Before the widespread availability of incendiary ammunition made commerce raiding too risky, they would also land or hover close to a merchant ship suspected of carrying contraband, order all ship's hands to leave in boats, then inspect the ship, and either destroy it or take it back to Germany as prize.

Before the general availability of early military non-lethal weapons in the mid 1990s, war-fighters had few or no casualty-limiting options for the employment of scalable force and were continually at risk whenever lethal force was prohibited during sensitive missions.

Before the widespread availability of Internet connectivity, computers were only connected by smaller private networks within a company or organization.

Before that, heavy taxes and outright bans on imports that competed with local produce severely limited the availability of foreign or unseasonal food, but now Finnish supermarkets and restaurants serve up a wide variety of food from all over the world.

Before the widespread availability of electric blenders, milkshake-type drinks were more like eggnog, or they were a hand-shaken mixture of crushed ice and milk, sugar, and flavorings.

Before implementing a virtual queue, some thought should be given to the availability of substitutes.

Before a project schedule can be created, the schedule maker should have a work breakdown structure ( WBS ), an effort estimate for each task, and a resource list with availability for each resource.

Before the availability of cheap and accurate thermometers, cooks would use the ice water test, also known as the cold water test, to determine the saturation of the confection.

Before the availability of genetic evidence, the classification of angiosperms ( also known as flowering plants, Angiospermae, Anthophyta or Magnoliophyta ) was based on their morphology ( particularly of their flower ) and biochemistry ( the kinds of chemical compounds in the plant ).

Before arrival to the hospital, the availability of advanced life support does not greatly improve the outcome for major trauma victims, when compared to the administration of basic life support.

Before the availability of lasers and other electric lights, heliostats were widely used to produce intense, stationary beams of light for scientific and other purposes.

Before the September 11, 2001 attacks, the Federal Air Marshal Service consisted of varying numbers of FAMs depending upon the perceived threat and funding availability.

Before the Second World War, metal was the standard material used for surface plates, however, after the war efforts of various countries put a strain on the availability of metal, a monument and metal shop owner ( Wallace Herman ) in Dayton, Ohio started using granite in place of metal for his surface plates.

Before the widespread availability of photography, the facial features of unidentified bodies were sometimes preserved by creating death masks so that relatives of the deceased could recognize them if they were seeking a missing person.

Before the availability of digital image and text processing tools, preparing camera-ready art for use in printing ( literal cut and paste or paste up ) depended heavily on the use of knives like the X-Acto for trimming and manipulating slips of paper.

Before the wide availability of inexpensive stainless steel cutlery they were used for cutting citrus fruit, tomatoes, and other acidic foods, the flavor of which would be tainted by steel knives and which would stain ordinary steel knives.

Before burning the ship, he was able to salvage every last scrap of metal, such as hinges.

Before the development of silicon power rectifier diodes, cuprous oxide and later selenium was used ; its low efficiency gave it a much higher forward voltage drop ( typically 1. 4 to 1. 7 V per " cell ", with multiple cells stacked to increase the peak inverse voltage rating in high voltage rectifiers ), and required a large heat sink ( often an extension of the diode ’ s metal substrate ), much larger than a silicon diode of the same current ratings would require.

Before the advent of machine tools, metal was worked manually using the basic hand tools of hammers, files, scrapers, saws and chisels.

Before rubber was invented, the first versions of tires were simply bands of metal that fitted around wooden wheels to prevent wear and tear.

Before Thomsen, this might have been done by mechanically sorting the materials according to their materials or the level of craftsmanship they displayed, but as the proveniences of many of the materials were known, he could see that crude artifacts were sometimes found with fine ones and metal artifacts with artifacts of stone.

Before plastic pipes, it was the standard alternative to metal pipes, especially for sewer and outdoor drainage applications.

Allmusic wrote about Believer's Sanity Obscure album: " Before 1990, the Christian heavy metal genre rarely strayed from generic riffing and poor lyrics.

In 2005 the Industrial / Nu metal band, Industrial Frost, used the words of a Dobson poem called " Before Sedan " as the lyrics of a song of the same name.

Before creating Summoning, Protector was playing drums in a thrash / death metal band called Marlignom and had embarked on a four year study of drums in music school.

Before this layer sets, terrazzo workers partially embed metal divider strips in the concrete wherever there is to be a joint or change of color in the terrazzo.

Before the development of the electric toaster, sliced bread was toasted by placing it in a metal frame or a long-handled fork and holding it near a fire or kitchen grill.

Before 1853, when US silver coins were reduced in weight 7 %, coins had exactly their value in metal ( from 1830 to 1852 ).

Before the advent of modern welding technology, it was a primary tool of metal workers.

Before true-waterproof zippers were invented, other methods of keeping the suit waterproof at the entry point had to be devised, with the most common being a long rubber entry tunnel which would be flattened shut, then rolled together from the sides and finally folded and clamped with a metal clip.

Before rubber was invented, the first versions of tires were simply bands of metal that fitted around wooden wheels in order to prevent wear and tear.

Before their overhauls, the 1500 and 1600 series had a brushed aluminum livery with a thin red stripe, and usually called " Silverbird " cars from their natural metal finish.

Before the advent of metal spades manual labor was less efficient at moving earth, with picks being required to break up the soil in addition to a spade for moving the dirt.

Before the Model A, in order to make a paper lithographic master for a lithographic press like the Multigraph 1250, one had two choices: Type up a new master using wax-coated carbon paper on a special master sheet, or use a metal plate coated with a modified silver halide photographic emulsion.

Before the technique of injecting air into molten iron was discovered by Kelly and by Bessemer, iron was available as cast iron, a strong but brittle metal made in a blast furnace by treating iron ore with coke derived from coal, and wrought iron, a more malleable and flexible metal made by heating iron ore in a low oxygen environment in a bloomery heated by charcoal and producing " blooms ", which were 100 to 200 pound lumps of very low carbon iron mixed with slag.

Before the appearance of metal tools, dugouts were hollowed-out using controlled fires.

Before their next full-length, Cave In began experimenting with their sound offering Creative Eclipses, a five-song EP which indicated a space rock direction the band would then pursue for several years, as opposed to their metal roots.

Before the Umeå hardcore phenomenon went into full bloom, the band was seen as part of the scene centered around youth-oriented venue Galaxen, along with the punk-rock scene as well as metal bands such as Meshuggah.

Before the advent of cheap metal wares in industrialized societies, and later plastic, wood played a much greater part as the raw material for common objects.

Before the Draft Act was passed Baker had confidentially briefed governors, sheriffs, and prospective draft board members on the administration of the measure -- and the confidence was kept so well that only one newspaper learned what was going on.

Before the fight was over, the Harlem boy had a concussion and Trig was cut up badly.

Before he left the apartment he knocked on their door and asked if there was anything he could do for them.

Before he left town Pat saw to it that I was fixed up with a job.

Before the airplanes came, he said, travel in Laos was just about impossible.

Before coming on a visit to Spelman in 1885, Miss Mary had been a successful teacher in Worcester, and her position there was held open for her for a considerable period.

Before he was forty Griffith had created the art of the film.

Before appealing to the U.N. or to Russia, he first appealed to the U.S. for military help, and was rejected.

Before her chore was finished she was rescuing wind-blown sheets of music, trundling microphones about the stage, helping to move the piano and otherwise joining in the informal atmosphere.

Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols.

Before Europeans discovered other oceans, the term " ocean " itself was synonymous with the waters beyond the Strait of Gibraltar that we now know as the Atlantic.

Before he could pass the river with safety, however, it was necessary to subdue certain fortresses, one of which was for several days vigorously defended by the governor, Yussuf el-Harezmi, a Khwarezmian.

Before the 1989 series began, the win-loss ratio was almost even, with 87 wins for Australia to England's 86, 74 having been drawn.

Before the late modern era, the abbot was treated with the utmost reverence by the brethren of his house.

Before the creation of the world, God was all by Himself, in a Self-absorbed state.

Before the Tennessee electorate voted on secession, Johnson, at his peril, toured the state, speaking in opposition to the measure, contending it was unconstitutional.

Before his death, he was absolved from the excommunication ; moreover, the Pope also promised that the King of Hungary and his relatives would not be excommunicated without the special permission of the Pope.

Before the 2007 season began, Vick was suspended indefinitely by the NFL after pleading guilty to charges involving dog fighting in the state of Virginia.

Before the War, Paul was a creative, sensitive, and passionate person, writing poems and having a clear love for his family.

Before the war Tjaden was a locksmith.