By 1943, the Partisan resistance movement had gained the upper hand, against the odds, and in 1945, with help from the Soviet Red Army ( passing only through small parts such as Vojvodina ), expelled the Axis forces and local supporters.

By 1935, the only significant independent nation that did not possess a central bank was Brazil, which subsequently developed a precursor thereto in 1945 and the present central bank twenty years later.

By late September 1945 the Thomases had left Wales and were living with various friends in London.

By June 1945, the RCA had pushed the FCC hard on the allocation of electromagnetic frequencies for the fledgling television industry.

By February 1945 David Astor had invited Orwell to become a war correspondent for the Observer.

By September 1945, the Third Reich ( which lasted only 12 years ) and its Axis partners ( Italy and Japan ) had been defeated, chiefly by the forces of the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

By 1944 the UAP had effectively disintegrated and in 1945 Menzies formally established a new political party, the Liberal Party of Australia, and forged an enduring coalition with the Country Party.

By early 1945, the communists had liquidated, discredited, or driven into exile most of the country's interwar elite.

" By chance, a 35 mm nitrate composite master positive ( fine grain ) of the 1945 version survived.

By April 1945, Nazi Germany faced its last days with 1. 9 million German soldiers in the East fighting 6. 4 million Red Army soldiers while 1 million German soldiers in the West battled 4 million Western Allied soldiers.

By July 1945, Stalin's troops effectively controlled the Baltic States, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania, and refugees were fleeing out of these countries fearing a Communist take-over.

By the beginning of 1945, with the Soviets on the Oder and the Western Allies preparing to cross the Rhine, Goebbels could no longer disguise the fact that defeat was inevitable.

By September 1945, Newman was appointed head of the Mathematics Department and to the Fielden Chair of Pure Mathematics at the University of Manchester.

By May 1945, this work had advanced enough to allow the beginning of production of desperately needed Opel parts.

By the end of 1945, the army numbered about 5, 000 and the gendarmerie some 3, 500.

By 1945, the church reported 210, 000 members in the US and Canada, and 360, 000 elsewhere ; the budget was $ 29 million and enrollment in church schools was 140, 000.

By February 1945, 73 % of children received milk in school, compared with 50 % in July 1940.

By 1945, roughly 33 % of all children ate at school compared with one in thirty in 1940, while those taking milk increased from about 50 % to roughly 75 %.

By executive order of President Harry S. Truman, the U. S. employed the uranium-type nuclear weapon code named " Little Boy " on the city of Hiroshima on Monday, August 6, 1945, followed three days later by the detonation of the plutonium-type weapon code named " Fat Man " over the city of Nagasaki on August 9.

By the latter part of the decade, Barcelona began to emerge as a force when they were crowned champions in 1945, 1948 and 1949.

By the end of World War II, May 1945, over 3, 000 V-2s had been launched.

By April 1945, shipments of plutonium were headed to Los Alamos every five days, and Hanford soon provided enough material for the bombs tested at Trinity and dropped over Nagasaki.

By December 1945, six months after the war had ended, it was estimated by French authorities that 2, 000 German prisoners were still being killed or maimed each month in mine-clearing accidents.

By early 1945, Americans were becoming aware that something strange was going on.

By comparison, Stone Harbor bird sanctuary's allies seem less formidable, for aside from the Audubon Society, they are mostly the snowy, common and cattle egrets and the Louisiana, green, little blue and black-crowned herons who nest and feed there.

By this time there is little doubt but what election plans were complete.

By 1960 there were such schools in all but 4 states.

By themselves they may not be able to save the life on this planet, but without them there would be very little left worth saving.

By saying `` another emotional death '', she reveals that there has been a previous one, although she has not described it in words.

I grinned at him, handed him a couple of dollars and said, `` By the time you get the parking charge figured up, there should be a cigar in it for you ''.

By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.

By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.

By 1903 the Liberals were so dominant that there was no longer an organized opposition in Parliament.

By 1073 there were only two Englishmen in episcopal sees, and by the time of William's death in 1089, there was only one, Wulfstan II of Worcester.

Proof: By symmetry, it suffices to prove that there is some constant c such that for all bitstrings s

By its terms the boundary between Alfred ’ s and Guthrum ’ s kingdoms was to run up the River Thames, to the River Lea ; follow the Lea to its source ( near Luton ); from there extend in a straight line to Bedford ; and from Bedford follow the River Ouse to Watling Street.

By the 1850s when they first came into sustained contact by outside groups, there were estimated 7, 000 Adamanese, divided into the following major groups:

By his zeal and exertions – for there were many conflicting interests to reconcile – he adjusted the affair in a manner at once creditable to his judgment and fortunate for his country.

By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.

" Caplan comments on the impact of the Supreme Court's decision making it necessary for there to be evidence of guilt in such a plea, " By requiring that there be some evidence of guilt in such a situation, the decision attempts to protect the ' really ' innocent from the temptations to which plea-bargaining and defense attorneys may subject them.

By the end of the 18th century there were no factories or mills and only a few small cottage industries along the border with Zurich.

By the mid-nineteenth century there were Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist, United Free Methodist, Congregationalist, Baptist, Swedenborgian, Unitarian, Roman Catholic and Catholic Apostolic churches in the town.

By the 2nd century there were also famous Christian ascetics, such as Saint Thecla.

By the 15th century there is evidence for the renewed use of lidded cementation crucibles at Zwickau in Germany.

By the 6th century AD there is evidence of the foundation of a Bavarian stem duchy whose leadership was related to the ruling Frankish ( and possibly Alemannic / Swabian ) houses.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By 1950, there were only 100, 000 monolingual Bretons, and a rapid decline since, with likely no monolingual speakers left today.