By 1678, Louis sought peace with the Dutch Republic.

By the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678 Spain relinquished Cambrai, which has remained to this day a part of France.

By 1678, Frederick William had cleared Swedish Pomerania and occupied most of it, with the exception of Rügen which was held by Denmark – Norway.

By the Treaties of Aix-la-Chapelle ( ending the War of Devolution in 1668 ) and Nijmegen ( ending the Franco-Dutch War in 1678 ), further territory up to the current Franco-Belgian border was ceded, including Lilloise Flanders ( around the city of Lille ), as well as half of the county of Hainaut ( including Valenciennes ).

By 1678, Louis had managed to break apart his opponents ' coalition, and France gained considerable territories under the terms of the Treaty of Nijmegen.

By the age of 17 he had already written a mass, a motet, and a setting of the Magnificat ; and in 1678 he wrote his first opera and oratorio.

By 1678 he was a Lieut-Colonel in Lord Gerard's Horse and a full colonel in 1679.

By 1678, the number of houses increased to seven, six of which belonged to the Pogost priests and one to a peasant.

By 1678, the governor of the captaincy of Pernambuco, Pedro Almeida, weary of the longstanding conflict with Palmares, approached its leader Ganga Zumba with an olive branch.

By 1780 he had become an " ordinaire de la musique du roi " ( court musician ) and had composed the first of his grand motets ( Te Deum 1678 ).

By the middle of the 19th century, industrialisation swept away most of the city's medieval rules of production and commerce, although the entirely corrupt remains of the city's mediæval constitution was kept in place ( compare the famous remarks of Georg Forster in his Ansichten vom Niederrhein ) until 1801, when Aachen became the " chef-lieu du département de la Roer " in Napoléon's First French Empire.

By French aristocrat Mélanie de Gaufridy de Dortan ( 1876 – 1937 ), he had Roger Marie Vincent Philippe Lévêque de Vilmorin ( 12 September 1905 – 20 July 1980 )

By Mid-March 1798 Aarau was occupied by French troops.

By 1700, approximately 20 percent of Berlin's residents were French, and their cultural influence on the city was immense.

By 16: 00, with the enemy troops besieged in Blenheim and Oberglau, the Allied centre of 81 squadrons ( nine squadrons had been transferred from Cutts ' column ), supported by 18 battalions was firmly planted amidst the French line of 64 squadrons and nine battalions of raw recruits.

By the time Marlborough had closed down the Ramillies campaign he had denied the French most of the Spanish Netherlands west of the Meuse and north of the Sambre – it was an unsurpassed operational triumph for the English Duke.

" By 24 July his fleet was resupplied and, having determined that the French must be somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean, Nelson sailed again in the direction of Morea.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By the mid-19th century, Bayonne had declined somewhat with the centralisation of power to Paris and to the new département capital, non-Basque Pau, after the 1789 French Revolution, and with Wellington's bombardment.

By the end of the year, all French and Zairian troops were withdrawn.

By 1700, it had been reprinted 15 times in Italian, and was translated in Dutch, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

By the mid — 18th century the French chemist Charles François de Cisternay du Fay had discovered two types of static electricity, and that like charges repel each other whilst unlike charges attract.

By 1569, relations with the Habsburgs had deteriorated, and Elizabeth considered marriage to two French Valois princes in turn, first Henry, Duke of Anjou, and later, from 1572 to 1581, his brother Francis, Duke of Anjou, formerly Duke of Alençon.

By 1910, the French film companies were starting to make films as long as two, or even three reels, though most were still one reel long.

By the late 1850s, one of these mentions the term " French fried potatoes ".

By 1918, two French mathematicians, Pierre Fatou and Gaston Julia, though working independently, arrived essentially simultaneously at results describing what are now seen as fractal behaviour associated with mapping complex numbers and iterative functions and leading to further ideas about attractors and repellors ( i. e., points that attract or repel other points ), which have become very important in the study of fractals ( see Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

By 1909 after the failure of a syndicalist general strike in France, Sorel and his supporters left the radical left and went to the radical right, where they sought to merge militant Catholicism and French patriotism with their views-advocating anti-republican Christian French patriots as ideal revolutionaries.

By this time, Necker had earned the enmity of many members of the French court for his overt manipulation of public opinion.

By the beginning of the 18th century, the name " Grenada ", or " la Grenade " in French, was in common use.

By 1793, the execution of the French king and the onset of the Terror disillusioned the Bildungsbürgertum ( educated middle classes ).

By November, when Leclerc died of yellow fever, 24 000 French soldiers were dead and 8, 000 were hospitalized, the majority from disease.

By the end of his life, he could converse in English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Latin, Russian, Arabic, and Turkish as well as German.

By these means he consolidated a system of absolute monarchical rule in France that endured until the French Revolution.

By early September they were within 40 miles of Paris, and the French government had relocated to Bordeaux.

By failing to do as he was told instantly -- to take out a permit or return the gun to his car -- he had played into Lord's hands.

By 1898, rustling losses had been driven down to the lowest level ever seen in Wyoming.

By the death of his father in 1888 he had come into possession of the family estate and had re-assumed its traditions.

By the time Lilian had been graduated from public school, her parents were doing quite well.

) By the time the streetcar pulled away, he had fallen in love with Paula.

By this time she had learned that it was futile to argue with her young husband, yet the uncomfortable fact remained: the American Congregationalists were sending them as missionaries to the Far East and paying their salaries.

By the age of six young Johnny indicated that he had the call.

By September 1940 the Suite had developed into a collection of six songs, `` four spirituals, a dream, and a lullaby ''.

By now he had become Regius Professor of Modern History at Cambridge and had been honored by the award of the Order of Merit.

By both standards Thomas had the right to be proud.

By June 19, 1788, he had presented himself to its Commander in Chief, the Governor of the Southern Provinces, the Director of the War College -- The Prince.

By 1783 her legions had managed to annex the Crimea amid scenes of wanton cruelty and now, in this second combat with the Crescent, were aiming at suzerainty over all of the Black Sea's northern shoreline.

By this time word had got around that an American doctor was on the premises.

By this time Woodruff had accurately measured Pike as a man of great personal pride, a man who would fly into a towering rage if his integrity were questioned, and who would be anxious to avenge himself.

By 1834 the art of oratory had reached a very high level in the United States as a literary form.

By the time he was under the covers he had forgotten about seeing Kate.

By 1937 he had clarified his intentions to serve his people: `` I have striven for clarity and melodious idiom, but at the same time I have by no means attempted to restrict myself to the accepted methods of harmony and melody.

By the time the film was released we were three million dollars over-spent, war was imminent and the public apparently had forgotten all about Mother Cabrini.

By this time Churchill was not so cordial toward moving Poland westward as he had been at Teheran, where he and Eden had both heartily approved the idea.

By December, 1958, when ' Abdallah Ibrahim became President of the Council, elections had even greater importance.

By 800 social and cultural security had been achieved, at least on a simple plane ; ;

By this time large numbers of the audience had left the hall.