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Before the widespread use of non-linear editing systems, the initial editing of all films was done with a positive copy of the film negative called a film workprint ( cutting copy in UK ) by physically cutting and pasting together pieces of film, using a splicer and threading the film on a machine with a viewer such as a Moviola, or " flatbed " machine such as a K .- E .- M. or Steenbeck.
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Before and widespread
Before digital technology became widespread, for many decades, the scanned data was transmitted as analog.
Before the widespread availability of incendiary ammunition made commerce raiding too risky, they would also land or hover close to a merchant ship suspected of carrying contraband, order all ship's hands to leave in boats, then inspect the ship, and either destroy it or take it back to Germany as prize.
Before motorized transport became widespread, drummers played a key role in military conflicts.
Before the widespread use of Unix, TOPS-10 was a particularly popular system in universities, and in the early ARPANET community.
Before the widespread adoption of the web and e-mail beginning around 1994, publications such as Factsheet Five formed a vital directory for connecting like-minded people.
Before the widespread use of a vaccine against measles, its incidence was so high that infection with measles was felt to be " as inevitable as death and taxes.
Before local elections and in the face of widespread residents ' opposition to the distribution center, the Buda City Council unanimously voted against the land change.
Before the use of chopsticks became widespread, in the Nara period, rice was often rolled into a small ball so that it could be easily picked up.
Before the vaccine to rubella was introduced in 1969, widespread outbreaks usually occurred every 6 – 9 years in the United States and 3 – 5 years in Europe, mostly affecting children in the 5-9 year old age group.
* Before the widespread adoption of CAD, engineering plans or architectural drawings were plotted onto sheets of boPET film.
Before the widespread availability of Internet connectivity, computers were only connected by smaller private networks within a company or organization.
Before the early 1970s, hand-held electronic calculators were not yet in widespread use.
Before the mission of Lunar Prospector lunar satellite, it was commonly thought that these KREEP materials had been formed in a widespread layer beneath the crust.
Before the widespread availability of electric blenders, milkshake-type drinks were more like eggnog, or they were a hand-shaken mixture of crushed ice and milk, sugar, and flavorings.
Before this the sale of hides, grain, honey, and wax to the Holy Roman Empire, Venice and Poland, and the import of silk, weapons and other manufactured goods from these areas had been widespread, but by the end of the 16th century the Ottoman Empire became the main market for Romanian products.
Before widespread formal education, Cantonese opera taught morals and messages to its audiences rather than being solely entertainment.
One of the first uses of perspective was in Giotto ’ s Jesus Before the Caïf, more than 100 years before Brunelleschi ’ s perspectival demonstrations galvanized the widespread use of convergent perspective of the Renaissance proper.
Before it was even in widespread service it was seeing major improvements.
Sariel is identified as being the same angel as Saraqael, said in the Book of Enoch to be the fifth archangel, set over spirits who sin in the spirit, change into all virtues, to eradicate particularly widespread vices of a city or a whole district and transform into all virtues, Before the identification of Sariel / Saraqael as the fifth archangel, however, the Book of Enoch identifies Sariel as one of the fallen host's " chiefs of tens.
Before the widespread use of gel electrophoresis, protein electrophoresis was performed as free flow electrophoresis, on paper, or as immunoelectrophoresis.
Before diesel engines came into widespread use, a similar system, using a petrol ( gasoline ) engine and called petrol-electric or gas-electric, was sometimes used.
Before widespread acceptance of any new test, the former test retains its status as the " gold standard.
Before the widespread use of online trading for the general public, paper trading was considered too difficult by many new investors.
Before electricity became sufficiently widespread and economical to allow for general public use, gas was the most popular means of lighting in cities and suburbs.
Before and use
Before you use 'em the light company's got to run in a heavy line and you'll need a new fuse box for the extra circuits.
Before ASCII was developed, the encodings in use included 26 alphabetic characters, 10 numerical digits, and from 11 to 25 special graphic symbols.
Before its adoption as Australia's national anthem, Advance Australia Fair saw considerable use elsewhere.
Before this time bricks were generally made close to their point of intended use.
Before use, hanks are wound into balls in which the yarn emerges from the center, making crocheting easier by preventing the yarn from becoming easily tangled.
Before central power stations were widely introduced it was common for industries, large hotels and commercial buildings to generate their own power and use low pressure exhaust steam for heating.
Before the advent of government-funded public schools, the primary mode of education for those of the lower classes was the charity school, pioneered during the 19th century by Protestant organizations and adapted for use by the Roman Catholic Church and governmental bodies.
Before the development of the electric guitar and the use of synthetic materials, a guitar was defined as being an instrument having " a long, fretted neck, flat wooden soundboard, ribs, and a flat back, most often with incurved sides ".
Before, geologists could only use fossils to date sections of rock relative to one another.
Before the adoption of the current year numbering system, other systems were in use.
Before use, one or both of the matches was lit ; when the bottle broke on impact, the mixture ignited.
Before the use of DDT it was dangerously infested with malaria.
Before the 19th century, the first use of the word " police " recorded in government documents in the United Kingdom was the appointment of Commissioners of Police for Scotland in 1714 and the creation of the Marine Police in 1798 ( set up to protect merchandise at the Port of London ).
Before tomato sauce was introduced, pasta was eaten dry with the fingers ; the liquid sauce demanded the use of a fork.
Before the September 11 attacks, use of the privilege had been rare, but increasing in frequency.
Before their overthrow they use the Sagoths, a race of gorilla-men who speak the same language as Tarzan's apes, to enforce their rule over the human tribes within the area which they rule.
Before settling on that standard, there were many different equalizations in use, including EMI, HMV, Columbia, Decca FFRR, NAB, Ortho, BBC transcription, etc.
Before it is registered, it is common practice ( with some legal standing ) to use the service mark symbol ℠ ( a superscript SM ).
Before the fourth edition, skill and ability checks worked as follows: all actions in the game, from the use of skills to making attacks in combat, are first given a target number that reflects the difficulty of the action which is then raised or lowered by various modifying factors, such as environmental conditions, the condition of the character, the use of mechanical aids, and so forth.
Before the Meiji Restoration, shrines were disorganized institutions usually attached to Buddhist temples, but they were claimed by the government during the imperial period for patriotic use and systematized.
Before Origen's time, the evidence is inconclusive ; there is a lack of definite early quotations from the letter in the writings of the Apostolic Fathers, though possible use or influence has been located in the works of Clement of Alexandria ( d. c. 211 ), Theophilius ( d. c. 183 ), Aristides ( d. c. 134 ), Polycarp ( d. 155 ), and Justin ( d. 165 ).
Before the production of the pilot episode was completed, Ellison invoked a clause in his contract to force the producers to use his alternative registered writer's name of " Cordwainer Bird " on the end credits.
Before and after aerial photographs and satellite imagery are used to gather landslide characteristics, like distribution and classification, and factors like slope, lithology, and land use / land cover to be used to help predict future events.
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