is based upon the idea of reciprocity.

Citizenship granted in this fashion is referred to by the Latin phrase jus sanguinis meaning " right of blood " and means that citizenship is granted based on ancestry or ethnicity, and is related to the concept of a nation state common in Europe.

Citizenship as a concept is generally hard to isolate intellectually and compare with related political notions, since it relates to many other aspects of society such as the family, military service, the individual, freedom, religion, ideas of right and wrong, ethnicity, and patterns for how a person should behave in society.

Michel Foucault's concept of discourse is closely related to social rules as it offers a possible explanation how these rules are shaped and change.

The complementary dualistic concept in Taoism represents the reciprocal interaction throughout nature, related to a feedback loop, where opposing forces do not exchange in opposition but instead exchange reciprocally to promote stabilization similar to homeostasis.

The related concept of " standard " numbers, which can only be defined within a finite time and space, is used to motivate axiomatic internal set theory, and provide a workable formulation for illimited and infinitesimal number.

Notable are the Relational and the Entity-relationship models, the atomic transaction concept and related Concurrency control techniques, Query languages and Query optimization methods, RAID, and more.

A related concept to the " Director's Cut " is that of an extended or special edition.

The concept of duality here is closely related to the duality in projective geometry, where lines and edges are interchanged ; in fact it is often mistakenly taken to be a particular version of the same.

A related concept is the perfect fluid equation of state used in cosmology.

A related concept, the " Finagle factor ", is an ad hoc multiplicative or additive term in an equation which can only be justified by the fact that it gives more correct results.

" ISBN 1-904555-05-5 ( The book comes with a related DVD of the Arthur C. Clarke documentary introduction to the fractal concept and the Mandelbrot set.

A related concept is the strength of memory that refers to the durability that memory traces in the brain.

It is closely related to the concept of remorse.

The concept of generalization has broad application in many related disciplines, sometimes having a specialized context-meaning.

In condensed matter physics, the three dimensional structure of complicated simulated atomic structures can be studied quantitatively by gathering statistics on graph-theoretic properties related to the topology of the atoms.

Many crimes committed by released convicts treated in TBS-clinics, escape statistics because they occurred in other countries, or because they differ from the crime the convict was originally convicted for ( many convicts released from TBS-clinics find their way in illegal drug trade and related crimes ).

In statistics, mean has three related meanings:

To apply the central limit theorem ( and related statistics ) to a power law distributed variable it is first necessary to ensure that the distribution has an exponent that exceeds 2.

Mathematical statistics includes not only the manipulation of probability distributions necessary for deriving results related to methods of estimation and inference, but also various aspects of computational statistics and the design of experiments.

Although statistics do not currently show a threat to software engineering itself ; a related career, computer programming does appear to have been affected.

During the 1976 election campaign, the SPD / FDP coalition was able to win the battle of statistics, whether the figures related to employee ’ s incomes, strikes, unemployment, growth, or public sector debts.

Many gun control opponents point to statistics in advertising campaigns purporting that " approximately 9 or so children are killed by people discharging firearms every day across the US ," and argue that this statistic is seldom accompanied by a differentiation of those children killed by individuals from unintentional discharges and stray bullets, and of those " children ," under the age of majority — which is 18-21 in the U. S .— who are killed while acting as aggressors in street gang related mutual combat or while committing crimes, many of which are seen as arising from the War on Drugs.

Most employment as a statistician requires a minimum of a masters degree in statistics or a related field.

Probability and statistics are two related but separate academic disciplines.

Also, a person can gain the skills required to become a professional economist in other related disciplines, such as statistics or some types of applied mathematics, such as mathematical finance or game theory.

* PASSIA Diaries and Annual Reports: Every year since 1988, PASSIA publishes its “ Diary ”, a unique annual resource book combining a comprehensive directory of contact information for Palestinian and interna tional institu tions operating in Palestine, a day-to-day calendar, and an agenda containing facts and figures, graphs, statistics, chronologies and maps related to Palestine and the Palestinians.

These high-level tests include tests related to Benford's Law and possibly also those statistics known as descriptive statistics.

NR's Statistical Analysis of Natural Resource Data ( SAND ) offers project-oriented applied research statistics related

It is widely used in statistics where it is related to principal component analysis and to Correspondence analysis, and in signal processing and pattern recognition.

A similar important statistic in exploratory data analysis that is simply related to the order statistics is the sample interquartile range.

In order to model weather systems, atmospheric physicists employ elements of scattering theory, wave propagation models, cloud physics, statistical mechanics and spatial statistics which are highly mathematical and related to physics.

However, recently the migrated workers and their families have almost doubled the total population to about 1. 6 million, but they do not show up in the official census and other related statistics data.

China, in particular, has the highest number of coal mining related deaths in the world, with official statistics claiming that 6, 027 deaths occurred in 2004 .< ref >

The chemical potentials of bosons and fermions is related to the number of particles and the temperature by Bose – Einstein statistics and Fermi – Dirac statistics respectively.

Unsupervised learning is closely related to the problem of density estimation in statistics.