By showing how simple unintelligent forces can ratchet up designs of extraordinary complexity without invoking outside design, Darwin showed that an intelligent designer was not the necessary conclusion to draw from complexity in nature.

By invoking the Stayman convention, the responder takes control of the bidding since strength and distribution of the opener's hand is already known within a limited range.

By invoking a god or spirit by name, one was thought to be able to summon that spirit's power for some kind of miracle or magic ( see Luke 9: 49, in which the disciples claim to have seen a man driving out demons using the name of Jesus.

By virtue of the large bandwidths inherent in UWB systems, large channel capacities could be achieved in principle ( given sufficient SNR ) without invoking higher-order modulations requiring a very high SNR.

By this, he was invoking the terms of Baldwin IV's will, terms already broken by Guy and Sibylla: in the event of the death of his nephew Baldwin V it had been Baldwin's will that Baldwin V's " most rightful heirs " were to hold the regency until the succession could be settled by the King of England, the King of France, and the Holy Roman Emperor.

By invoking the variational method, one can derive a set of N-coupled equations for the N spin orbitals.

) By invoking the fallacy, the contested issue of " lying " is ignored.

By revealing she was using magic and not the powers of a god ( by casting a spell of his own ), Raistlin proved that she was a charlatan, destroying her cult and at the same time invoking the wrath of the townspeople against himself, coming dangerously close to being burned at the stake.

By invoking reductio ad Hitlerum, an opponent's view is ridiculed even though the comparison may be relevant.

By contrast, the National Union Party was united and energized as Lincoln made emancipation the central issue, and state Republican parties stressed the perfidy of the Copperheads.

By the 1920s, each state in the United States had passed public laws that stipulated a certain day to be Arbor Day or Arbor and Bird Day observance.

By focusing consciously on an idea, feeling or intention the meditant seeks to arrive at pure thinking, a state exemplified by but not confined to pure mathematics.

By tradition, when the Justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority.

By default, the system state will be in either of the minima states, because that corresponds to the state of lowest energy.

By 1991 the country was completely transformed into a modern industrialized state.

By the time Confucius was 50 years old, the Ji family had consolidated their power in the Lu state over the ruling ducal house.

By March 1811 the province of Bogotá had transformed itself into a state called Cundinamarca.

By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the purpose of the ceramic and technological state of the people among other conclusions.

By controlling the point and time of infection, bodies could be conditioned to optimal state before contracting smallpox, therefore providing a better opportunity to fight and achieve immunity.

By 2011, nearly six of ten full-time undergraduates qualified for a tuition-free education at CUNY due in large measure to state, federal and CUNY financial aid programs.

By encouraging clarity on the active subject that " does " or wants or believes something, and disallowing passive constructions about the state of affairs ( a common use of " to be "), E-Prime makes it more difficult to hide assumptions in statements about The Other or equivalent constructions such as " they " or " most people " or " the public " or " the taxpayer ".

By 1943, after Italy faced multiple military failures, complete reliance and subordination of Italy to Germany, and Allied invasion of Italy, and corresponding international humiliation, Mussolini was removed as head of government and arrested by the order of King Victor Emmanuel III who proceeded to dismantle the Fascist state and declared Italy's switching of allegiance to the Allied side.

By 1990, Chile had fulfilled Hayek's prediction by transitioning to a democratic state as established in the 1980 Constitution of Chile approved during the Pinochet regime.

By combining Coulomb's theory with Christian Otto Mohr's 2D stress state, the theory became known as Mohr-Coulomb theory.

By convention, the longest serving state governor holds a dormant commission, allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever a vacancy occurs.

By this time the puzzle seems to have mutated to a form in which the missing word is an adjective that describes the state of the world.

By contrast, East Germany renounced ties to the Nazi past, styling itself the " anti-fascist rampart " and proclaiming itself the first socialist state on German soil.

By accommodating the conquered people's gods, religion became more polytheistic and government became somewhat more secular ; the title of lugal, big man, appears alongside the earlier religious titles, although his primary duty is still the worship of the state gods.

By the 1860s, the Russian Empire – continued as the Soviet Union – became the largest contiguous state in the world, and the latter's main successor, Russia, continues to be so to this day.

By the 20th century, earlier mechanical calculators, cash registers, accounting machines, and so on were redesigned to use electric motors, with gear position as the representation for the state of a variable.

By the late 1980s Solidarity, a Polish reform movement, became crucial in causing a peaceful transition from a communist state to the capitalist system and parliamentary democracy.

By the early monarchy El and Yahweh had become unified and Asherah did not continue as a separate state cult, although she continued to be popular at a community level until Persian times.

By a minimization of free energy argument, the relation that predicted the smaller new contact angle is the state most likely to exist.

Descriptions of how the Chronosphere and the time travel mechanisms work were revealed in the early episodes, and in episodes where Russian time travelers or spies attempt to steal Element-115 or the secrets of the Backstep Project ( for example, in Season 3, Episode 21 – " Born in the USSR " and in Season 1, Episode 9 – " As Time Goes By ").

By finding all the secrets in a level, a player can also gain one bonus star to use.

By family tradition, the secrets of cymbal making were passed on only to the oldest son, but Armand's father, Avedis Zildjian III, gave the information to both of his sons, Armand and Robert.

By the seventh century AD, cooks of the Persian empire had learnt from their forebears the secrets of lightening and enriching bread-based mixtures with eggs, butter, and cream, and sweetening them with fruit and honey.

By this time, however, all the secrets of Dutch administration were known to him, and he had begun to openly protest about the abuses of the colonial system.

the zig-zag bridge in the Humble Administrator's Garden illustrates the proverb, " By detours, access to secrets.

They illustrated a Chinese proverb, " By detours, access to secrets ".

By the end, after learning the city ’ s secrets, Sharkboy still hopes to find his father, and Lavagirl the secrets of her origin.

By sending love notes to the wrong women and blurting out secrets ( including that of an unplanned pregnancy ), Costard makes fools of the royal court.

By finding this mystic gateway he hopes to find the reason for the disappearance of his own father and also unravel the secrets behind the origin of elvenkind.

By 2010 170 audiobooks have appeared, as well as four special episodes ( The secret of TKKG ( 1997, re-issue 2010 ), Treasure island with seven secrets, Shark alert in water park ):