By analysing the statistical properties of hydrologic records, such as rainfall or river flow, hydrologists can estimate future hydrologic phenomena.

* 1862 – By analysing the spectroscopic signature of the Sun and comparing it to those of other stars, Father Angelo Secchi determines that the Sun is itself a star.

By analysing descendants ' DNA, however, parts of ancestral genomes are estimated by scientists.

By analysing the return speed of light in different directions at various different times, it was thought to be possible to measure the motion of the Earth relative to the aether.

By analysing the trace elements in water sourced from deep underground, hydrogeologists have been able to determine that water extracted from these aquifers can be more than 1 million years old.

By analysing irregularities in the orbit, Karpal discovers that the devastating burst of energy will reach Earth within the next four days.

By analysing the statistics of visitors it is possible to see shortcomings of the site and look to improve those areas.

By analysing the recording later, the entire call frequency range and the call pattern can be measured.

By analysing pollen in core samples taken from peat bogs, von Post noticed that different plant species were represented in bands through the cores.

By describing and analysing the situation, critical risks can be identified and mitigated by selecting actions and an appropriate strategy.

By analysing the stresses caused along the fault by each earthquake, they were able to forecast the shock that hit the town of İzmit with devastating effect in August 1999.

By analysing received signal strength from side and backlobes and thus getting radar antennae radiation pattern false targets can be created to directions other than one where the jammer is coming from.

By nature, behavioural therapies are empirical ( data-driven ), contextual ( focused on the environment and context ), functional ( interested in the effect or consequence a behaviour ultimately has ), probabilistic ( viewing behaviour as statistically predictable ), monistic ( rejecting mind – body dualism and treating the person as a unit ), and relational ( analysing bidirectional interactions ).

By analysing the retained data, governments can identify the locations of individuals, an individual's associates and the members of a group such as political opponents.

By analysing the fingerprints, contigs are assembled by automated ( FPC ) or manual means ( Pathfinders ) into overlapping DNA stretches.

By comparing the spectrum to computed models of stellar evolution, the age, mass, radius and luminosity of Tau Ceti can be estimated.

By 1989 the political spectrum had widened, and new parties were formed and re-formed almost daily.

By varying the monochromator's wavelength setting, the full spectrum can be measured.

By making measurements of the signal at many discrete positions of the moving mirror, the spectrum can be reconstructed using a Fourier transform of the temporal coherence of the light.

By late 1966, Davies was addressing the bleakness of life at the lower end of the social spectrum: released together as the complementary A-B sides of a single, " Dead End Street " and " Big Black Smoke " were powerful neo-Dickensian sketches of urban poverty.

By that time, the foundation's collection included a broad spectrum of expressionist and surrealist works, including paintings by Paul Klee, Oskar Kokoschka and Joan Miró.

By measuring the energies and three-momenta of the daughter particles, one can reconstruct the invariant mass of the two-particle system, which must be equal to M. This technique is used, e. g., in experimental searches for Z ' bosons at high-energy particle colliders, where the Z ' boson would show up as a bump in the invariant mass spectrum of electron-positron or muon-antimuon pairs.

By regularly looking at the spectrum of a star-and so, measure its velocity-one can see if it moves periodically due to the influence of a companion.

By 1970, many groups from opposite sides of the political spectrum had come to support Perón, from the left-wing and Catholic Montoneros to the fascist-leaning and strongly anti-Semitic Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara, one of Argentina's first guerrilla movements.

By using state of the art coding and modulation techniques, DVB-C2 should offer greater than 30 % higher spectrum efficiency under the same conditions, and the gains in downstream channel capacity will be greater than 60 % for optimized HFC networks.

By assuming that the reflectivity is white, we can assume that the power spectrum of the reflectivity is constant, and that the power spectrum of the seismogram is the spectrum of the wavelet multiplied by that constant.

By stacking several cells with different sized rods, a broad range of wavelengths across the solar spectrum can be collected and converted to energy.

By comparing the attenuation of the transmitted light with the incident, an absorption spectrum can be obtained.

By discarding the phase information it is possible to simplify the information in a frequency domain representation to generate a frequency spectrum or spectral density.

By March 1920, Strasser's Freikorps was ready to participate in the failed Kapp Putsch, whereas his brother Otto had turned to the left of the political spectrum and commanded the Rote Hundertschaft, a socialist paramilitary group, to combat this right-wing coup d ' état.

By measuring these properties from a star's spectrum, the position of a main sequence star on the H-R diagram can be determined, and thereby the star's absolute magnitude estimated.

By contrast, a xenon arc has a continuous emission spectrum with nearly constant intensity in the range from 300-800 nm and a sufficient irradiance for measurements down to just above 200 nm.

By absorbing UV rays in the blue-purple spectrum, pigments filter intense sunlight and thereby have a role assuring regeneration of the species.

By carrying out this quantization and calculating the eigenvalues of the Casimir operator for the Kepler problem, Wolfgang Pauli was able to derive the energy levels of hydrogen-like atoms ( Figure 6 ) and, thus, their atomic emission spectrum.

By examining only the varying part of the absorption spectrum ( essentially, subtracting minimum absorption from peak absorption ), a monitor can ignore other tissues or nail polish, ( though black nail polish tends to distort readings ) and discern only the absorption caused by arterial blood.

By bringing together capital markets insights, manager research, strategic asset allocation, portfolio implementation and indexing, Russell is able to deliver the full spectrum of investment strategies and asset classes to help investors achieve outcomes.

By the end of the century, a spectrum of complementary currencies had emerged.

By placing telescopes on rockets and satellites it was possible to avoid the absorption of the ultraviolet light by the Earth's atmosphere and gain a great deal of information about the hot plasmas especially in the Sun's chromosphere and corona.

By failing to do as he was told instantly -- to take out a permit or return the gun to his car -- he had played into Lord's hands.

By now Curt was seeing clearly again.

By her eighteenth birthday her bent for writing was so evident that Papa and Mamma gave her a Life Of Dickens as a spur to her aspiration.

By now she was sure she was going to have a baby, deciding it would be born in India or Burma that November.

By this time she had learned that it was futile to argue with her young husband, yet the uncomfortable fact remained: the American Congregationalists were sending them as missionaries to the Far East and paying their salaries.

By now he was undergoing a fresh torrent of abuse from Tory papers and pamphlets, and action was being taken to effect his punishment by expulsion from Parliament.

By this time word had got around that an American doctor was on the premises.

By our policy the West was -- is -- split.

By the time he was under the covers he had forgotten about seeing Kate.

By the time he was prosperous enough -- his goals were high -- he was bald and afraid of women.

By late afternoon the train inched into the marshaling yards in the railhead at Lublin, which was filled with lines of cars poised to pour the tools of war to the Russian front.

By odd coincidence, on the evening of her return Shelley chose to read Parisina, which was the latest of the titled poet's successes.

By the time the film was released we were three million dollars over-spent, war was imminent and the public apparently had forgotten all about Mother Cabrini.

By this method it was determined that the normal pressure exerted by a sample of polybutene ( molecular weight reported to be 770 ) was over half an atmosphere.

By comparing reaction cells sealed from the same manifold temperature dependency corresponding to activation energies ranging from 11 to 18 Af was observed while dependence on the first power of the light intensity seemed to be indicated in most cases.

By Nov. 8, 1958, weakness, specifically involving the pelvic and thigh musculature, was pronounced, and a common complaint was `` difficulty in stepping up on to curbs ''.

Serum potassium at this time was 3.8 mEq. per liter, and the hemoglobin was 13.9 gm. By Dec. 1, 1958, the weakness in the pelvic and quadriceps muscle groups was appreciably worse, and it became difficult for the patient to rise unaided from a sitting or reclining position.